scholarly journals Bacillus Benefits the Growth of Ambrosia Artemisiifolia by Increasing Available Nutrient Levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjuan Zhang ◽  
Jianru Sun ◽  
Chang Wang ◽  
Chunying Li ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Competitive Growth ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mixture Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Traits

Abstract AimsBacillus, a gram-positive bacterium, has multiple beneficial traits which help the plants in nutrients acquisition, either directly or indirectly. However, the mechanisms that mediate the positive or negative impact of Bacillus on exotic or native species are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine whether the quantitative and/ or qualitative differences in the Bacillus community present on the exotic Ambrosia artemisiifolia and the native Setaria viridis provide a competitive advantage to the invader over native species. MethodsA. artemisiifolia monoculture, mixture of A. artemisiifolia and S. viridis and S. viridis monoculture were designed in the field experiment. Bacillus diversity in their rhizospheres was analyzed using 16S rRNA and their effects on the competitive growth of A. artemisiifolia and S. viridis were tested in greenhouse experiment.ResultsThe Shannon index, species richness, and evenness index of Bacillus diversity in the rhizosphere soil of A. artemisiifolia in the monoculture treatment were lower than in the mixture treatment. The relative abundance of Bacillus megaterium in the rhizosphere soil of A. artemisiifolia was higher than that in the rhizosphere soil of S. viridis. Whether Bacillus in the rhizosphere soil of A. artemisiifolia or B. megaterium inoculation enhanced the relative competitiveness of A. artemisiifolia and inhibited that of S. viridis by altering their carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations. ConclusionsA. artemisiifolia invasion influenced Bacillus communities, especially B. megaterium. The higher abundance of B. megaterium in A. artemisiifolia rhizosphere creates higher levels of the available nutrient than that in native S. viridis.

scholarly journals Predicting the potential distribution of the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: informing a risk assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Therriault ◽  
Leif-Matthias Herborg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
Introduced Range ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Therriault, T. W., and Herborg, L-M. 2008. Predicting the potential distribution of the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: informing a risk assessment. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 788–794. A crucial step in characterizing the potential risk posed by non-native species is determining whether a potential invader can establish in the introduced range and what its potential distribution could be. To this end, various environmental models ranging from simple to complex have been applied to predict the potential distribution of an invader, with varying levels of success. Recently, in marine waters, tunicates have received much attention, largely because of their negative impacts on shellfish aquaculture. One of these species is the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis, which recently has had a negative impact on aquaculture operations in Atlantic Canada and could pose a risk in Pacific Canada. To inform the risk assessment of this species, we evaluated two different types of environmental model. Simple models based on reported temperature or salinity tolerances were relatively uninformative, because almost all waters were deemed suitable. In contrast, a more complex genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction (GARP) environmental niche model, based on documented Canadian occurrence points, provided informative projections of the potential distribution in Canadian waters. In addition to informing risk assessments, these predictions can be used to focus monitoring activities, particularly towards vectors that could transport C. intestinalis to these favourable environments.

Effect of phenology on agonistic competitive interactions between invasive and native sheet-web spiders

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Houser ◽  
Adam H. Porter ◽  
Howard S. Ginsberg ◽  
Elizabeth M. Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linyphia Triangularis ◽  
Size Interaction ◽  
Very High

The phenologies of introduced relative to native species can greatly influence the degree and symmetry of competition between them. The European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Linyphiidae) reaches very high densities in coastal Maine (USA). Previous studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively affects native linyphiid species, with competition for webs as one mechanism. We documented phenological differences between L. triangularis and three native species that illustrate the potential for the reversal of size-based competitive advantage over the course of the year. To test whether relative size influences interaction outcome, we allowed a resident spider to build a web and then introduced an intruder. We examined whether the outcomes of agonistic interactions over the webs were influenced by the species of the resident (invasive or native), the relative size of the contestants, and the species × size interaction. We found that the importance of relative size differed among species. In interactions between L. triangularis and each of two native species, size played a greater role than resident species on the outcome of interactions, suggesting that competitive advantage reverses over the season based on phenology-related size differences. Linyphia triangularis had a negative impact on the third species regardless of relative size.

scholarly journals Laboratory study on the effects of nutrient enrichment on a phytoplankton population in Sawa Lake, Iraq

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Population ◽  
Phytoplankton Cell ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Index Of Diversity

