scholarly journals A novel radiographic grid aiming device for percutaneous renal puncture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guibin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
New Device ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Bull's Eye ◽  
Puncture Technique

Abstract Background This in-vitro study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel radiographic grid aiming device as compared to the conventional “bull’s eye” puncture technique for percutaneous renal puncture. Methods This new device uses two radiopaque rings for targeting, somewhat similar to the concept of gun sights. The device is designed to improve the ease and accuracy of the “bull’s eye” puncture technique. We compared this device to the conventional “bull’s eye” puncture technique using a porcine kidney inside a chicken carcass as the study model. Two first-year residents used both the radiographic grid aiming device in turn, Group A, and the conventional bull’s eye technique, Group B, to perform punctures to reach the target porcine calyces in order. Related data were recorded and analyzed. Results 23 renal calyceal punctures were performed per group. There were no statistical differences in the overall puncture success rate, puncture time, or radiation exposure time and dose between the two groups. The number of punctures required to achieve success was higher in group B and the distance between the puncture site to the center of papillary fornix was shorter in group A, all P < 0.05. Conclusions The novel radiographic grid aiming device showed no advantage in the overall success rate for renal puncture. However, it offered the advantages of more precise puncture with fewer puncture attempts. It may serve as a useful tool for training. It may also offer some benefit to surgeons who are novices at percutaneous renal puncture.

scholarly journals Laser versus LED polymerization: Comparison of in vitro preventive sealing procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 228080001881601
Author(s):  
Filiberto Mastrangelo ◽  
Isabella Perraro ◽  
Sabrina Mattia ◽  
Giuseppe Troiano ◽  
Khrystyna Zhurakivska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Metallization Process

Introduction: The technique of sealing is a widely accepted procedure for prevention of caries. The aim of our in vitro study was to compare the effect of two different curing units (traditional LED source and innovative laser diode lamp) on the integrity of fissure sealant material and its interface with tooth enamel. Materials and methods: Sixty healthy third molars were randomly assigned to two groups. In group A were teeth intended for polymerization by LED B lamp, and group B comprised teeth to be polymerized by an innovative laser diode. Both groups were treated with the traditional sealing technique, subjected to a metallization process, and analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Results: Micro-gaps between the sealant and the enamel were found in specimens in both A (43%) and B (40%) groups ( p=0.793), and sealant shrinkage was seen. Significant differences between the groups emerged in the percentage of perimetric micro-erosion sites (80% vs. 100%, p=0.010) and the presence of holes and micro-bubbles on the sealant surface (21% vs. 63%, p=0.001). Conclusions: Although macroscopic clinical polymerization occurred with both instruments, the microscopic evaluation showed significant differences between the studied groups in terms of perimetric micro-erosion sites and micro-bubbles, which were higher in laser-cured samples.

scholarly journals Deformation of the Internal Connection of Narrow Implants after Insertion in Dense Bone: An in Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽  
Ana Nicolas Silvente ◽  
Georgios Romanos
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Connection Length

Implant connections must resist surgical and prosthetic procedures without deformation. This study evaluated the deformation of different internal connections (IC) of narrow dental implants (NDI) after their insertion in artificial dense bone. Thirty NDI, with different IC geometries, Group A (internal hexagon), Group B (tri-channeled), and Group C (four-channeled), with the same length and similar narrow diameters, were inserted in type II density bone blocks. Drilling protocols for dense bone from each implant manufacturer were followed. The Insertion torque (IT), connection length, vertex angles, and wall deformations were analyzed before and after the insertion of the implants. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and Tukey post-test were used for statistical comparisons. IT values were higher for Group A, surface damage, and titanium particles were observed in the IC in all the groups. Angle deformations between 5 and 70 degrees were present in all the groups, and the walls of Group B connection were the most affected by deformations (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this experiment, it can be concluded that narrow diameter implants will suffer deformation of the implant connection and will also experience surface damage and titanium particle release when inserted in type II bone density.

