Effect of coagulation time on the concentration of epitheliotrophic components of autologous serum.

Abstract Background: To know the influence of coagulation time on the concentration of epitheliotropic factors of autologous serum.Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional and experimental study was conducted evaluating the concentrations of epitheliotropic factors in the serum of 20 healthy volunteers over 18 years of age, who did not suffer from diseases or took any medication or with a history of blood transfusion in the last year, those with diagnosis of anemia, coagulation diseases or another situation that contraindicates the sampling were excluded. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and Fibronectin were quantified in the various undiluted serum samples by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: 65% were male with an average age of 22.7 ± 5.47 years (range 19 to 45 years). Age was similar in both groups (p = 0.87), men had an average age of 22.85 ± 6.84 years and women 22.43 ± 1.13 years. Vitamin A and Fibronectin did not have a statistically significant difference of concentration at 2 and 24 hours, while the concentration of TGF-β1 had a statistically significant decrease as the clot formation time increased (average 0.22 range, 0.003,0.451), opposite, the EGF increased its concentration statistically significantly with the longer coagulation time (average -0.39 range, -0.60, -0.18).Conclusions: a prolonged clotting time (24 hours) have a significant impact on the composition and epitheliotrophic factors of the serum, increasing the EGF concentrations, and lowering the TGF-β1.

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Platelet-Rich Plasma Powder: A New Preparation Method for the Standardization of Growth Factor Concentrations

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546516674475 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 954-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Matthias Kieb ◽

Frank Sander ◽

Cornelia Prinz ◽

Stefanie Adam ◽

Anett Mau-Möller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Tgf Β1

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in sports medicine. Available PRP preparations differ in white blood cell, platelet, and growth factor concentrations, making standardized research and clinical application challenging. Purpose: To characterize a newly standardized procedure for pooled PRP that provides defined growth factor concentrations. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A standardized growth factor preparation (lyophilized PRP powder) was prepared using 12 pooled platelet concentrates (PCs) derived from different donors via apheresis. Blood samples and commercially available PRP (SmartPrep-2) served as controls (n = 5). Baseline blood counts were analyzed. Additionally, single PCs (n = 5) were produced by standard platelet apheresis. The concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor AB (PDGF-AB), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), interleukin (IL)–1α, IL-1β, and IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, mean differences, 95% CIs, and P values (analysis of variance). Results: All growth factor preparation methods showed elevated concentrations of the growth factors VEGF, bFGF, PDGF-AB, and TGF-β1 compared with those of whole blood. Large interindividual differences were found in VEGF and bFGF concentrations. Respective values (mean ± SD in pg/mL) for whole blood, SmartPrep-2, PC, and PRP powder were as follows: VEGF (574 ± 147, 528 ± 233, 1087 ± 535, and 1722), bFGF (198 ± 164, 410 ± 259, 151 ± 99, and 542), PDGF-AB (2394 ± 451, 17,846 ± 3087, 18,461 ± 4455, and 23,023), and TGF-β1 (14,356 ± 4527, 77,533 ± 13,918, 68,582 ± 7388, and 87,495). IGF-1 was found in SmartPrep-2 (1539 ± 348 pg/mL). For PC (2266 ± 485 pg/mL), IGF-1 was measured at the same levels of whole blood (2317 ± 711 pg/mL) but was not detectable in PRP powder. IL-1α was detectable in whole blood (111 ± 35 pg/mL) and SmartPrep-2 (119 ± 44 pg/mL). Conclusion: Problems with PRP such as absent standardization, lack of consistency among studies, and black box dosage could be solved by using characterized PRP powder made by pooling and lyophilizing multiple PCs. The new PRP powder opens up new possibilities for PRP research as well as for the treatment of patients. Clinical Relevance: The preparation of pooled PRP by means of lyophilization may allow physicians to apply a defined amount of growth factors by using a defined amount of PRP powder. Moreover, PRP powder as a dry substance with no need for centrifugation could become ubiquitously available, thus saving time and staff resources in clinical practice. However, before transferring the results of this basic science study to clinical application, regulatory issues have to be cleared.

