scholarly journals Eco-friendly based Integrated Management Practice against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Prakash Nama ◽  
B.L. Baheti
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Neem Leaves

Abstract AimThe experiment was carried out during two consecutive Kharif seasons to test the combined efficacy of biochemicals i.e. salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and L-arginine each at 2 % w/w as seed treatment and botanicals viz. neem, lantana and parthenium leaves powder each at 5 g per plant for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting cluster bean..Method All treatments applied as soil application at the time of sowing. Before sowing observation on initial nematode population/100 cc soil and at the termination of experiment number of galls/plant, number of egg masses/plant, number of eggs and larvae/egg mass, final nematode population/100 cc soil and yield (q/ha) were recorded. ResultAmong different combinations, minimum nematode population were observed with ascorbic acid at 2 per cent w/w + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant followed by ascorbic acid at 2 per cent + lantana leaves powder at 5 g per plant and salicylic acid at 2 per cent + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant.Conclusion: Results of experiment showed that application of biochemicals along with botanicals significantly reduced galls per plant as compared to untreated check.

Identification of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes having resistance against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Refik Bozbuga ◽  
H. Yildiz Dasgan ◽  
Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽  
Mustafa Imren ◽  
Halil Toktay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Root knot nematodes (<italic>Meloidogyne</italic> spp.) cause immense yield losses in crops throughout the world. Use of resistant germplasms of plants limits the root knot nematode damages. In this study, 87 common bean (<italic>Phaseoulus vulgaris</italic> L.) genotypes were screened against the root knot nematode, <italic>Meloidogyne incognita</italic> to determine the resistance response under growth chamber conditions in Turkey. <italic>P. vulgaris</italic> genotypes were evaluated based on resistance index (RI); root galling severity and nematode egg mass production on a 1-9 scale. The nematode negatively influenced the growth (fresh weight) of bean genotypes. At the completion of the study, 13 bean genotypes were found as immune (Sehirali), highly resistant (TR42164, Seleksiyon 5, Seker Fasulye, Fas-Agadir-Suk-1) and moderately resistant (Acik Badem, TR68587, TR43477, TR53827, TR28018, Gülnar-3, Siyah Fasulye, Kibris Amerikan) against <italic>M. incognita</italic> thus suggesting the use of such genotypes in breeding studies as a parental material to develop the root knot nematode resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Investigating the in vitro and in vivo nematicidal performance of structurally related macrolides against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Radwan ◽  
A.S.A. Saad ◽  
H.A. Mesbah ◽  
H.S. Ibrahim ◽  
M.S. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
New Family

Summary Avermectins and spinosyns are structurally related natural products of microbial origin and belong to a new family of macrolides which are active against a vast array of invertebrate pests. In the present study, the effects of four members of macrolides; abamectin (ABM), emamectin benzoate (EMB), spinosad (SPI) and spinetoram (SPIT), on Meloidogyne incognita were investigated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. All compounds reduced egg hatching and led to high mortality of the nematode second-stage juveniles (J2). ABM showed the maximum rate of egg hatching inhibition and J2 mortality while SPIT recorded the minimum. All treatments reduced the number of galls, egg masses, eggs/egg mass in roots and J2 in the soil when compared to the control. Based on the 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, EMB and ABM exhibited higher percent reduction in galls (79.68 and 71.45%), egg masses (75.19 and 70.54%), eggs/egg mass (60.49 and 40.91%) and J2 in the soil (90.31 and 86.54%), respectively, compared to SPI and SPIT. Significant increase in tomato shoot height occurred in all biopesticides (10 folds) and SPIT (20 folds). SPI at 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, significantly increased root length while ABM at 50 folds and SPIT at 20 folds decreased root length by 5.15% and 5.88%, respectively, compared to the untreated inoculated plants. In all treatments, the dry shoot and root weights increased, compared to the untreated control. Our findings suggest that these macrolides have the ability to regulate nematode population densities and may be an alternative to classical nematicides.

scholarly journals Estimation of avoidable losses caused by Meloidogyne incognita infecting cucumber in poly-house

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Shakti Singh Bhati ◽  
B. L. Baheti
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Present Trial

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a high nutritious and mineral-rich vegetable, which occupies a prominent place as a salad and vegeta-ble. It is being used in many ways in the daily diet of humans and widely cultivated worldwide. The decrease of agricultural land, ad-verse environmental conditions and continuous increase of popula-tion, the demand of nutritious food is a matter of great concern to the world. Protected cultivation is a very effective tool to solve this problem because in this cultivation the productivity of crops is very high as compared to open field conditions. High value crops suc-cessfully grown in protected cultivation, specially vegetables (cu-cumber, tomato, Capsicum etc.) which are highly susceptible to the numerous pests and pathogens, including phyto-parasitic nema-todes (specially root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp.). With this view, present trial was taken to estimate the avoidable losses caused by Meloidogyne incognita infecting cucumber in poly-house situated on farmer’s field with the application of phorate at 2 kg a.i. ha-1 over check. Results exhibited that application of chemical treatment significantly reduced number of galls per 5 g roots, egg masses per 5 g roots, eggs & juveniles per egg mass and final nema-tode population 79.03, 81.10, 30.91 and 56.54%, respectively. Avoidable yield losses were recorded to the tune of 66.84% on cu-cumber by M. incognita in poly-house.

