Pretreatment of Natural Lignocellulose With Inorganic Salts Improves Ligninase Production Fermented By Aspergillus Fumigatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijing Zhou ◽  
Gaijuan Guo ◽  
Jinda Li ◽  
Hong Yan ◽  
Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Inorganic Salt ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Dense Structure ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Solid Liquid

Abstract This work screened out the optimal conditions for pretreatment of natural lignocellulose with inorganic salts and provided a simple, easy-to-operate, low-cost, clean and efficient pretreatment method for the efficient degradation of natural lignocellulose by strains. The results showed that the optimal pretreatment inorganic salt was FeCl2 with a concentration of 11%, pretreatment at 60°C for 48 h, and the solid-liquid ratio was 1:11 (g/mL). According to the characterization results, after pretreatment of FeCl2 solution, the smooth and dense structure of natural lignocellulose surface became rough and irregular, and surface fiber bundles showed spalling and fracture. Subsequently, the enzymes produced by solid-state fermentation of Aspergillus fumigatus were easier to enter the interior, which increased the contact area between materials and enzymes, and increased the amount of enzymatic loads, thereby improving the biodegradation effect.

scholarly journals Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Mario H. Rodriguez ◽  
Gustavo D. Rosales ◽  
Eliana G. Pinna ◽  
Fernando M. Tunez ◽  
Norman Toro
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Solid Liquid

The progressive depletion of primary sources to obtain metals has led to the search for alternative sources for their recovery. In the particular case of titanium, titaniferous sands are a viable option for obtaining this metal. This paper presents the results of the dissolution of titanium from titaniferous sands of Buenos Aires province (Argentina) in a laboratory autoclave (450 mL of capacity). The operating parameters studied were as follows: different acids (HF, H2SO4 and mixtures of these acids); leaching agent concentration, 5–20% v/v; temperature, 75–150 °C; time, 30–180 min; solid–liquid ratio, 0.9–3.6% w/v; stirring speed, 110–550 rpm. The obtained results indicate that the increase in the leaching agent(s) concentration, temperature and time of contact with the acid mixtures have a marked effect on the dissolution reaction of titanium. Optimal conditions to achieve 89% extraction of titanium were obtained by leaching at 123 °C, 330 rpm, 80 min and 1.8% w/v with a mixture of 15% HF (v/v) and 10% H2SO4 (v/v).

Optimum Process for Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Castor Leaves by Orthogonal Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 1029-1032
Author(s):  
Yi Hua Jiang ◽  
Xin Long Jiang ◽  
Cheng Gang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Maximal Yield ◽  
Solid Liquid

Optimization of total flavonoid extraction from Castor leaves using orthogonal test methodology with the factors of ethanol concentration, extraction temperature,extraction time,solid/liquid ratio on the yield of total flavonoids were investigated.The results showed that optimum extracting conditions of total flavonoids from castor leaves were as follows: adding 1:40 g·mL-1 of 30% alcohol and extracting for 30 min,extraction temperature 70°C. Under the optimal conditions, the maximal yield of flavonoids was of 1.81%.

Optimization of Pectin Extraction from Ramie by Orthogonal Methodology and Its Partial Physicochemical Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607-1611
Author(s):  
Lifeng Cheng ◽  
Shengwen Duan ◽  
Xiangyuan Feng ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Solid Liquid

Pectin was extracted from Ramie [Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud] through ammonium oxalate extraction method. The influences of single factors (ammonium oxalate concentration, extraction time, solid–liquid ratio, and reaction temperature) on the yield of ramie pectin were studied. Orthogonal experiment was then performed to optimize the combination of the given conditions using pectin yield as the measuring indicator. Finally, the partial physicochemical properties of ramie pectin extracted in the optimal conditions were analyzed. Results showed that the optimal conditions for single-element experiment were 3.5 h (extraction time), 1:25 (solid–liquid ratio), 0.85% (concentration of ammonium oxalate) and 95 °C (extraction temperature), and that the optimal combination conditions for orthogonal experiment was 4 h, 1:30, 0.95% and 90 °C. The ramie pectin yield extracted in optimal conditions reached 15.81%, and its protein content, galacturonic acid content, and esterification degree were 0.659 mg/g, 49.92%, and 53.11%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method was successfully applied to obtain ramie pectin and may provide scientific basis for improving the multi-utilization value of ramie.

Study on Dilute Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis of Corn Stover

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 313-316
Author(s):  
Jun Ping Zhu ◽  
Jian Lu Ma ◽  
Xiao Chen Liu ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Wei Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Dilute Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The object of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the hydrolysis of corn stover by dilute sulfuric acid and the types of sugars existed in hydrolysate. Experiment results showed that the optimal conditions were hydrolysis temperature 120°C, stover size 20-40 mesh, soak time 36h, reaction time 100 min, H2SO4concentration 1.5% and solid-liquid ratio 1:8. Sugars gained in the hydrolysate were xylose 3.0%, glucose 0.71%, mannose 0.12% and galactose 0.32% determined by capillary electrophoresis.

scholarly journals Optimization of Nitric Acid Leaching of Rare Earth Elements From Moroccan Natural Phosphate