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Hubungan Kadar Urine Transforming Growth Factor-1 dengan Rasio Albumin Kreatinin Urin dan Nilai Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada Pria Perokok

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.5.2.2017.17328 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

. Yuswanto ◽

Emma S. Moeis ◽

Maarthen C.P. Wongkar

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship ◽

Egfr Decline ◽

Tgf Β1

Abstract: Smoking can augment the risk for kidney disease by increasing the expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the kidneys (uTGF-β1). Early glomerular dysfunction in smokers can be evaluated by measuring albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio/uACR), which generally appears before a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This study was aimed to determine the relationship between smoking and the level of eGFR through changes in levels of uTGF-β1 and uACR among male smokers compared to non-smokers. This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design conducted at Pineleng Subdistrict, Manado. Subjects of this study were 80 males (40 smokers and 40 non-smokers). The results showed significant differences in levels of uTGF-β1 and uACR among smokers compared to non-smokers (P values 0.003 and 0.012). The correlation test showed significant correlations between the increase in uACR levels and the decrease in eGFR levels (P = 0.019), as well as the duration of smoking and the increase in uTGF-β1 levels (P = 0.000). There was no significant association (P = 0.470) between smoking and the risk of decreased eGFR level (PR = 0.704). Therefore, smoking cannot be used as a predictor of eGFR decline. Conclusion: There were no correlations between uTGF-β1 and uACR as well as uTGF-β1 and eLFG.Keywords: Urine Transforming Growth Factor-β1, uACR, GFR, smokersAbstrak: Merokok dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit ginjal melalui peningkatan ekspresi Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pada ginjal (uTGF-β1). Gangguan glomerular dini pada perokok dapat dievaluasi dengan pengukuran albuminuria (rasio albumin kreatinin urin/RAKU), yang umumnya muncul sebelum terjadi penurunan estimasi laju filtrasi glomerulus (eLFG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan merokok dengan nilai eLFG melalui perubahan kadar uTGF-β1 dan RAKU pada pria perokok dibanding non-perokok. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Pineleng, Manado. Subyek penelitian yaitu 80 pria (40 perokok dan 40 non-perokok). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna kadar uTGF-β1 dan RAKU antara perokok dibanding non-perokok (P = 0,003 dan 0,012). Terdapat hubungan bermakna (P = 0,470) antara merokok dan risiko penurunan eLFG (PR = 0,704). Tidak terdapat perbedaan eLFG antara subyek perokok dan non-perokok. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar uTGF-β1 dan RAKU. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar uTGF-β1 dan nilai eLFG. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama merokok dan peningkatan kadar uTGF-β1, namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama merokok dengan RAKU dan nilai eLFG. Peningkatan RAKU pada perokok berkorelasi dengan peningkatan nilai eLFG. Karena itu merokok tidak dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor penurunan eLFG. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar uTGF-β1 baik dengan RAKU maupun nilai eLFG.Kata kunci: Urine Transforming Growth Factor-β1, RAKU, LFG, perokok

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA KADAR TGF-Β1 DENGAN KADAR ALBUMIN DALAM URIN PASIEN DM TIPE-2 DENGAN NEFROPATI DIABETIK

JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ◽

10.22437/jmj.v7i1.7070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 73-81

Author(s):