scholarly journals To Evaluate the Marginal Fit of Metal Copings Fabricated by Conventional Casting Procedure and Direct Metal Laser Sintering Technology – an In Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Sharma ◽  
Ajay Bansal ◽  
Sunny Panthi ◽  
Shefali Malik ◽  
Atulya Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Direct Metal Laser Sintering ◽  
Marginal Fit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate marginal fit of cobalt- chromium (Co-Cr) copings fabricated by direct metal laser sintering system (DMLS) and conventional lost-wax technique (LW). Materials and method: Forty tooth preparations were carried out over extracted mandibular molars. They were divided into two groups A and B of 20 each. For group A Co-Cr copings were fabricated by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and for group B by lost wax technique (LW). Glass –ionomer cement (GIC) was used to tack the copings over their preparations. Marginal fit was then evaluated directly under the stereomicroscope. Results: The mean marginal gap of group A was 27.9 ± 2.4 μm and group B was 40.4 ±6 μm. Statistical analysis using t - test showed highly significant difference (P>.05) between the marginal mean of the DMLS (group A) compared to LW (group B). Conclusion: The DMLS copings demonstrated superior marginal fit compared to that of conventional Co-Cr casted copings.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Er, Cr: YSGG Laser and Super-Saturated Citric Acid on the Debridement of Contaminated Implant Surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Ali Gholami ◽  
Milad Karamlou ◽  
Reza Fekrazad ◽  
Farzin Ghanavati ◽  
Neda Hakimiha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Ysgg Laser ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Several techniques such as using citric acid, plastic curettes, ultrasonic devices, and lasers have been suggested for debridement of contaminated implant surfaces. This comparative investigation aimed to assess and compare the effects of Er, Cr: YSGG laser and super-saturated citric acid on the debridement of contaminated dental implant surfaces. Methods: In this in-vitro study, 12 contaminated failed implants were collected and randomly divided into 2 groups (6 in group A, and 6 in group B). Also, one implant was considered as the control. The implants were horizontally sectioned into coronal and apical portions and subsequently irradiated by Er, Cr: YSGG laser in coronal and citric acid in apical in group A and the opposite in group B. In order to evaluate the effect of water spray on the laser section, half the laser portion of the implants was irradiated using water, while the other half was irradiated without water with an irradiation time of 1 minute. Results: Results revealed that calculus and plaque removal was greater in the laser part of both groups (with and without water) compared to citric acid parts and the correlation between calculus removal and surface roughness were statistically significant. Furthermore, the surface roughness in the citric acid parts was significantly higher than in laser parts. Water spray during irradiation had a very small influence on understudy factors. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the Er, Cr: YSGG laser was more effective in calculus removal and caused less surface roughness compared with citric acid application.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Water on Three Different Light Cured Composite Restorative Materials Stored in Water: An In Vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basawaraj Biradar ◽  
Sudharani Biradar ◽  
Arvind MS
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objectives. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate whether weight gain or loss in the three different composites occurs due to water absorption when they are stored in water.Methods. The composite restorative materials selected for this study included a microfine hybrid (Synergy) and two nanofilled composite restorative materials (Ceram X and Filtek Supreme Ultra). Twenty specimens of each material were fabricated of each composite material. Group A: Filtek Supreme Ultra, Group B: Synergy, Group C: Ceram X. Then all the specimens were stored in 10 ml Distilled water containing test tubes and placed in incubator at 37°C for six weeks. The weight changes of these specimens were measured daily for the first week and later once a week for next five weeks by using an electrical analytical balance.Results.The data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Student'sttest. All groups showed maximum amount of water absorption in the first week than gradual decrease in the water absorption from the second to the sixth week, as compared to the first week and there is no statistically significant difference between the groups tested.Conclusion. All the composite restorative material absorbs some amount of water. The water absorption of the composite may decrease the physical and mechanical properties of the composites; hence it is necessary to consider the type of the material before starting the treatment.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FERROUS SULFATE ON ENAMEL DEMINERALIZATION OF HUMAN DECIDUOUS TEETH: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Johnny Holanda De Gauw ◽  
Lara Maria Melo Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Neves Silva ◽  
Natanael Barbosa Santos ◽  
Maria Dânia Holanda Tenorio
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ferrous sulfate (FS) on demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. Additionally, it was evaluated the penetration extent of FS and its remineralizing effect on the enamel of deciduous teeth using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). Method: The sample comprised 44 human deciduous teeth. The 44 crowns were divided randomly into four groups: group A (FS after demineralization), group B (FS without demineralization), group C (only demineralization), and group D (control group). FS at 0.45 mol/L-1 was used daily (15 days) and demineralization was done by pH cycling (7 days). Then, three longitudinal slices of the crowns were photographed using PLM. The degree of penetration of the lesion or stain was measured in micrometers, as well as the distance between the external enamel surface and the core of lesion. Results: Group A showed a dark stain on the outer surface of enamel larger than the group B. It is suggested, a remineralizing effect when comparing groups, A and C. The mean depth and standard deviation for groups A, B, and C were 4.27µm (±1.49), 3.72 µm (±1.68) and 5.00 µm (±1.84), respectively. No dark stains were observed in group D. Conclusion: FS stained the demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. However, dark stains in the non-demineralized teeth were smaller or absent, than in the demineralized teeth. Therefore, FS may have a protective effect against demineralization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Airway Scope at Improving the Success Rate of the First Intubation Attempt by Nonexpert Physicians: A Randomized Crossover Manikin Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Haruyuki Yuasa ◽  
Hiroyuki Yokoyama ◽  
Naohiro Yonemoto ◽  
Yoichiro Kasahara ◽  
Hiroshi Nonogi
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Intubation Attempt ◽  
New Device ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Airway Scope ◽  
Intubation Success Rate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the performance of Airway Scope (AWS) on the first attempt at intubation in manikins by nonexpert physicians. Methods. A randomized crossover trial involving seven scenarios. Participants: residents of a cardiovascular hospital. In group A, the AWS procedure was performed first followed by Machintouch Laryngoscopy (ML), while in group B the ML procedure was performed first and then the AWS. The primary outcome assessed was the success of first intubation attempt in a normal scenario. The secondary outcome assessments were success in six other scenarios, and also elapsed time and dental trauma caused in all scenarios. Results. There were 34 participants. All AWS-assisted intubations were successfully completed, but one ML-assisted intubation failed in the normal scenario (P=0.32). The outcomes achieved by the AWS in scenarios involving cervical immobilization (P=0.03), tongue edema (P≤0.001), pharyngeal obstruction (P≤0.001), and jaw trismus (P=0.001) were superior to those obtained with the ML. Conclusions. Use of AWS-assisted intubation in manikin scenarios results in a significantly high intubation success rate on the first attempt by nonexpert physicians. These findings suggest this new device will be useful for nonexpert physicians in emergency situations.