Nutrient enrichment of Sawa lake water was made using different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations during autumn and spring at three stations. Different concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and N: P ratios were used to test variations in phytoplankton population dynamics. Nitrogen at a concentration of 25 µmole.l-1 and N: P ratio of 10:1 gave highest phytoplankton cell number at all stations and seasons. A total of 64 algal taxa dominated by Bacillariophyceae followed by Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae were identified. The values of Shannon index of diversity were more than one in the studied stations.

scholarly journals Towards a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment strategy for eutrophication abatement

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Neverova-Dziopak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Public ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Eutrophication is one of the consequences of the negative anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems. It leads to the degradation of both sweet and marine ecosystems, constituting a kind of secondary pollution of waters, which disturbs all types of their use. Undertakings related to preventing the negative effects of eutrophication are mainly conducted towards reducing the loads of nutrients introduced into surface waters and controlling the entire conditions in aquatic ecosystems in order to limit the development of aquatic vegetation. The increasingly restrictive legal requirement regarding the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater discharged into recipients enforces the application of expensive treatment technologies, and the public is becoming more aware of the rising costs of water and wastewater fees. In addition, wastewater treatment is a factor which has a negative impact on air quality due to greenhouse gas emissions and generates other environmental problems. The challenge for facilities, however, is determining which treatment alternatives will best meet their needs, both technically and financially, and to choose the most sustainable path. The problem of establishing a reasonable level of nutrient removal from wastewater, justified from an ecological and economic point of view is discussed in the paper.

Floristic diversity of the Park-monument of landscape art of local value «Park-square» (Chernivtsi, Soborna Square)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-281
Author(s):  
Alla Tokaryuk ◽  
Oksana Romanyuk
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Landscape Art ◽  
Local Value

The results of floristic diversity research of the park-monument of landscape art of local value «Park-square» (Chernivtsi, Soborna Square) are presented. Taxonomic composition of natural (18 species, 15 genera) and cultivated (23 species, 22 genera) park’s dendroflora is established. Predominance of introduced woody plants in «Park-square’s» dendroflora, most of which originate from Circumboreal floristic region, was revealed. Less represented regions are East-Asian (20%) and Atlantic-North-American (17%). The North American plants Acer negundo L and Robinia pseudoacacia L are invasive and belong to the group of highly active species. The park’s lawns belong to the alliance Polygono-Coronopodion Sissingh 1969 of the class Polygono-Poеtea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975. According to the synphytoindicational analysis, these communities are mesophytic, hemihydrocontrastphilic, hemiaerophobic, subacidophilous, semieutrophic, acarbonphilic, nitrophilous. Park’s edaphic conditions are favourable for the distribution of 17 species of alien plants xenophytes, 12 of which are invasive in the region. In the group of alien plants, kenophytes are predominant according to the time of entry, epecophytes – according to the degree of naturalization, American species - according to the origin, terrophytes prevail in the spectrum of biomorphs, and Asteraceae family ranks first according to taxonomic identification – 7 species, 6 genera. These species are found as single ones, and therefore have no negative impact on the composition and structure of park’s phytocenosis cultures, except for a quarantine allergic species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., that causes human respiratory disease. Hence, the inventories of the variety of region’s nature reserves and popularization of knowledge about dangerous introduced and alien plants is the priority task of scientists and law enforcement officers.

scholarly journals Exploring Perceived Well-Being from Urban Parks: Insights from a Megacity in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7586
Author(s):  
Andrea Parra-Saldívar ◽  
Sebastián Abades ◽  
Juan L. Celis-Diez ◽  
Stefan Gelcich
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Relationship

Urbanization has impacted biodiversity and ecosystems at a global scale. At the same time, it has been recognized as a driver of the physical and emotional gap between humans and nature. The lack of direct contact with nature can have a negative impact on several aspects of human well-being and change knowledge and attitudes of people towards the environment. However, this phenomenon is still poorly understood in megacities outside developed countries. Here, we explore the relationship between ecological knowledge and self-reported well-being in an important urban park in Santiago, Chile. We conducted semi-structured surveys of park users to explore their beliefs, preferences, ecological knowledge of plants and birds, and self-reported well-being. Citizens associated urban parks mainly with “nature,” and particularly with the presence of trees and plants. Trees were recognized as the most relevant elements of urban parks; in turn, birds were ranked as the less relevant. Regarding formal ecological knowledge, respondents correctly identified an average of 2.01 plants and 2.44 birds out of a total of 10 for each taxon, and exotic species were more likely to be recognized. Park users also reported high scores for self-reported well-being. Interestingly, variance of self-reported well-being scores tended to increase at low levels of ecological knowledge of trees, but no significant relationship was detected with knowledge of birds, nor native species. Ecological knowledge of trees was positively related to self-reported well-being. Results suggest that parks can positively contribute to bring people closer to nature in middle-income countries. Improving ecological knowledge can be critical to restore the relationship between humans and nature in megacities.