Elfiani Elfiani ◽

Rita Halim ◽

M Haldian Hakir

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Integrin Linked Kinase ◽

Tgf Β1

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes in the kidney that frequently causes terminal kidney disease. This kidney disease caused by diabetes is a syndrome characterized by albumin in urine (albuminuria). Growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1) is a multifunctional cytokine that controls many biological processes, including immunity, differentiation, tumor suppression, tumor metastasis, aging, migration, wound healing, apoptosis, adipogenesis, and osteogenesis. Previous studies had showed that TGF-β1 plays a role in albuminuria, where TGF-β1 expression in the kidney increases in diabetes patients. Elevation of cytokine level, especially transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) that induces the increase of several extra cellular matrices (ECM), i.e. fibronectin, integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and type IV collagen. This TGF-β1 activity causes the accumulation of ECM, which leads to thickened glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Thickening of GBM and changes in kidney structure in the form of hypertrophy and reduced glomerular podocytes caused by apoptosis and attachment in GBM causes protein components to exit through urine (albuminuria). This study aimed to prove the correlation between transforming growth factor-β1 and albumin level in urine of diabetic nephropathy. Metode : This study a observasional with desain Cross-sectional comparative study. Results: Mean TGF-β1 level in type 2 DM patients with diabetic nephropathy in this study was 47.30 ± 14.70 ng/ml, with similar value between men and women with 43.1 ng/ml and 44.7 ng/ml, respectively. Out of 60 type 2 DM participants with ND, the mean albuminuria level according to ACR was 722.53 ± 1854.96 mg/g. The result of male participants was lower compared to female participants, with 667.8 mg/mg and 777.2 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion: There was insignificant correlation between TGF-β1 in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and albumin level in urine measured using albumin and urine creatinine ratio (ACR) (p = 0.066). Keywords: Diabetic Nephropathy, Albuminuria, TGF-β1 ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Nefropati diabetik (ND) merupakan komplikasi diabetes pada ginjal yang paling sering menyebabkan terjadinya penyakit ginjal terminal. Penyakit ginjal akibat diabetes ini merupakan sindroma dengan karakteristik terdapatnya albumin dalam urine (albuminuria). Faktor pertumbuhan-β1 (TGF-β1) adalah sebuah sitokin multifungsi yang mengendalikan banyak proses biologis termasuk kekebalan, diferensiasi, tumor supresi, tumor metastasis, penuaan, migrasi, penyembuhan luka, apoptosis, adipogenesis, dan osteogenesis. Sejumlah penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa TGF-β1 berperan terhadap terjadinya albuminuria, dimana pasien diabetes didapatkan ekspresi TGF-β1 di ginjal meningkat. Peningkatan kadar cytokine terutama Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGF-β1) yang menginduksi peningkatan beberapa Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) antara lain fibronectin, integrin-linked kinase (ILK) dan collagen tipe-IV. Aktifitas TGF-β1 ini menyebabkan akumulasi ECM sehingga terjadi penebalan Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM). Penebalan dari GBM dan terjadinya perubahan struktur ginjal berupa hipertrofi dan berkurangnya sel-sel podocyte glomerulus akibat kerusakan (apoptosis) dan perlengketan di GBM menyebabkan komponen protein keluar melalui urin (albuminuria). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan hubungan antara kadar transforming growth factor-β1 dengan kadar albumin dalam urin pada Nefropati Diabetik. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Observasional dengan desain Cross-sectional comparative study. Hasil : Kadar rata-rata TGF-β1 pasien DM tipe-2 dengan Nefropati Diabetik pada penelitian ini adalah 47,30 ± 14,70 ng/ml, tidak jauh berbeda antara laki-laki yaitu 43,1 ng/ml dengan perempuan 44,7 ng/ml. Dari 60 orang responden DM tipe-2 dengan ND pada penelitian ini didapatkan kadar albuminuria rata-rata berdasarkan ACR adalah 722,53 ± 1854,96 mg/g. Responden laki-laki lebih rendah dibanding perempuan yaitu 667,8 mg/g berbanding 777,2 mg/g. Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara TGF-β1 pada Nefropati Diabetik (ND) dengan kadar albumin dalam urin yang dihitung berdasarkan rasio albumin dan creatinin urin (ACR) (p=0,066). Kata Kunci : Nefropati Diabetik, Albuminuria, TGF-β1

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Glutathione S-Transferase Omega-2 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polymorphisms in Iranian Glaucoma Patients

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/1061650 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Shahram Bamdad ◽

Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi ◽

Marzieh Alamolhoda ◽

Nasrin Masihpour ◽

Mohammad-Hossein Karimi

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Control Group ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Tgf Β1

