scholarly journals A Large Sample Epidemiological Survey of Severe Mental Disorders: Current Status and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Fuhao ◽  
Yawen Lin ◽  
Qingfei Wei ◽  
Zhaonan Zeng ◽  
Duanhua Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Medication Status

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence, distribution characteristics, medication status, and management status of patients with severe mental disorders (SMD) in Fuzhou. The medication status and management status were compared between patients in urban and non-urban areas to provide scientific evidence for improving SMD prevention, control, and treatment in primary health care institutions. Methods: Data (case types, demographic data, distribution data, medication status, and management status, etc.) of 30,362 SMD patients in 12 districts, counties, and prefectures in the urban and non-urban areas of Fuzhou City were collected From March 2018 to September 2018. Three distributions were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of SMD. Linear trend chi-square test was used to illustrate the relationship between the prevalence of SMD and monthly changes. χ2 test method was used to compare the severity in urban and non-urban areas (qualitative data of SMD patients). Results: A total of 30,362 registered SMD patients were identified in Fuzhou City (prevalence rate, 4.17‰), of which schizophrenia accounted for the highest number (26204, 86.31%), and paranoid psychosis had the least number (47, 0.15%). Moreover, most SMD patients were aged 18 (inclusive)-44 years old (45.38%). Most patients were farmers (30.23%), had a primary school and below education level (54.17%), were poor, with most below the poverty line standard (55.35%). The time-point prevalence of SMD was highest in Minqing County (5.29‰) and lowest in Mawei District (3.80‰). The prevalence rates of SMD were significantly different among various regions in Fuzhou (P<0.05). There was a linear trend between the month and SMD prevalence, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). A total of 22,989 (75.72%) of the patients were taking medications, and only 17,509 (57.67%) were taking medications regularly. Moreover, the rate of taking medications and regular-taking rates were higher in urban areas than in non-urban areas (P＜0.05). A total of 3065 patients were under management (10.09%). The management rate was higher in the urban areas than in the non-urban areas (P<0.05). Conclusion: Schizophrenia needs comprehensive prevention and control in Fuzhou. The management of severe mental disorders should focus on poor groups with low educational backgrounds. Drug usage and management are better in urban areas than in non-urban areas, and thus management should be enhanced in non-urban areas. The medication management and case management of patients with severe mental disorders in Fuzhou need further improvements.

scholarly journals Epidemic Trend of Dental Fluorosis in Mainland China, 1995-2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhen Zhan ◽  
Lianjie Xiong ◽  
Zhoujie Gong ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Xiaonan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
System Review ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Abstract The aim of this system review and meta-analysis was to explore the epidemiological characteristics of dental fluorosis in mainland China from 1995 to 2020. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, Chinese Wan Fang database, and VIP database. Subgroup analyses were done to explore epidemic tread of dental fluorosis (gender, location, survey year and geographical distribution) with the help of relative software. Forty-one publications were included in this study. The overall prevalence was 23.6%, and the prevalence of dental fluorosis increased from 18.8% during 1995–1999 to 34.3% during 2010–2014, while it decreased to 20.5% during 2015–2019. There was no significant difference in prevalence between boys (15.7%) and girls (15.2%) (RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07); and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in rural areas (14.5%) was slightly higher than those in urban areas (12.7%) (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.76–1.13). The prevalence before (63.3%) and after (34.7%) water improvement showed a great benefit of fluoride reduction policy. Result of this meta-analysis provides evidence enable governments taking effective measures to control dental fluorosis.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI POLIKLINIK JIWA RSUD H. ANDI SULTHAN DG. RADJA KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Hj. Fatmawati ◽  
Nurlina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reading Material ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects more than 21 million people worldwide. According to (Ministry of Health, 2013) the prevalence of severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, is 1.7 per 1000 residents or around 400,000 people. Schizophrenia is caused by multifactorial factors that are related to each other. The purpose of this study was to find out the factors associated with the incidence of mental disorders in H.AUD Hospital. Sulthan with Radja Bulukumba in 2018. This study uses Cross sectional design with a population of 554 people and a sample of 84 people. The sample used in this study is non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Based on statistical analysis using frequency distribution data The results of this study are based on the age of Schizophrenia sufferers more in adulthood, the sex of Schizophrenic patients is obtained by men as many as 40 people (50%), and women as many as 40 respondents (50%), Job Schizophrenia sufferers are more unemployed (82.5%) and those who work are 17.5%, the education level of Schizophrenics is higher in high school education (33.8%) and junior and PT education is equal to 13, 8%, The marital status of schizophrenics sufferers with mental disorders is more with marital status (61%), there are more conflicts in families with schizophrenia who do not have a family conflict (85%). Farewell events of Schizophrenia sufferers more than no parents (85%), Socio-economic status of schizophrenics in economic status less than 66 people (82.5%, Parenting schizophrenic parents democratic parenting 75 people or 93.8 %. It is expected that the results of this study may be used as scientific reading material in the library and can also be used as reference material that examines similar problems.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBING PROMPTING BERBANTUAN MULTIMEDIA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Ni Pt Rasni Karwati ◽  
Km Ngurah Wiyasa ◽  
I Kt Ardana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference

