Fullerene Derivatives (CN-[OH]β) and Carbon Nanotubes Modelled as Transporters for Doxorubicin Drug in Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim AL Garalleh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fullerene Derivative ◽  
Fullerene Derivatives ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Carbon nanomaterials have received increasing attention in drug delivery applications because of their distinct properties and structures, including large surface areas, high conductivity, low solubility in aqueous media, unique chemical functionalities and stability at the nano-scale size. Particularly, they have been used as nano-carriers and mediators for anticancer drugs such as, combination with Cisplatin, Camptothecin and Doxorubicin. Cancer has become the most challenging disease because its sophisticated therapy and classified as one of the top killers according to the World health organization records. The aim of the current work is to study and investigate the mechanism of combination between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and the fullerene derivatives (C N -[OH] β ) as mediators, and anticancer drugs for photodynamic therapy directly to destroy the infected cells without damaging the normal ones. Here, we obtain a bio-medical model to determine the efficiency of usefulness of Doxorubicin (DOX) as an antitumor agent conjugated with SWCNTs with variant radii r and fullerene derivative (C N -[OH] β ). The two sub-models are obtained mathematically to evaluate the potential energy arising from the DOX-SWCNT and DOX-(C N -[OH] β ) interactions. DOX modelled as two-connected spheres, small and large, each interacting with different SWCNTs (variant radii r ) and fullerene derivatives C N -[OH] β , forming based on the number of carbon atoms (N) and the number of Hydroxide molecules (OH) ( β ), respectively.

scholarly journals Melatonin and Cancer: A Polyhedral Network Where the Source Matters

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Maria-Angeles Bonmati-Carrion ◽  
Antonia Tomas-Loba
Keyword(s):  
Night Shift ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Cancer Hallmarks ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

Melatonin is one of the most phylogenetically conserved signals in biology. Although its original function was probably related to its antioxidant capacity, this indoleamine has been “adopted” by multicellular organisms as the “darkness signal” when secreted in a circadian manner and is acutely suppressed by light at night by the pineal gland. However, melatonin is also produced by other tissues, which constitute its extrapineal sources. Apart from its undisputed chronobiotic function, melatonin exerts antioxidant, immunomodulatory, pro-apoptotic, antiproliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects, with all these properties making it a powerful antitumor agent. Indeed, this activity has been demonstrated to be mediated by interfering with various cancer hallmarks, and different epidemiological studies have also linked light at night (melatonin suppression) with a higher incidence of different types of cancer. In 2007, the World Health Organization classified night shift work as a probable carcinogen due to circadian disruption, where melatonin plays a central role. Our aim is to review, from a global perspective, the role of melatonin both from pineal and extrapineal origin, as well as their possible interplay, as an intrinsic factor in the incidence, development, and progression of cancer. Particular emphasis will be placed not only on those mechanisms related to melatonin’s antioxidant nature but also on the recently described novel roles of melatonin in microbiota and epigenetic regulation.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Removal of Manganese Ions From Polluted Aqueous Media by Glauconite Clay- Functionalized Chitosan Nanocomposites: Adsorption, Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Investigations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Y Nassar ◽  
Marwa M. Sobeih ◽  
M.F. El-Shahat ◽  
A. Osman ◽  
M. A. Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The presence of Mn(II) in water exceeding the permitted concentration declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) influences individuals, animals, and the ecosystem negatively. Therefore, there is a necessity for an efficient material to eliminate this potentially toxic element from wastewater. We herein focused on an adsorptive removal of Mn(II) ions from polluted aqueous media using natural Egyptian glauconite clay (G) and its nanocomposites with a modified chitosan (CS). The applied chitosan was modified with glutaraldehyde (GL), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The utilized nanocomposites were referred to as GL-CS/G, EDTA-GL-CS/G, SDS-CS/G, and CTAB-CS/G, respectively. The points of zero charge values of the as-prepared materials were estimated. The adsorption properties of the G clay and its nanocomposites toward the removal of Mn(II) ions from polluted aqueous media as well as the adsorption mechanism were explored using a batch technique. The glauconite (G) and its nanocomposites: GL-CS/G, CTAB-CS/G, EDTA-GL-CS/G, and SDS-CS/G, exhibited maximum adsorption capacity values of 3.750, 24.11, 26.25, 27.15, and 27.74mgg-1, respectively. The adsorption results fitted well the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The determined thermodynamic parameters revealed that the Mn(II) ion adsorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and physisorption controlled. Furthermore, the obtained adsorption results are encouraging and revealing a great potentiality for using the modified adsorbents as accessible adsorbents for Mn(II) ions removal from polluted aqueous solutions, depending on their reusability, high stability and good adsorption capacities.