Background. To investigate the association of glutathione s-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) (142N > D) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (869T > C) gene polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of two common types of glaucoma (including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG)) in the Iranian population. Methods. A total of 100 glaucoma patients (60% males and 40% females with an age mean ± SD of 34.66 ± 14.25 years; 56 cases of POAG and 44 cases of CACG) were enrolled in this study. GSTO2 (142N > D) and TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR-based methods in patients and controls. Results. At locus GSTO2 (142N > D), the odds of ND genotype with respect to DD and NN genotypes were 1.55 and 2.08 times higher in POAG and CACG patients compared to those of patients in the control group (95% CI1: 0.80–2.98; 95% CI2: 1.00–4.33) which was statistically significant in CACG patients. However, the odds of DD and NN genotypes against the reference genotype in two patients group were not statistically significant as compared to those of patients in the control group. There was a significant association between the ND genotype and male patients (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.06–4.92). The analysis of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms showed no significant difference between the genotypes of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms in patients and control groups; however, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 significantly differed between female controls and patients (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.96). Conclusion. The presented results revealed that there was a significant association between the ND genotype of GSTO2 and the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Furthermore, this genotype can be considered as a sex-dependent genetic risk factor for the development of glaucoma. In contrast, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 is suggested to be a protective genetic factor against the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

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Transforming Growth Factor β1 and Tropoelastin Expression in Uterine Prolapse

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v4i2.78 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Alvilusia Alvilusia ◽

Amir Fauzi ◽

Azhari Azhari ◽

Wresnindyatsih Wresnindyatsih ◽

Irsan Saleh

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Uterine Prolapse ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Moderate Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Growth Factor Beta ◽

Tgf Β1

Objective: To know the correlation of the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and tropoelastin in uterine prolapse. Method: A cross-sectional study of 30 subjects suffered from uterine prolapse in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Mohammad Hoesin hospital Palembang. The study was conducted since December 1st, 2014 until July 31st, 2015. The sample was from the sacrouterine ligament and immunohistochemical examination was conducted to see the expression of TGF-β1 and tropoelastin. Result: Of the 30 subjects obtained, the expression of TGF-β1 was on 30 subjects consisting of 18 (60%) for weak expression and 12 (40%) for strong expression. Meanwhile, the strong tropoelastin expression was on 18 subjects (60%) and weak tropoelastin expression on 12 subjects (40%). There was a positive correlation between TGF-β1 and tropoelastin expression with moderate correlation (p=0.014; r=0.44). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the TGF-β1 and tropoelastin expression of sacrouterine ligament in uterine prolapse with moderate correlation. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 4-2: 70-74] Keywords: transforming Growth Factor Beta 1, tropoelastin, uterine prolapse

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Manipulation of the Fascial System Applied During Acute Inflammation of the Connective Tissue of the Thoracolumbar Region Affects Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Interleukin-4 Levels: Experimental Study in Mice

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2020.587373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Elisa Duarte França ◽

Larissa Sinhorim ◽

Daniel Fernandes Martins ◽

Robert Schleip ◽

Nicolas A. M. M. Machado-Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Neutrophil Migration ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Interleukin 4 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽

Thoracolumbar Region ◽

Tgf Β1

Fascia can become rigid and assume a fibrotic pattern due to inflammatory processes. Manipulation of the fascial system (MFS), manual technique targeting connective tissues, is commonly used in clinical practice in pain management. We aimed to verify MFS effects on the connective tissue inflammatory changes in mice. Swiss Mus musculus male mice (n = 44) were distributed into groups: carrageenan without treatment (Car, n = 11), carrageenan with MFS (Car + MFS, n = 12), saline without treatment (n = 10), and saline with MFS (saline + MFS, n = 11). Interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) levels were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neutrophil (Ly-6G), macrophage (F4/80), and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) were identified using Western blot. The MFS protocol was applied from the first to the third day after inflammation of the connective tissue of the thoracolumbar region. There was a significant MFS effect on IL-4 (p = 0.02) and TGF-β1 (p = 0.04), without increasing MCP-1, TNF, and IL-6 levels (p > 0.05) on thoracolumbar region from Car + MFS, in comparison with saline. Ly-6G in Car + MFS presented lower levels when compared with saline (p = 0.003) or saline + MFS (0.003). NOS-2 levels were lower in Car + MFS than in saline + MFS (p = 0.0195) or saline (p = 0.003). MFS may have an anti-inflammatory effect, based on TGF-β1 and IL-4. IL-4 may have inhibited neutrophil migration. Lower levels of NOS-2 may be linked to the lack of macrophages, which are responsible for NOS-2 expression.

