scholarly journals Physical Exertion at Work and Addictive Behaviors: Tobacco, Cannabis, Alcohol, Sugar and Fat Consumption: Longitudinal Analyses in trhe CONSTANCES Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Hamieh ◽  
Alexis Descatha ◽  
Marie Zins ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Fat Consumption

Abstract We examined the prospective association of physical exertion at work with subsequent tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use, and sugar and fat consumption. Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012–2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n = 100,612), and from 2012–2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes (n = 75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥ 12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and diet rich in sugar and fat was obtained from principal component analysis and analyzed as quartiles. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline physical exertion at work, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption. High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use with dose-dependent relationships. It was also associated with increased odds of cannabis use at least once per month compared to no use in the past and with increased odds of diet rich in sugar and fat. Hence, the role of physical exertion at work on tobacco and cannabis use and diet rich in sugar and fat should be tackled for information and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Physical exertion at work and addictive behaviors: tobacco, cannabis, alcohol, sugar and fat consumption: longitudinal analyses in the CONSTANCES cohort

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Hamieh ◽  
Alexis Descatha ◽  
Marie Zins ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Fat Consumption

AbstractWe examined the prospective association of physical exertion at work with subsequent tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use, and sugar and fat consumption. Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012 to 2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n = 100,612), and from 2012 to 2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes (n = 75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥ 12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and diet rich in sugar and fat was obtained from principal component analysis and analyzed as quartiles. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline physical exertion at work, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption. High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use with dose-dependent relationships. It was also associated with increased odds of cannabis use at least once per month compared to no use in the past and with increased odds of diet rich in sugar and fat. Hence, the role of physical exertion at work on tobacco and cannabis use and diet rich in sugar and fat should be tackled for information and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Adolescent cannabis use, baseline prodromal symptoms and the risk of psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Mustonen ◽  
Solja Niemelä ◽  
Tanja Nordström ◽  
Graham K. Murray ◽  
Pirjo Mäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Prodromal Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundThe association between cannabis use and the risk of psychosis has been studied extensively but the temporal order still remains controversial.AimsTo examine the association between cannabis use in adolescence and the risk of psychosis after adjustment for prodromal symptoms and other potential confounders.MethodThe sample (n = 6534) was composed of the prospective general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1986. Information on prodromal symptoms of psychosis and cannabis use was collected using questionnaires at age 15–16 years. Participants were followed up for ICD-10 psychotic disorders until age 30 years using nationwide registers.ResultsThe risk of psychosis was elevated in individuals who had tried cannabis five times or more (hazard ratio, (HR) = 6.5, 95% CI 3.0–13.9). The association remained statistically significant even when adjusted for prodromal symptoms, other substance use and parental psychosis (HR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.1–8.0).ConclusionsAdolescent cannabis use is associated with increased risk of psychosis even after adjustment for baseline prodromal symptoms, parental psychosis and other substance use.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Marriage and reductions in men's alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (15) ◽  
pp. 2634-2640
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Salvatore ◽  
Charles O. Gardner ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Transition To Marriage

AbstractBackgroundPsychoactive substance use is lower among married compared to divorced or unmarried men; yet, the nature of this effect remains unclear because becoming and staying married is potentially confounded with substance-related background familial and individual factors, like parental divorce and personality. The authors investigated the associations between marital status and substance use; how substance use changed across the transition to marriage; and whether marriage effects were likely to be causal.MethodThe sample included 1790 adults from male–male twin pairs from a population-based registry. Measures of marital status and alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use came from Life History Calendars. Data were analyzed using regression, co-twin comparison, and within-person models. The latter models are tools for quasi-causal inference that control for familial and individual-level confounders.ResultsMarried men used less alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis than men who were divorced/separated or single. In analyses of substance use across the transition to marriage, men reduced their alcohol and cannabis use both before and after marriage, but their tobacco use only after marriage. These effects were largely robust in co-twin and within-person analyses.ConclusionsMarriage was associated with substantial reductions in substance use compared to being divorced/separated or single, and these reductions began prior to marriage. The co-twin comparison and within-person models ruled out the alternative explanation that marriage effects were due to confounding background familial and individual factors. These results provide strong evidence that the social role expectations associated with marriage reduce psychoactive substance use.

scholarly journals Trends of Substance Use among Individuals with Cardiovascular Disease in the United States, 2015–2019

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Yeonwoo Kim ◽  
Sehun Oh ◽  
Paul J. Fadel ◽  
Christopher P. Salas-Wright ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Increasing Trends

Despite the adverse effects of substance use on health among individuals with preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD), little is known about trends and correlates for substance use among individuals with CVD. We examined trends of use in tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis among US adults with heart disease. Using nationally representative data from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 7339), we conducted survey-adjusted logistic regression analyses to test the significance of trends in substance use while controlling for sociodemographic factors and related correlates. Results showed that the prevalence of cannabis use among adults with a heart condition significantly increased. Notably, the prevalence of cannabis use increased by 91% among non-Hispanic Whites, while the increasing trends were not present among other racial/ethnic groups. Our results also showed that increase in cannabis use was associated with easier access, lower disapproval, and risk perceptions of cannabis. Special attention is needed to raise awareness of the risk associated with cannabis use among individuals with CVD and the implementation of an early screening and treatment strategy among those with CVD.

Exploring a causal model in observational cohort data: The role of parents and peers in shaping substance use trajectories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Greenwood ◽  
George Joseph Youssef ◽  
Primrose Letcher ◽  
Elizabeth Spry ◽  
Lauryn Hagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Deviant Peers ◽  
Adolescent Relationships ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Peer Affiliations ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Adolescent Relationship

Aims: To explore the process of applying counterfactual thinking in examining causal predictors of substance use trajectories in observational cohort data. Specifically, we examine the extent to which quality of the parent-adolescent relationship and affiliations with deviant peers are causally related to trajectories of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use across adolescence and into young adulthood. Methods: Data were drawn from the Australian Temperament Project, a population-based cohort study that has followed a sample of young Australians from infancy to adulthood since 1983. Parent-adolescent relationship quality and deviant peer affiliations were assessed at age 13-14 years. Latent curve models were fitted for past month alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use (n = 1,590) from age 15-16 to 27-28 years (5 waves). Confounding factors were selected in line with the counterfactual framework. Results: Following confounder adjustment, higher quality parent-adolescent relationships were associated with lower baseline cannabis use, but not alcohol or tobacco use trajectories. In contrast, affiliations with deviant peers were associated with higher baseline binge drinking, tobacco, and cannabis use, and an earlier peak in the cannabis use trajectory. Conclusions: Confounding adjustments weakened several estimated associations and the interpretation of such associations as causal is not without limitations. Nevertheless, findings suggested causal effects of both parent-adolescent relationships and deviant peer affiliations on the trajectory of substance use. Causal effects were however more pervasive (i.e., more substance types) and protracted for deviant peer affiliations. The current study encourages the exploration of causal relationships in observational cohort data, when relevant limitations are transparently acknowledged.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document