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marouane Amine ◽  
Fatima Asafar ◽  
Latifa Bilali ◽  
Mehdi Nadifiyine
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Nitric Acid Leaching ◽  
Solid Liquid

Phosphate is a very important natural resource in Morocco and one of the secondary resources of rare earth elements. Our study is particularly interested in Youssoufia phosphate, which contains 228.77 ppm of rare earth elements (ΣREEs). The purpose of our work is to study the influence of different parameters (acid concentration, solid/liquid ratio and temperature) in order to determine the optimal conditions for the leaching of rare earths. An experimental design (Doehlert matrix) has been drawn up to optimize the experimental conditions of the leaching. All tests were made with nitric acid at different concentrations varying between 1.5M and 4.5M with a solid/liquid ratio of 1/12 to 1/6; reaction temperature and duration are respectively 20°C to 80 °C and 60 min. The optimal conditions are obtained when using 69 °C as temperature, 4.1 M as acid concentration and 1/9 as solid/liquid ratio.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Antioxidant Extraction from Eleutherococcus Senticosus Roots by Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Daniela Chmelová ◽  
Tibor Maliar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Solid Liquid

Abstract Eleutherococcus senticosus is known as adaptogen with benefits in general health promotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of major extraction parameters on extraction yield of antioxidants measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity. Secondly, content of total polyphenols was evaluated. Optimal conditions of the extraction were processed by response surface methodology. The independent variables of extraction were proposed as temperature, solid-liquid ratio and solvent composition. For the optimal antioxidant extraction, E. senticosus is suitable to extract by 23 % (v/v) aqueous ethanol at 70 °C in ratio 53 mL of extraction solvent per g of plant material. The optimal conditions calculated for the extraction of total polyphenols were very similar (70 °C, 22 % (v/v) aqueous ethanol) expect solid-liquid ratio which indicates need of increasing of solid-liquid ratio to 91 mL of extraction solvent per g of plant material

Application of Two Modeling Methods in Optimization for Adenosine Extraction from Mycelium of Cordyceps Militaris

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 826-831
Author(s):  
Lin Na Du ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
Ling Jun Meng ◽  
Jia Hui Lu ◽  
Qing Fan Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Validation Experiments

An experimental mixture design coupled with data analysis by means of both response surface methodology(RSM) and artificial neural network(ANN) was applied to explore the optimum process parameters for adenosine extraction from cultured mycelium of Cordyceps militaris. With the extraction rate of adenosine as index, the critical factors selected for the investigation were extracting temperature, extracting time and solid-liquid radio. The results obtained by the application of ANN were more reliable since better statistical parameters were obtained. The optimum extraction procedure was as follow: extracting time 2.3 h, extracting temperature 48 °C, solid-liquid ratio 1:38 g⋅mL-1. Under the optimal conditions, the corresponding response value predicted for adenosine production was 4.59 mg g-1, which was confirmed by validation experiments.

Adsorption of In3+ from Aqueous Solutions by Persimmon Tannins-Immobilized Collagen Fiber

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Lei Liu ◽  
Zhong Min Wang ◽  
Huai Gang Zhang ◽  
Gui Yin Li ◽  
Huai Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Initial Solution ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Solid Liquid

In the present work, a novel adsorbent to effectively adsorbed In3+ from an aqueous solution has been prepared by immobilizing persimmon tannin (PT) on collagen fiber. The adsorption capacities of In3+ on the immobilized PT were evaluated under various treatment conditions including the initial solution pH, solid-liquid ratio and temperature. The results showed that the effect of initial solution pH and solid-liquid ratio on the adsorption capacity were remarkable, while the influence of temperature was insignificant. The adsorption capacity reached 420 mg/g at 303 K and pH 5.0 when the initial concentration of In3+ was 100 mg/L and solid-liquid ratio was 0.2. The adsorption isothermal and kinetic data fitted best to the Freundlich model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively.All these results indicated that adsorbent adsorbed efficiently and could be used as a low-cost alternative for the adsorption of In3+ in wastewater treatment.

Effect of Ethanol Treatment on Lycopene Extraction yield

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kyong-il ◽  
KIM rak-chon ◽  
Kang chang-hyok ◽  
Lee song-nam ◽  
Ryom sok-hun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Ethanol Pretreatment

In order to extract lycopene more effectively, this experiment focused on the optimization of ethanol pretreatment method to study the effects of ethanol treatment on the extraction rate of lycopene and its antioxidant activity. The test results show that 2 times ethanol treatment is very effective for improving lycopene yield. The optimum conditions of ethanol treatment are temperature 50 ℃, treatment time 1 time 2h, 2 times 2h, solid to liquid ratio is 1:12. The lycopene yield can be reached 20mg / 100g above.

Depression of freezing temperature of water and water solutions in porous materials

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2644-2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Schneider ◽  
Jiří Rathouský
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Inorganic Salt ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Freezing Point Depression ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Water Solutions

In porous materials filled with water or water solutions of inorganic salts, water freezes at lower temperatures than under normal conditions; the reason is the decrease of water vapor tension above the convex meniscus of liquid in pores. The freezing point depression is not very significant in pores with radii from 0.05 μm to 10 μm (about 0.01-2.5 K). Only in smaller pores, especially when filled with inorganic salt solutions, this depression is important.

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