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Different effects of soybean isoflavone genistein on transforming growth factor levels during orthodontic tooth movement among young and old rabbits

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.21211.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 2074

Author(s):

Verastuti Indriasari ◽

Sri Suparwitri ◽

Christnawati Christnawati ◽

Ananto Ali Alhasyimi

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Bone Apposition ◽

Standard Curve ◽

Tgf Β1

Background: Orthodontic treatment to improve aesthetics and for health reasons is performed in children and adults. Elderly individuals have low levels of estrogen, this results in alveolar bone resorption being greater than alveolar bone apposition. Isoflavones present in soybeans may be able to improve the remodeling process through the induction of osteoblastogenesis by increasing transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels. This study aimed to assess the comparative effect of soybean genistein isoflavone to TGF-β1 during orthodontic tooth movement among juvenile and adult rabbits. Methods: In this study, 12 healthy female rabbits were used. Subjects were divided into four groups (n=3); YG group (young rabbits), YGI group (young rabbits + isoflavones genistein), OG group (old rabbits), and OGI group (old rabbits + isoflavones genistein). Two lower incisors of the rabbit were moved distally using an orthodontic force (50 grams force) delivered by an open coil spring, which was inserted between two brackets. During active movements, the genistein isoflavones were given from the initial installation of the device until days 21, at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg BW once a day. Measurement of TGF-β levels were performed on days 1, 7, 14, 21 after appliance installation. TGF-β1 expression was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the optical density (OD) of the sample quantifed using a standard curve. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way Anova followed by Tukey HSD test. Results: The TGF-β1 levels were found to highest in the YGI group, and the TGF-β levels were significantly lower in the OG group (p<0.05). ELISA analysis also revealed that TGF-β1 levels of the OGI group were significantly higher when compared with the OG group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The administration of soybean genistein isoflavones could improve TGF-β1 levels in old rabbit’s during active orthodontic tooth movement.

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RANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β1 IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: PATHOGENETIC, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS (LITERATURE REWIEW AND OWN RESULTS)

Asthma and allergy ◽

10.31655/2307-3373-2021-2-34-42 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (2) ◽

pp. 34-42

Author(s):

V. V. Kachkovska ◽

A. V. Kovchun ◽

A. M. Bondarkova ◽

L. N. Prystupa

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Airway Remodeling ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Key Words Bronchial Asthma ◽

Tgf Β1

The goal of our research was to analyze the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1 ) in airway remodeling, inflammation, clinical course, treatment efficacy in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) according to the literature data, as well as determination of this biomarkers level in the blood of BA patients. Material and research methods. The publications is containing the results of studies on the role of TGF-β1 in the course of BA have been analyzed. The level of TGF-β1 in the blood was determined within enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using kits “IBL International GMBH, Germany” in 553 BA patients and in 95 healthy individuals. Results. The article presents data about TGF-β1 influence on the processes of airway remodeling in BA patients, its role in microcirculation disorders, mucus production, eosinophilic inflammation and severity of clinical symptoms of the disease. The level of TGF-β1 expression was associated with disease control, severity and duration of the disease, despite conflicting data that require further study. In addition, there were presented recent research data about TGF-β1 as a marker of airway remodeling and as a therapeutic target in the treatment of BA patients. Glucocorticoids, tiotropium bromide, methylxanthines, selective inhibitors of TGF-β1 , resveratrol, simvastatin and montelukast and their mechanisms of influence were presented in detail. Significantly higher level of TGF-β1 in the blood of patients with BA was found (38.5 ± 0.7) pg/ml compared with healthy individuals (33.9 ± 1.0) pg /ml, p = 0.007. Conclusion. A significantly higher level of TGF-β1 was revealed in the blood of BA patients. In our opinion, a differentiated analysis of the content of this marker depending on the phenotype of the disease is important, which would explain the conflicting results of different studies, deepen understanding of its pathophysiological and clinical role in order to develop methods for slowing airway remodeling. Key words: bronchial asthma, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), airway remodeling.

