scholarly journals Bodies moving with sound: Effects of pitch and musical sounds on body-representations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Ley-Flores ◽  
Eslam Alshami ◽  
Aneesha Singh ◽  
Frédéric Bevilacqua ◽  
Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Absolute Frequency ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Sound Effects ◽  
Bodily Feelings ◽  
Musical Sounds

Abstract The effects of music on bodily movement and feelings, such as when people are dancing or engaged in physical activity, are well-documented - people may move in response to the sound cues, feel powerful, less tired. How sounds and bodily movements relate to create such effects? Here we deconstruct the problem and investigate how different auditory features affect people’s body-representation and feelings even when paired with the same movement. In three experiments, participants executed a simple arm raise synchronised with changing pitch in simple tones (Experiment 1), rich musical sounds (Experiment 2) and different absolute frequency ranges (Experiment 3), while we recorded indirect and direct measures on their movement, body-representations and feelings. Changes in pitch influenced people’s general emotional state as well as the various bodily dimensions investigated – movement, proprioceptive awareness and feelings about one’s body and movement. Adding harmonic content amplified the differences between ascending and descending sounds, while shifting the absolute frequency range had a general effect on movement amplitude, bodily feelings and emotional state. These results provide new insights in the role of auditory and musical features in dance and exercise, and have implications for the design of sound-based applications supporting movement expression, physical activity, or rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Action sounds recalibrate perceived tactile distance

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Ana Tajadura-Jiménez ◽  
Aleksander Väljamäe ◽  
Iwaki Toshima ◽  
Toshitaka Kimura ◽  
Manos Tsakiris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Bodily Movement

Almost every bodily movement, from the most complex to the most mundane, such as walking, can generate impact sounds that contain spatial information of high temporal resolution. Despite the conclusive evidence about the role that the integration of vision, touch and proprioception plays in updating body-representations, hardly any study has looked at the contribution of audition. We show that the representation of a key property of one’s body, like its length, is affected by the sound of one’s actions. Participants tapped on a surface while progressively extending their right arm sideways, and in synchrony with each tap participants listened to a tapping sound. In the critical condition, the sound originated at double the distance at which participants actually tapped. After exposure to this condition, tactile distances on the test right arm, as compared to distances on the reference left arm, felt bigger than those before the exposure. No evidence of changes in tactile distance reports was found at the quadruple tapping sound distance or the asynchronous auditory feedback conditions. Our results suggest that tactile perception is referenced to an implicit body-representation which is informed by auditory feedback. This is the first evidence of the contribution of self-produced sounds to body-representation, addressing the auditory-dependent plasticity of body-representation and its spatial boundaries.

scholarly journals Impact of Moderate Individually Tailored Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Fatigue on Functional, Cognitive, Emotional State, and Postural Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Justyna Redlicka ◽  
Ewa Zielińska-Nowak ◽  
Anna Lipert ◽  
Elżbieta Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease, with fatigue syndrome as one of the main symptoms. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that moderate physical activity (MPA) may have a beneficial effect on postural stability, balance, and clinical parameters. The research group consisted of 137 randomized patients hospitalized at the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz. Finally, 76 patients were qualified who were divided into two groups—high fatigue (HF) and low fatigue (LF). Participants were assessed twice: before and after a 4-week MPA program using: the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and stabilometric platform tests were performed. Results obtained after the 4-week MPA program showed a positive effect of the MPA with differences between LF and HF groups. The MPA was more effective in MS patients with LF in cognitive functions, functional status, and postural stability but among HF patients in an emotional state, especially in MS patients below 65 years, although in total, both groups benefited from the MPA.