scholarly journals Nematicidal activity of a biopolymer chitosan at different molecular weights against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Khalil ◽  
M.E.I. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan

The nematicidal activity of four molecular weights (2.27 &times; 10<sup>5</sup>, 3.60 &times; 10<sup>5</sup>, 5.97 &times; 10<sup>5</sup>, and 9.47 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> g/mol) of a biopolymer chitosan was assayed against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in vitro and in pot experiments. In laboratory assays, the nematode mortality was significantly influenced by exposure times and chitosan molecular weight. Low molecular weight chitosan (2.27 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> g/mol) was the most effective in killing the nematode with EC<sub>50</sub> of 283.47 and 124.90 mg/l after 24 and 48 h of treatment, respectively. In a greenhouse bioassay, all the compounds mixed in soil at one- and five-fold concentrations of the LC<sub>50</sub> value significantly reduced population, egg mass, and root galling of tomato seedlings compared with the untreated control. In general, the nematicidal activity of these compounds was increased dramatically with a decrease in the molecular weight. The results suggest that the chitosan at low molecular weight may serve as a natural nematicide

scholarly journals Integration of some organic amendments and the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjot Singh Sidhu ◽  
Rambir Singh Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Neem Leaves

Abstract Background Organic amendments are well known for influencing soil nematode community structure, diversities, and activities. Most of the previous studies focused on effects of organic amendments on plant-parasitic nematodes, but only a few investigated the effect of combination of biocontrol agents and organic amendments on soil nematodes. Main body Different organic amendments (neem cake, poultry manure, and neem leaves) were combined with the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in cucumber. Organic amendments were mixed in pots containing 1 kg soil, 15 days before sowing. Cucumber (cv. CCH-1) plants grown in these pots were inoculated by 2000 J2 of M. incognita and 400 F. composticola per pot, after 1 week of germination. Fictor composticola in combination with chicken manure + neem cake + neem leaves was found the best mixture for reducing the number of galls, egg masses, and final root-knot nematode population. The predator’s population reached the maximum in this treatment. All combinations of organic amendments in the presence of F. composticola were found significantly superior over inoculated check in reducing nematode’s population and in improving plant growth over the un-inoculated check. Conclusions Data indicated the suitability of using the predatory nematode, F. composticola, and organic amendments for potential use in sustainable nematode management strategies.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Eight Herbs to Common Root-Knot Nematodes

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-103
Author(s):  
Jerry T. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Herb Species

Abstract Eight herb species were inoculated with two common species of root-knot nematode and grown for 2 months in a greenhouse. Root systems were examined for galls and egg mass production. All herb species were susceptible but developed fewer galls and had lower gall indices than Rutgers tomato. Burnet, chives, valerian and winter savory had few galls or low gall indices. Eggs were produced on all. Chamomile had a high gall index. Chicory, parsley, and sorrel had intermediate indices. Herbs were equally susceptible to the southern (Meloidogyne incognita) and peanut root-knot nematodes (M. arenaria), particularly at the highest inoculum densities. Mean dry weights of inoculated herbs were not always significantly less than the non-inoculated plants, suggesting that some herbs may be tolerant to root-knot nematodes.

scholarly journals Estimation of Yield Loss of Cowpea, [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] with Reaction Response of Few Genotypes against Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White), Chitwood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mondal Ghosh ◽  
Khumbar Debbarma ◽  
G. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Parental Material ◽  
House Condition ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Background: Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita is one of the main biotic constraints in reducing the quantity and quality of the cowpea crop in most of the growing areas of the world. The nematode produces galls on roots and disrupt the physiology of the plant by reducing crop yield and product quality and are therefore of great economic importance.Methods: Studies were conducted to estimate the yield loss of cowpea in field condition along with evaluation of few genotypes under net house condition against root knot nematode based on gall index, reaction response and number of egg masses/ 5 g of root at Directorate of Research, BCKV, West Bengal. Estimation of cowpea yield loss was conducted with the parameter of mean yield, percentage avoidable and increase in yield, Root Knot Index (RKI in 1-5 scale) and final nematode population reduction. Result: Under treated condition, cowpea yield was significantly increased ranging from 10.93 to 14.58% with 37.19 to 38.17% reduction of nematode population. The range of avoidable yield loss was 9.85 to 12.72%. In response reaction, 28 genotypes were found as moderately resistant. Local cowpea cultivar, Kashikanchan may be avoided at nematode infection area due to its high susceptibility and the moderately resistant genotypes may be suggested for the use in future breeding studies as a parental material to develop the root knot nematode resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals A Technique for Screening Grape Germplasm for Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1052-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Cousins ◽  
M. A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Highly Correlated

A technique to evaluate the root-knot nematode resistance of grape seedlings was developed. Seedlings of rootstock crosses and nematode-susceptible Vitis vinifera cvs. Colombard and Carignane were inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita juveniles. Reproduction of nematodes on individual plants was measured by counting the number of egg masses stained with eosin and the number of eggs present. Egg mass counts were highly correlated with egg counts. Resistant and susceptible cultivars could be clearly distinguished by the number of egg masses produced on vegetatively propagated cuttings. It is concluded that egg mass counting can substitute for the more laborious and time-consuming methods of counting nematode eggs or juveniles in the evaluation of root-knot nematode resistance in Vitis.

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