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Protective Effects of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Knockdown in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1159/000505311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 79-87

Author(s):

Hongwei Chen ◽

Li Chen ◽

Dongcheng Xie ◽

Jianxing Niu

Keyword(s):

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Beneficial Effect ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽

Tgf Β1

Background: Emerging evidence indicates a beneficial effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Chronic hydrocephalus is a common complication after SAH, which is associated with subarachnoid fibrosis promoted by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). This study investigated the effect of human umbilical cord derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) with TGF-β1 knockdown on chronic hydrocephalus after SAH. Methods: About 0.5 mL autologous blood was injected into the cerebellomedullaris cistern of 6-week SD rats to establish SAH model. hUC-MSCs or hUC-MSCs carrying TGF-β1 knockdown (1 × 105 cells) were intraventricularly transplanted at 1 day before surgery and at P10. Neurological behavior score and water maze test were performed to assess neurological functions. Hydrocephalus was evaluated by Nissl staining. Concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, and Smad2/3 were measured using western blotting. Results: Intraventricular hUC-MSCs transplantation significantly attenuated SAH-induced chronic hydrocephalus, upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, and behavioral impairment. Knockdown of TGF-β1 in hUC-MSCs enhanced these effects. hUC-MSCs also reduced the upregulation of TGF-β1 levels and Smad2/3 phosphorylation after SAH, and this effect was also enhanced by TGF-β1 knockdown. Conclusion: Transplantation of hUC-MSCs exerts beneficial effect after SAH, possibly be through inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Knockdown of TGF-β1 in hUC-MSCs enhanced these effects.

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Effects of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Renal Extracellular Matrix Components and Their Regulating Proteins

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.v10102109 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2109-2119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JULIE A. DOUTHWAITE ◽

TIMOTHY S. JOHNSON ◽

JOHN L. HAYLOR ◽

PHIL WATSON ◽

A. MEGUID EL NAHAS

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽

Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Extracellular Matrix Components ◽

Tgf Β1

Abstract. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is widely regarded as a potent fibrogenic renal growth factor. In cell culture, TGF-β1 has been shown to increase various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP), while decreasing matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), providing the optimum environment for progressive ECM accumulation. This study, which uses the isolated perfused rat kidney (IPRK), describes for the first time in a whole kidney preparation the action of TGF-β1 on factors associated with ECM processing. This model allows the study of the intact rat kidney with physiologic cell-cell interactions in the absence of confounding systemic influences. Left kidneys were removed from male Wistar rats by a nonischemic technique and perfused with a sterile, apyrogenic, endotoxin-free perfusate, based on the plasma volume expander Hemaccel (polygeline), at constant pressure in a recirculating IPRK system. Kidneys were perfused for 1 h either with (n = 3) or without (n = 3) recombinant human TGF-β1 (20 ng/ml). The effects of perfusion were controlled by comparison with the nonperfused contralateral kidney (n = 6). TGF-β1 was measured in the perfusate and urine, at the start and end of the experiment using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to its biologically active form. After perfusion, sections of the kidneys were analyzed for changes in mRNA by Northern blotting. Significant increases in mRNA for fibronectin (7.5-fold, P < 0.01), heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein (53-fold, P < 0.001), laminin β1 (12-fold, P < 0.001), collagen α1(IV) (17-fold, P < 0.001), collagen α1(III) (fourfold, P < 0.001), and MMP9 (twofold, P < 0.05) were observed after perfusion with TGF-β1. Measurement of TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, MMP1, and MMP2 mRNA demonstrated no detectable change, whereas determination of mRNA for tissue transglutaminase, an enzyme capable of cross-linking many ECM components, showed an eightfold increase (P < 0.01). This study suggests that in the IPRK and in the absence of other exogenous growth factors, TGF-β1 selectively increases the synthesis of ECM and tissue transglutaminase without changes that would result in the reduction of ECM degradation.

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