scholarly journals INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE CHANGES IN QUALITY OF LIFE AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 AND CONCOMITANT OBESITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
I.M. Fushtey ◽  
Ye.A. Solovyuk ◽  
A.O. Solovyuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The purpose of this work was to study the general characteristics of quality of life (QoL), the effect of overweight on QoL, the nature of eating behaviour in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and   concomitant overweight (OW) and obesity, as well as to establish the correlation with indicators of functional state of the arterial vessels. 64 people (34 women and 30 men) with DM and concomitant  overweight and obesity (average age 56.3 ± 10.23 years) formed the 1 group, 34 people (19 women and 15 men), whose average age was 55.6 ± 11.92 years constituted the 2 group, and  28 healthy individuals formed the control group. SF-36v2 questionnaires were used to evaluate QoL. The effect of overweight on QoL was analyzed according to the IWQOL-Lite questionnaire data, the patterns of eating behaviour were determined by the COEQ4 for 7 days using FPRS questionnaire. The functional state of the arterial vessels was assessed by estimating the pulse wave velocity using the automated rheographic complex ReoCom (KhAI Medika (Ukraine)). The patients with DM and concomitant overweight and obesity were found to experience some changes in QoL according to the SF-36v2 questionnaire. The changes were primarily characterized by a decrease in physical activity, as well as in social and emotional status. These changes differed not only from the QoL assessment by healthy individuals, but also from those of patients with DM and normal body weight. The nature of eating behaviour in overweight or obese patients with DM was characterized by an increased hunger in parallel with a worsened emotional state and an increased desire to eat certain types of foods that can contribute to weight gain. Structural changes in arterial vessels that typically are indicative of arterial stiffness correlate with indicators of emotional state and physical activity in patients with DM and comorbid overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qin ◽  
Yiqing Song ◽  
George P Nassis ◽  
Lina Zhao ◽  
Yanan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Home Based

We aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lock down on lifestyle in China during the initial stage of the pandemic. A questionnaire was distributed to Chinese adults living in 31 provinces of China via the internet using a snowball sampling strategy. Information on 7-day physical activity recall, screen time, and emotional state were collected between January 24 and February 2, 2020. ANOVA, χ² test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis. 12,107 participants aged 18–80 years were included. During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, nearly 60% of Chinese adults had inadequate physical activity (95% CI 56.6%–58.3%), which was more than twice the global prevalence (27.5%, 25.0%–32.2%). Their mean screen time was more than 4 hours per day while staying at home (261.3 ± 189.8 min per day), and the longest screen time was found in young adults (305.6 ± 217.5 min per day). We found a positive and significant correlation between provincial proportions of confirmed COVID-19 cases and negative affect scores (r = 0.501, p = 0.004). Individuals with vigorous physical activity appeared to have a better emotional state and less screen time than those with light physical activity. During this nationwide lockdown, more than half of Chinese adults temporarily adopted a sedentary lifestyle with insufficient physical activity, more screen time, and poor emotional state, which may carry considerable health risks. Promotion of home-based self-exercise can potentially help improve health and wellness.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FUNCTIONAL FITNESS AS WELL AS LEVEL OF DEPRESSION IN SENIORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (89) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Edyta Mikołajczyk ◽  
Alicja Gałązka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health State ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Motivating Factor

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the level of motor activity, functional and motion fitness of seniors above the age of 60 as well as to examine the relationship between physical activity and the level of depression in this group of people. Material and methods. The study covered a group of 50 participants above the age of 60. The Seven-day Physical Activity Recall, ADL, IADL and GDS scales, as well as the Tinetti test and the authors’ specially designed questionnaire were used. Results. Analysis of the results showed a relationship between age, education as well as chronic diseases and the level of undertaken physical activity. A significant relationship was found between the level of activity and functional and motion performance as well as the emotional state of the elderly. There was no relationship between gender, place of residence and self-assessment of health state and the level of physical activity. The most important motivating factor for performing physical activity in seems to be the improvement of well-being, and the most frequently indicated barrier, is state of health. Conclusions. The level of physical activity is related to functional and locomotor fitness and the emotional state of the elderly. There is a correlation between age, education and the occurrence of chronic diseases and the level of physical activity. The most important motivating factor for undertaking activity seems to be the improvement of well-being, the most frequently indicated barrier is state of health.

scholarly journals Implicit and Explicit Body Representations

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Longo
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Somatosensory Processing ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Tactile Localization ◽  
Somatosensory Information

Several forms of perception require that sensory information be referenced to representations of the size and shape of the body. This requirement is especially acute in somatosensation in which the main receptor surface (i.e., the skin) is itself coextensive with the body. This paper reviews recent research investigating the body representations underlying somatosensory information processing, including abilities such as tactile localization, tactile size perception, and position sense. These representations show remarkably large and stereotyped distortions of represented body size and shape. Intriguingly, these distortions appear to mirror distortions characteristic of somatosensory maps, though in attenuated form. In contrast, when asked to make overt judgments about perceived body form, participants are generally quite accurate. This pattern of results suggests that higher-level somatosensory processing relies on a class of implicit body representation, distinct from the conscious body image. I discuss the implications of these results for understanding the nature of body representation and the factors that influence it.