This research aims to determine the significance of the difference in science learning results between the group of fifth-grade students in Gugus I Elementary Schools, North Kuta District, in the school year of 2017/2018, that take lessons with the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model and the group of students that take lessons with the conventional learning. The design of this research is a quasi-experimental research with the nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research are all the fifth-grade students of Gugus I Elementary Schools in North Kuta District that still implement the KTSP, which consists of 10 classes with a total of 339 students. The sampling is conducted using the random sampling technique. The sample in this research are the students of class VB in SD (Elementary School) No.7 Dalung, with 36 students as the experiment group and the students of class VB in SD No.4 Dalung with 28 students as the control group. The data collection is conducted using the test method in the form of the multiple choice objective test. The science learning results are analyzed using the t-test. Based on the average the experiment groups =80,89 > the control group =72,85, which means that the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model has an influence on the science learning result. Based on the hypothesis test, tvalues =4,517> ttable =2,000, with dk=62 and a significance level of 5%. Based on the test criteria, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be interpreted there is a significant difference the science learning result between the group of students that were taught using the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model and the students that were taught using the conventional learning. It can be concluded that the the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model has an influence on the science learning result of the fifth-grade students in Gugus I Elementary School, North Kuta District, in the school year of 2017/2018. Keywords : probing prompting, multimedia, science learning result

scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of Carrying Viral Hepatitis B Antigen in the Population of the Nišava District

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Marina Kostić ◽  
Biljana Kocić ◽  
Nataša Rančić
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Summary The aim of this paper was to determine the trend of diseases and epidemiological characteristics of viral antigen carrying of hepatitis B for better implementation of prevention and control of the disease activity. The annual reports, reports of diseases - deaths from infectious diseases, epidemiological survey of the Public Health Institute (IPH) Niš were used as the material. The period from 2002 to 2011 in the Nišava District was considered. A descriptive method was used. HBsAg carrying shows an upward trend (y=15+3.27 x). Most carriers are males (57.27%), live in urban areas (98.16/ 100.000 population), average age 41.92 years old ±SD 18.59, pensioners (22.42%). 54.05% are nephrology patients (almost all retirees under the age of 60 years old). Only 15.76% were hospitalized. The data on the vaccination status are insufficient. In 5.45%, co-infection with hepatitis C virus was found. 63.33% belong to the group of patients for whom there were no data on the mode of transmission. Hemodialysis patients make 16.67%, blood donors 9.39%, 6.36% pregnant women and injecting drug users 1.21%. The upward trend of carrying, the presence of all known risk groups in the population of carrying in the Nišava District points to the need for improved epidemiological surveillance, strict application of protective measures, conducting of statutory vaccination of all categories of people exposed to particular risk of infection as well as continuing education on preventive measures of both population and health care providers.

scholarly journals Modeling Spatiotemporal Population Changes by Integrating DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Light Data in Chongqing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Dan Lu ◽  
Yahui Wang ◽  
Qingyuan Yang ◽  
Kangchuan Su ◽  
Haozhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Mean Relative Error ◽  
Nighttime Light

The sustained growth of non-farm wages has led to large-scale migration of rural population to cities in China, especially in mountainous areas. It is of great significance to study the spatial and temporal pattern of population migration mentioned above for guiding population spatial optimization and the effective supply of public services in the mountainous areas. Here, we determined the spatiotemporal evolution of population in the Chongqing municipality of China from 2000–2018 by employing multi-period spatial distribution data, including nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS). There was a power function relationship between the two datasets at the pixel scale, with a mean relative error of NTL integration of 8.19%, 4.78% less than achieved by a previous study at the provincial scale. The spatial simulations of population distribution achieved a mean relative error of 26.98%, improved the simulation accuracy for mountainous population by nearly 20% and confirmed the feasibility of this method in Chongqing. During the study period, the spatial distribution of Chongqing’s population has increased in the west and decreased in the east, while also increased in low-altitude areas and decreased in medium-high altitude areas. Population agglomeration was common in all of districts and counties and the population density of central urban areas and its surrounding areas significantly increased, while that of non-urban areas such as northeast Chongqing significantly decreased.

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