Technical Feasibility of Biodiesel Production From Waste Cooking Oil: Comparison Between Electric Heating and Microwave Heating Process
Abstract Base-catalyzed transesterification and conversion of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel is a renewable energy production technology with a wide range of applications. The most commonly used heating method is electric heating (EH). Microwave heating (MW) has the characteristics of high heat transfer efficiency and short preheating time, and has recently received attention in this field.This study compared effects of the alkali-catalyzed transesterification reaction of WCO under EH and MW processes. The maximum biodiesel yield of EH process appeared when the reaction temperature is 60 °C, the reaction time is 30 min, the molar ratio of alcohol to oil is 6:1, and the catalyst concentration is 1.0%, up to 93.4%. The maximum biodiesel yield obtained from MW technique is 80.66%, under the condition of 200W, 5min, 1wt. % KOH and the methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1. The activation energy for CH and MW process are found to be 6 768 J·mol-1 and 503.4 J·mol-1, respectively. Microwave heating greatly reduced the activation energy of the reaction, as well as transesterification yield. Compared with other biodiesel producing process, EH process in this study has the advantages of high speed and low production cost, while biodiesel yield is slightly insufficient. This is likely due to the small amount of un-removed moisture contained in the WCO.