scholarly journals How Does China Promote Integrated Care Development? A Policy Content Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yue ◽  
Lihang Liu ◽  
Zhiqiang Song
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Delivery Networks ◽  
Financial Allocation

Abstract Background: Multiple countries' experiences have illustrated that integrated care is an ideal choice regarding improving the quality of health care. In China, the central government has enacted a large number of policies to promote the development of integrated care in recent years. Yet, no existing research has examined how these policies to support the development of integrated care. In this paper we seek to address that gap. Methods: Document content analysis method was used in this paper. Data were collected by carrying out a review of integrated care policies (N=21) published from January 2015 to December 2020. The policy documents of integrated care issued by central governments are retrieved through the Internet. IHSDNSs (Integrated Health Service Delivery Networks)’s essential attributes framework was used to guide data analysis. Results: The most commonly referenced principal domains of integrated care in China were model of care, there were 45 references to the organization and management, financial allocation and incentives was the least often referenced source of information. The main purpose of reference to information was to support the reform of integrated care decision-making. Conclusions: A whole range of policies on integrated care were issued in a relatively short time. These policies propose a macro conceptual and operational framework for the development of integrated care. The development of integrated care has been mainly driven by the policy stimulus in China. However, the concrete measures still need clear negotiation and management by the local municipalities. Future policy should improve complementary policies such as financial allocation and financial incentive policy.

scholarly journals Maternal Health Policy Priorities in Pakistan: A Content Analysis of Policy Documents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakeezah Sadaat ◽  
Shahzadi Zain ◽  
Bismah Jameel ◽  
Rida Shaikh ◽  
Brittany Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Maternal Health Service ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Maternal Health Policy

Abstract Background: Despite numerous improvements in the health care system of Pakistan in the past few decades, many disparities continue to persist between health care policies and practices in comparison to developed nations, particularly in the area of maternal health. Despite a 181% increase in expenditure, Pakistan did not meet its target to reduce child mortality and improve maternal health by 2015, causing these disparities to further widen. Methods: We sought to investigate the policymaking process of Pakistan by conducting a content analysis of 34 policy documents pertaining to maternal health service delivery. Results: We found a number of gaps, priorities, and determinants for health policymaking. The most commonly discussed themes were the following: Measures of Burden, System and Organizational Capacity, Access and Availability of Health Services, Policy and Planning, Gaps and Needs, and Socioeconomic Factors. Integrated care and opioid use were seldom mentioned in included policy documents. Conclusions: We discuss the reasons that might explain why Pakistan has not observed an improvement in maternal health outcomes despite significant investment. We use path dependency to explain that drawbacks of health care priority-setting processes in Pakistan. We suggest a refocus on identifying and improving health disparities between communities. We also suggest research and policy attention on integrated care and opioid use in Pakistan.

Territorial Inequality in Health Service Delivery: Lessons from Latin America’s Federations

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-43
Author(s):  
Agustina Giraudy ◽  
Jennifer Pribble
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inequality In Health ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Latin American Countries

ABSTRACTAccess to quality healthcare varies across the national territory inside Latin American countries, with some subnational units enjoying higher-quality care than others. Such territorial inequality is consequential, as residents of particular regions face shorter life spans and an increased risk of preventable disease. This article analyzes trajectories of territorial healthcare inequality across time in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The data reveal a large decline in Brazil, a moderate decline in Mexico, and low levels of change followed by a moderate decline in Argentina. The article argues that two factors account for these distinct trajectories: the nature of the coalition that pushed health decentralization forward and the existence of mechanisms for central government oversight and management.

scholarly journals In-Company Training In Tourism: The Case of the Domotel Hotels and Resorts

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Brinia ◽  
Klepkou Chryssi-Alexandra
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
And Training

The purpose of this research is to investigate the DOMOTEL group of companies, on planning, organization and management of the Domotel internal academy programs as well as the results of the in-company training. The type of this research is the case study, and the data have been processed by the method of content analysis. It was found that the in-house Domotel Academy programs are designed, organized and evaluated through specific procedures. The education and training of employees is under the responsibility of the company whose aim and purpose is the continuous training of the workforce, the performance improvement and the compliance with the labor standards of the Domotel group of companies which consequently will lead to profitability. The originality of the research lies in the fact that the research in the tourism sector which engages the in-company training is little. 

Fiscal decentralization in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Im Gon Cho
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
National Government ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
High Level

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to make policy recommendations for the current fiscal decentralization discussion by examining the operating mechanisms of local taxes, unconditional grants, and conditional grants within the fiscal relationships between the national government and local governments in Korea. Design/methodology/approach After examining the current fiscal relationships between the national government and the local governments, this paper analyzes trends of local taxes, unconditional grants from both national and high-level local governments, and conditional grants from both national and high-level (or provincial level) local governments between 2002 and 2015. Local governments are classified into high-level local governments, and three types of low-level local governments are: si, kun, and ku. Findings Since the structure of local government finances in Korea is very complicatedly intertwined, the present decentralization discussion regarding increasing the share of local tax revenues may not achieve its purpose of fiscal decentralization. The authorities in charge of revenue allocation should be first decentralized at high-level local governments; high-level local governments should then arrange unconditional and conditional grants from high-level local governments to low-level local governments while taking into consideration unconditional and conditional grants from the national government to low-level governments. Originality/value The dichotomy between the central government and local municipalities has been utilized in the existing discussion regarding fiscal decentralization in Korea, but this study highlights the important resource allocation roles of high-level local governments.