scholarly journals Success rate of intrauterine insemination in patients with unknown infertility

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Jasovic ◽  
Emilija Jasovic-Siveska
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Background/Aim. Unknown cause of infertility exists in 10%-26% of couples with infertility problems. Treatment of these couples depends on the possibility of correcting the unidentified defect over time. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) and ovaluation stimulation are methods of choice in treatment of unexplained fertility, but if a woman is older than 37 years, in vitro fertilization (IVF) could be directly recommended. The aim of this research was to compare the success rate of pregnancies with IUI between the patients with unexplained infertility and the patients with mild form endometriosis. Methods. The study included on 50 patients diagnosed with mild form endometriosis (group A) and 50 patients with unknown cause infertility (group B). Using the same therapeutical protocol, human menopausal gonadothropin (hMG) stimulation and horionic gonadropin (hCG) induction were applied, as well as IUI. Results. The percentage of achieved ovulation was higher in the group B (p < 0.05). During the 3 simulated sequential periods 102 IUI were performed in the group A and 97 IUI in the group B. In the group A there were 6 single and 1 twin pregnancies sucesfully conceived (14%), while in group B there were 9 (18%) single pregnancies. Conclusion. The use of a combination of controled ovarian hyperstimulation and IUI is an effective, cheap and safe method for treating infertility couples, especially couples with unknown cause infertility. Mild form endometriosis, as etiological infertility factor, has a negative impact on IUI success rate.

Microleakage and SEM Analysis of Flowable Resin Used as a Sealant Following Three Fissure Preparation Techniques – An in vitro Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
TR Chaitra ◽  
VV Subba Reddy ◽  
GM Devarasa ◽  
TL Ravishankar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Group A ◽  
Excellent Method ◽  
Group B

Objective: Preventive procedures using pit and fissure sealants are one of the important aspects of pediatric dental practice. The objectives of this in vitro study were to comparatively evaluate microleakage and resin tag penetration of a flowable resin used as a sealant on molars after preparation with Conventional, Enameloplasty and Fissurotomy techniques. Method: A total of 48 teeth were divided into 3 groups (n-16). Group A(CST),Group B (EST),and Group C (FT). Following the fissure preparation sealant was applied as per manufacturer's instructions. 8 samples in each group were used for Microleakage and Resin tag analysis. Microleakage analysis was done under Stereomicroscope after Methylene blue dye immersion by using scoring system. The resin tag analysis was done by measuring the length of resin tags on scanning electron microscope (SEM) images consisting of 10μm scale taken under optical zoom of 2000 X. Results: Significantly lesser microleakage score (P&lt;0.01) and longer resin tag penetration (P&lt;0.001) observed in EST(mean score 0.5±0.53) & (12.19±1.93μm) when compared to CST(mean score 1.75±0.89) & (5.96±1.84μm)and FT (mean score 1.5±0.53) & (6.76±1.82μm) which showed more microleakage and short resin tags. No statistical significance between CST and FT was found. Conclusion: EST has proven to be an excellent method for preparation of pits and fissures when Flowable composite is used as a sealant because of its lesser microleakage and longer resin tag penetration.

Influence of prophylaxis on the microleakage of sealants: in vitro study

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Alonso Chevitarese ◽  
Orlando Chevitarese ◽  
Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Roberto Braga de Carvalho Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of prophylaxis on the sealants microleakage in 30 premolars divided into: Group A, Group B and Group C. The teeth were analyzed using the optical microscope (OM) and at scanning electron microscope (SEM). There was a statitical significant difference among the groups regarding the presence of microleakage, but not with the presence of tags.

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