scholarly journals An Indole-Based Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detecting Zn2+ in Aqueous Media and Zebrafish

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5591
Author(s):  
Donghwan Choe ◽  
Haeri So ◽  
Soyoung Park ◽  
Hangyul Lee ◽  
Ju Byeong Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Fluorescent Chemosensor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Nmr Titration ◽  
Real Water Samples ◽  
1H Nmr Titration ◽  
The World ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Health Organization

An indole-based fluorescent chemosensor IH-Sal was synthesized to detect Zn2+. IH-Sal displayed a marked fluorescence increment with Zn2+. The detection limit (0.41 μM) of IH-Sal for Zn2+ was greatly below that suggested by the World Health Organization. IH-Sal can quantify Zn2+ in real water samples. More significantly, IH-Sal could determine and depict the presence of Zn2+ in zebrafish. The detecting mechanism of IH-Sal toward Zn2+ was illustrated by fluorescence and UV–visible spectroscopy, DFT calculations, 1H NMR titration and ESI mass.

scholarly journals Health promotion: An integral discipline of public health

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Pati ◽  
Abhimanyu Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Participatory Model

Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health and is emerging as a critical domain of public health. Over the last two decades, the medical model of health care, with its reliance upon clinically oriented experts, has begun a subtle shift that highlights towards a participatory model of health promotion emphasizing healthful lifestyles and healthy communities. This health promotion movement demands public health professionals to create alliances with other disciplines which would ultimately strengthen a holistic model of health as envisaged by World Health Organization. Health promotion encompasses five key strategies with health communication and education as cornerstones. Although developed countries have incorporated health promotion activities as an integral component of their public health system and initiated health promotion education systematically, developing countries are yet to adopt the same. The present paper attempts to explore the importance of health promotion as a core discipline and tool in advancing public health education, research and practice. It further illustrates few health promotion models that have been adopted and practiced for community health development. The paper advocates for stronger recognition health promotion as an integral entity and incorporation of health promotion in all domains of public health.South East Asia J Public Health | Jan-June 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 1 | 3-7 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i1.15253

scholarly journals Modeling adsorption of brominated, chlorinated and mixed bromo/chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins on C60 fullerene using Nano-QSPR

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 752-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Urbaszek ◽  
Agnieszka Gajewicz ◽  
Celina Sikorska ◽  
Maciej Haranczyk ◽  
Tomasz Puzyn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
World Health ◽  
C60 Fullerene ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Qspr Model ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Organic Nanomaterials

Many technological implementations in the field of nanotechnology have involved carbon nanomaterials, including fullerenes such as the buckminsterfullerene, C60. The unprecedented properties of such organic nanomaterials (in particular their large surface area) gained extensive attention for their potential use as organic pollutant sorbents. Sorption interactions can be very hazardous and useful at the same time. This work investigates the influence of halogenation by bromine and/or chlorine in dibenzo-p-dioxins on their sorption ability on the C60 fullerene surface. Halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PXDDs, where X = Br or Cl) are ever-present in the environment and accidently produced in many technological processes in only approximately known quantities. If all combinatorial Br and/or Cl dioxin substitution possibilities are present in the environment, the experimental characterization and investigation of sorbent effectiveness is more than difficult. In this work, we have developed a quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) model (R2 = 0.998), predicting the adsorption energy [kcal/mol] for 1,701 PXDDs adsorbed on C60 (PXDD@C60). Based on the QSPR model reported herein, we concluded that the lowest energy PXDD@C60 complexes are those that the World Health Organization (WHO) considers to be less dangerous with respect to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) toxicity mechanism. Therefore, the effectiveness of fullerenes as sorbent agents may be underestimated as sorption could be less effective for toxic congeners than previously believed.

scholarly journals Selective and Sensitive Detection of Cyanide Based on the Displacement Strategy Using a Water-Soluble Fluorescent Probe

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming La ◽  
Yuanqiang Hao ◽  
Zhaoyang Wang ◽  
Guo-Cheng Han ◽  
Lingbo Qu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
World Health ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Health Organization