scholarly journals Growth of tropical tree species and absorption of copper in soil artificially contaminated

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Silva ◽  
R. Andreazza ◽  
C. Da Ros ◽  
A. Dellai ◽  
R. J. S. Jacques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Tropical Tree Species ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Copper Contaminated ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Reclamation of copper contaminated sites using forest species may be an efficient alternative to reduce the negative impact. The aim of this study was to quantify the growth and evaluate the quality of seedlings of native species at different doses of copper in the soil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with seven replications in a factorial arrangement (3×9), using three indigenous species of plants (Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Mimosa scabrella and Apuleia leiocarpa) and nine doses of copper in the soil (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420 and 480 mg kg–1).The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse which the seedlings were grown for 180 days. The experimental units were plastic pots of 125 cm3 filled with Oxisol. The results indicated that the levels of copper applied to the soil decreased the quality of seedlings and growth of Apuleia leiocarpato a lesser extent compared with Mimosa scabrella and Anadenanthera macrocarpa. Anadenanthera macrocarpa was the forest species that resulted in the lowest copper translocation from roots to shoots. In addition, the Apuleia leiocarpa exhibited high resistance and tolerance for copper in the soil and also, it is highlighted an ability for copper phytoremediation.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of Indigenous Tree Species in Broussonetia papyrifera Invaded Sites in Pra -Anum Forest Reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Kwesi Yalley ◽  
Daniel Adusu ◽  
Abdul-Rahman Bunyamin ◽  
Isaac Okyere ◽  
Austin Asare
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Indigenous Tree Species ◽  
Control And Management

Broussonetia papyrifera invasion poses a serious threat to indigenous tree species in Ghana. Many conservation scientists therefore emphasize the need to control, manage, and possibly eradicate the species. However, attempts at control and management require adequate knowledge of its ecology and impact on invaded ecosystems. Employing a complete randomized design with twenty-four (24) 20 m × 20 m plots, 12 each on invaded and uninvaded sites, this study assesses the indigenous species regeneration potential under Broussonetia papyrifera-invaded sites in the Pra-Anum forest reserve. The study provides evidence of the negative impact of Broussonetia on the regenerative capacity of the reserve, as 335 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 43 species were recorded on the uninvaded site compared to 156 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 31 species on the invaded site. The study, however, observed some level of resilience of species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families, as they appeared fairly represented on the invaded site. Floristic diversity was also observed to be negatively impacted by Broussonetia invasion as mean Shannon and Simpson index values of 2.39 ± 0.71 and 0.89 ± 0.08 and 1.39 ± 0.24 and 0.64 ± 0.08 were recorded on the uninvaded and invaded sites, respectively. Furthermore, the Broussonetia invasion compromised the productivity of the forest ecosystem as 4.9 ± 1.61 mean economic tree species per 400 m2 plot were recorded on the invaded site compared to 13.8 ± 1.28 per 400 m2 plot on the uninvaded site. The study, therefore, concludes that Broussonetia invasion poses a serious threat to the integrity and productivity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Consequently, the study recommends the control of the spread of the species to protect the integrity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Also, restoration efforts in invaded areas of the reserve could consider the use of native species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families as they appear to be resilient to Broussonetia invasion.

Cultivation of Chlorella sp. Using Industrial Effluents for Lipid Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 1111-1116
Author(s):  
Tarinee Sasibunyarat ◽  
Benjamas Cheirsilp ◽  
Boonya Charnnok ◽  
Sumate Chaiprapat
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This work aims to investigate microalgal growth and lipid production from Chlorella sp. on different digester effluents from seafood factory, starch factory and palm oil mill. Results under 32 cultivation days showed that the effluent from seafood factory gave the highest microalgal growth (0.9956±0.2121 g/L) followed by starch factory and palm oil mill (0.8622±0.0391 and 0.2611±0.0444 g/L, respectively). Although higher nitrogen and phosphorus in medium stimulated growth, turbidity of the palm oil mill effluent showed a negative impact. In addition, phosphorus concentration in the medium positively affected the lipid content in cells. The seafood effluent with total phosphorus of 45.24±3.80 mg/L yielded highest lipid content at 26.96±1.58% compared to starch factory (22.10±2.61). The digester effluent from seafood factory was found more suitable for Chlorella sp. cultivation due to the high mass production, oil content and lipid productivity.

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