scholarly journals Small- and medium-sized enterprises and public procurement: A review of the UK coalition government's policies and their impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Loader
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Monitoring Progress

This paper examines the public procurement policy towards small- and medium-sized enterprises adopted by the UK coalition government during its five-year term of office from May 2010 to May 2015. First, it determines the policy instruments that have been implemented; second, it tracks policy development throughout the period and, third, it considers measurement and assessment of policy outcomes. Finally, it discusses the direction and nature of the policy development and considers implications for future policy development and further research. The paper found that the coalition government had actively and consistently pursued the policy of improving small- and medium-sized enterprise access to public procurement throughout the parliament. It determined that the coalition government had advanced the UK's intervention approach by its efforts in monitoring progress against some targets and, especially, by its increased use of regulation. As the legislation was introduced at the end of the period of office, it has been too early to consider how effectively the new requirements are being implemented, but the need to consider compliance and enforcement is identified. An aspirational target to spend 25% with small- and medium-sized enterprises was ostensibly met by central government departments but there is a need to develop better ways of measuring and collecting data. Finally, the evidence has revealed a low level of awareness of the initiatives amongst the target small- and medium-sized enterprise audience.

scholarly journals Hospitals in Integrated Health Service Delivery Networks: Strategic Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
The People ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
Care Technology ◽  
Delivery Network

In 2007, PAHO launched the Integrated Health Service Delivery Network (IHSDN) initiative to address the problems derived from the fragmentation of health services and to overcome the structural problems stemming from the widespread segmentation of health systems in the countries of the Region. In the IHSDN initiative, hospitals are an aggregate of specialized institutions that support a highly effective first level of care. Hospitals themselves are defragmented, which is theoretically correct, innovative, and even visionary. However, the IHSDN initiative does not seek to diminish the influence of hospitals in the health system or the importance of their role, but to integrate these institutions so that all their efforts are aligned with the needs of the people and communities they serve through the development of IHSDNs. It is obvious that without hospitals there can be no IHSDNs; however, it should also be recognized that without effective networks, hospitals cannot do their job. The IHSDN initiative presents a change in the role assigned to hospitals, in which they are no longer considered the apex of a pyramid in which the hierarchy is based on specialization to successfully treat disease. Instead, the hospital becomes a very important participant in a service organized as a network, performing specific tasks in a series of processes that cut repeatedly across the health service delivery network and include the participation of individuals and communities. The product of an intense debate and joint effort, this work contains a series of proposals in the six areas considered a priority for developing the new role of hospitals in IHSDNs: governance, resource allocation and incentives, the model of care, technology and infrastructure, human resources, and organization and management.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Implementation of Foreign Innovations in Organization and Management of Health Service Delivery in China: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxing Wang ◽  
Jeroen van Wijngaarden ◽  
Hujie Wang ◽  
Martina Buljac-Samardzic ◽  
Shasha Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Factors Influencing

Background: China has been encouraged to learn from international innovations in the organization and management of health service delivery to achieve the national health reform objectives. However, the success and effectiveness of implementing innovations is affected by the interactions of innovations with the Chinese context. Our aim is to synthesize evidence on factors influencing the implementation of non-Chinese innovations in organization and management of health service delivery in mainland China.Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched seven databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 2009 and 2020. Data were analyzed and combined to generate a list of factors influencing the implementation of foreign innovations in China. The factors were classified in the categories context, system, organization, innovation, users, resources, and implementation process.Results: The 110 studies meeting the inclusion criteria revealed 33 factors. Most supported by evidence is the factor integration in organizational policies, followed by the factors motivation & incentives and human resources. Some factors (e.g., governmental policies & regulations) were mentioned in multiple studies with little or no evidence.Conclusion: Evidence on factors influencing the implementation of foreign innovations in organization and management of health service delivery is scarce and of limited quality. Although many factors identified in this review have also been reported in reviews primarily considering Western literature, this review suggests that extrinsic motivation, financial incentives, governmental and organizational policies & regulations are more important while decentralization was found to be less important in China compare to Western countries. In addition, introducing innovations in rural China seems more challenging than in urban China, because of a lack of human resources and the more traditional rural culture.

The development of integration in the elderly care sector: a qualitative analysis of national policies and local initiatives in France and Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1022-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
BLANCHE LE BIHAN ◽  
ALIS SOPADZHIYAN
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Health And Social Care

ABSTRACTDue to a significant increase in the complexity of the care demands of older people having multiple care needs, the necessity for integrated care is increasingly acknowledged. Proposing a qualitative approach based on a secondary literature analysis and an empirical survey, this paper explores the integration policy of health and social care for older people having complex needs in two European countries – France and Sweden – where various policy measures aiming at developing and delivering integrated care can be identified: at the national level, through the supportive measures of organisational, institutional and/or professional integration from central government, and at the local level, with the implementation of concrete integrative initiatives. Using a comparative qualitative approach, the authors investigate both of these levels, as well as the interplay between them. They show the importance of this double – local and national – approach of the issue of integration and highlight the continuous negotiation process which underlies the integration activities. Local integration initiatives are in fact constantly reshaped by top-down and bottom-up dynamics which appear to be strongly interconnected.

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