scholarly journals Body illusions for mental health: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Matamala-Gomez ◽  
Antonella Maselli ◽  
Clelia Malighetti ◽  
Olivia Realdon ◽  
Fabrizia Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Clinical Neuroscience ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
Clinical Populations

Body illusions (BIs) refer to altered perceptual states where the perception of the self-body significantly deviates from the configuration of the physical body, for example, in aspects like perceived size, shape, posture, location, and sense of ownership. Different established experimental paradigms allow to temporarily induce such altered perceptual states in a predictable and systematic manner. There is evidence demonstrating the use of BIs in clinical neuroscience, however, to our knowledge, this is the first systematic review evaluating the effectiveness of BIs in healthy and clinical populations. This systematic review examined the use of BIs in the healthy and clinical populations, and review how BIs can be adopted to enhance mental health in different mental illness conditions. The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Of the 8086 studies identified, 189 studies were included for full-text analyses. Seventy-seven studies used BIs in clinical populations. Most of the studies using BIs with clinical populations used body illusions toward a body part, modulating the external aspects of body representation. Even though clinical studies showed the positive effects of BIs to improve mental illness conditions, future technologies using BIs targeting both the external (exteroceptive) and the internal (interoceptive) aspects of body representations can further improve the efficacy of this approach.

scholarly journals Determination of exercise behaviors of healthy adult individuals over 18 years of age 18 yaş üzeri sağlıklı yetişkin bireylerin, egzersiz alışkanlıklarının incelenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1924
Author(s):  
Burcu Ertaş Dölek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Exercise Behaviors ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Statistical Institute ◽  
Health Organization

Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement through energy consumption by using our muscles and joints. One of the biggest factors in the formation of a healthy society is the participation of individuals who constitute society in regular physical activities. The aim of the study is to examine the exercise habits of adult individuals who are members of the sports center. A total of 504 volunteers, 254 male and 250 female participated. The average age of participants is 42,36 ± 12,25 years. Participants’ body weight(kg), height (cm) and occupational status information, body mass index values, number of training per year, number of workouts per week, amount of calories consumed, amount of weight they lifted and  the time they spend throughout the workout examined. The data examined are discussed in the light of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) and the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations (UN). The training periods were examined according to age groups of the participants; 28,62 ± 17,89 minutes per week in men between 18-64 years, 31,97 ± 8,49 minutes in women over 65 years and 29,53 ± 12,79 minutes per week in women between 18 and 64 minutes, 65 And participants over the age of 34.28 ± 12.01 minutes per week. The resulting situation will help the work that will be done to determine the state of physical activity in healthy life of our society. ÖzetFiziksel aktivite, kas ve eklemlerimizi kullanarak enerji tüketimiyle gerçekleşen herhangi bir bedensel hareket olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sağlıklı bir toplum oluşması yününde en büyük etkenlerden birisi, toplumu oluşturan bireylerin düzenli fiziksel aktivitelere katılım durumlarıdır. Çalışmanın amacı, spor merkezine üye olan yetişkin bireylerin, egzersiz yapma alışkanlıklarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 254 erkek ve 250 kadın olmak üzere toplam 504 gönüllü katılmıştır. Katılımcılar 1 yıl boyunca takip edilmiştir. Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 42, 36±12,25 yıldır. Katılımcılardan vücut ağırlıkları (kg), boy uzunlukları (cm) ve mesleki durumları bilgileri alınarak, beden kitle indeksi değerleri, yıllık antrenman sayıları, haftada kaç gün antrenman yaptıkları, tükettikleri kalori miktarı, kaldırdıkları ağırlık miktarları, egzersiz süreleri boyunca kat ettikleri mesafe, harcadıkları süre gibi veriler incelenmiştir. İncelenen veriler Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK) ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün (DSÖ), Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) verileri ışığında tartışılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş gruplarına göre antrenman süreleri incelenmiş; erkeklerde 18-64 yaş aralığında haftada 28,62±17,89 dakika, 65 yaş ve üzeri katılımcıların ise haftada 31,97±8,49, kadınların ise 18-64 yaş aralığında haftada 29,53±12,79 dakika, 65 yaş ve üzeri katılımcıların ise haftada 34,28±12,01 dakika zaman harcadıkları görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak ortaya konulan durum, toplumumuzun sağlıklı yaşam içerisindeki fiziksel aktivite durumlarının belirlenmesi açısından yapılacak olan çalışmalara yardımcı olacaktır.

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