A water-soluble fluorescent probe (C-GGH) was used for the highly sensitive and selective detection of cyanide (CN−) in aqueous media based on the displacement strategy. Due to the presence of the recognition unit GGH (Gly-Gly-His), the probeC-GGH can coordinate with Cu2+and consequently display ON-OFF type fluorescence response. Furthermore, thein situformed nonfluorescentC-GGH-Cu2+complex can act as an effective OFF-ON type fluorescent probe for sensing CN−anion. Due to the strong binding affinity of CN−to Cu2+, CN−can extract Cu2+fromC-GGH-Cu2+complex, leading to the release ofC-GGH and the recovery of fluorescent emission of the system. The probeC-GGH-Cu2+allowed detection of CN−in aqueous solution with a LOD (limit of detection) of 0.017 μmol/L which is much lower than the maximum contaminant level (1.9 μmol/L) for CN−in drinking water set by the WHO (World Health Organization). The probe also displayed excellent specificity for CN−towards other anions, including F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, SCN−,PO43-,N3-,NO3-, AcO−,SO42-, andCO32-.

scholarly journals Waterborne Graphene- and Nanocellulose-Based Inks for Functional Conductive Films and 3D Structures

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Jose M. González-Domínguez ◽  
Alejandro Baigorri ◽  
Miguel Á. Álvarez-Sánchez ◽  
Eduardo Colom ◽  
Belén Villacampa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Resistance Surface ◽  
Conductive Films ◽  
Low Viscosity

In the vast field of conductive inks, graphene-based nanomaterials, including chemical derivatives such as graphene oxide as well as carbon nanotubes, offer important advantages as per their excellent physical properties. However, inks filled with carbon nanostructures are usually based on toxic and contaminating organic solvents or surfactants, posing serious health and environmental risks. Water is the most desirable medium for any envisioned application, thus, in this context, nanocellulose, an emerging nanomaterial, enables the dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in aqueous media within a sustainable and environmentally friendly scenario. In this work, we present the development of water-based inks made of a ternary system (graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes and nanocellulose) employing an autoclave method. Upon controlling the experimental variables, low-viscosity inks, high-viscosity pastes or self-standing hydrogels can be obtained in a tailored way. The resulting inks and pastes are further processed by spray- or rod-coating technologies into conductive films, and the hydrogels can be turned into aerogels by freeze-drying. The film properties, with respect to electrical surface resistance, surface morphology and robustness, present favorable opportunities as metal-free conductive layers in liquid-phase processed electronic device structures.

GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SULPHATE IN SOME SELECTED INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Umar Bilal ◽  
Ibrahim Imrana ◽  
Muhammad Suleiman Darma
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Technological Treatment

Gravimetric Analysis as one of the Analytical method for the Quantitative Determination of sulphate ions from aqueous media being the most simplest, rapid and low-cost method. This study evaluates some selected parameters and the results were compared with some regulatory standard; Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) in Nigeria and the World Health Organization. The Concentration of the selected industrial effluent was determined using the aforementioned method. The values of Density, TSS and TS were in the range of 0.950 g/ml – 0.976 g/ml, 67 ppm – 2051 ppm and 728 mg/L- 2700 mg/L respectively. While the percentage of sulphate obtained from each sample were 14.65%, 7.35%, 6.19, 17.93% and 29.01% for NASCO, DANA, KRPC, NILEST and KCV respectively. A new technological treatment process is recommended for these industries to provide good ways on waste management that are economically viable.

scholarly journals First report of antiviral activity of carbon nanofibers: Enhancement of the viral inhibition capacity of calcium alginate films

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaías Sanmartín-Santos ◽  
Sofía Gandía-Llop ◽  
Ángel Serrano-Aroca
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viral Inhibition ◽  
Enveloped Virus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe World Health Organization has called for new effective and affordable alternative antiviral materials for the prevention and treatment of viral infections. In this regard, calcium alginate has previously shown to possesses antiviral activity against the enveloped double-stranded DNA herpes simplex virus type 1. However, non-enveloped viruses are more resistant to inactivation than enveloped ones. Thus, the viral inhibition capacity of calcium alginate and the effect of adding a minuscule amount of carbon nanomaterials (0.1% w/w) have been explored here against a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus model for the first time. The results of this study showed that neat calcium alginate films are able to inactivate this type of non-enveloped virus and that including that extremely low percentage of carbon nanofibers significantly enhanced its viral inhibition from ~55.6% to 96.33%. This is the first published study to demonstrate CNFs’ antiviral activity. However, adding this small percentage of graphene oxide did not improve the antiviral activity of calcium alginate, although both composite biomaterials possess antiviral and other outstanding properties very promising for biomedical applications.

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