Transmen Individuals Have Hyperandrogenism Related Metabolic Changes Compared Ciswomen: Case Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Erel ◽  
Onur Elbasan ◽  
Neşe Yorguner ◽  
Eren İmre ◽  
Özlem ÜSTAY
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Rotterdam Criteria

Abstract Introduction : This study aims to evaluate metabolic parameters and hormonal profiles of transmen individuals who are referred from psychiatry outpatient clinic, compared to natal women. Method This study is designed as a single-center observational cohort study. Seventy drug-naive female to male transgender individuals (FtoM) and 34 healthy natal women for the control group were included. Hormone profile and metabolic parameters were measured and compared between the two groups. Results Sixteen of the 70 FtoM individuals meet Rotterdam criteria and are diagnosed with PCOS (22,85%), on the other hand in 4 individuals in the control group meet the criteria (11,7%). Although there wasn't any significant difference between the two groups weight and BMI; total testosterone, triglyceride, FAI, androstenedione, 17-OH progesterone, muscle strength, HOMA-IR levels were significantly higher in the transmen group and HDL levels were significantly higher in the control group (p values 0.001, 0.007, 0.013, 0.011, 0.001, 0.004 respectively.) Conclusion This is the first case-controlled study that compared anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrinological parameters of transmen individuals with cis women. In our study, we showed that even when PCOS patients were excluded, hyperandrogenemia continues in these individuals compared to cis women. It is clear that transmen individuals have higher androgen levels which may have been the reason for increased muscle strength, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia compared to natal women. But the main reason for hyperandrogenism in drug-naïve transmen individuals is still not known and more comprehensive further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Effect of oral isotretinoin on muscle strength in patients with acne vulgaris: a prospective controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevriye Mülkoğlu ◽  
Nermin Karaosmanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Isotretinoin

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal side effects related to isotretinoin are frequently reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin treatment on muscle strength. Our second aim was to evaluate whether there was a correlation between the serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level, a specific marker of muscle breakdown, and muscle strength. Methods This study included 30 patients who presented to our hospital and were started on oral isotretinoin treatment for acne vulgaris and 30 patients in the control group who were given local treatment. Age, sex, height and weight of the patients were recorded, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The hamstring and quadriceps muscle strengths of the non-dominant side were evaluated in all patients using an isokinetic dynamometer, and the peak torque (PT) values ​​were recorded. In the isotretinoin group, isokinetic measurements were performed again in those that completed six-month drug treatment and compared with the initial PT values. Results The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, and BMI (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the isotretinoin and control groups in terms of muscle strength at the beginning of the treatment (p > 0.05). No significant change was observed in hamstring and quadriceps PT values in the isotretinoin group after 6 months of treatment compared to baseline (p > 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between the serum CPK level and hamstring and quadriceps muscle strength (p > 0.05). Conclusion Oral isotretinoin doesn’t alter muscle strength. There is no relationship between the serum CPK levels and muscle strength.

scholarly journals Effects of whole-body vibration on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength, endurance, and power in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania G. Hegazy ◽  
Amr Almaz Abdel-aziem ◽  
Eman I. El Hadidy ◽  
Yosra M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Body Vibration

Abstract Background Hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) enormously affects the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. It causes weakness in the affected lower-extremity muscles in addition to muscle imbalance and inadequate power production, especially in the ankle plantar-flexor and knee extensor muscles. It also causes anomalous delayed myoelectrical action of the medial hamstring. A whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise can diminish muscle spasticity and improve walking speed, muscle strength, and gross motor function without causing unfavorable impacts in adults suffering from CP. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of WBV training associated with conventional physical therapy on the quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength, endurance, and power in children with hemiparetic CP. Results The post-intervention values of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle force, endurance, and power were significantly higher than the pre-intervention values for both groups (p = 0.001). The post-intervention values of the study group were significantly higher than the control group (quadriceps force, p = 0.015; hamstring force, p = 0.030; endurance, p = 0.025; power, p = 0.014). Conclusion The 8 weeks of WBV training that was added to traditional physical therapy was more successful in improving the quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength, endurance, and power in children with hemiparetic CP when compared to traditional physical therapy alone.

Self-Managed Music-Guided Exercise Intervention Improved Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength for ICU Survivors—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110502
Author(s):  
Zhan Liang ◽  
Hilary Yip ◽  
Kimberly Sena Moore ◽  
Tanira Ferreira ◽  
Ming Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of a self-managed music-guided exercise intervention on muscle strength among intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Methods We used a two-arm randomized-controlled trial. Following ICU discharge, eligible participants were assigned to one of two groups: music group ( n = 13) or active control group ( n = 13). The music group was taught to self-manage upper and lower extremity exercise movements by listening to an individualized music-guided playlist twice daily for 5 days. The active control group was provided an exercise brochure and advised to perform the same exercises at the same intervals. Dynamometers were used to measure muscle strength. T-tests and Weighted GEE models were used for testing the intervention effect between groups. Results Twenty-six subjects were enrolled. The mean age was 62.8 ( SD = 13.8), 53.8% were male, 65.4% were Caucasian, and the mean APACHE severity of illness score was 59 ( SD = 23.4). Reasons for ICU admission were mainly cardiac and medical. The music group showed significant improvements in handgrip, plantar flexion, leg extension, elbow flexion, and shoulder adduction strengths on left and right sides. Additionally, left and right leg extensor and left plantar flexor strengths showed significant post-differences, and small to moderately large effect sizes, between the music group and control group. Conclusion These findings suggest that a music-guided exercise intervention has the potential to improve muscle strength in ICU survivors and prevent further post-ICU deterioration in ICU survivors. Future trials should build upon these preliminary findings.

scholarly journals Clinical and immunological peculiarity of acute Epstein-Barr virus infection in adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
A. A Trisko ◽  
Marina G. Avdeeva ◽  
N. V Kolesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference

The goal - improving the quality of the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (IM) in adults on the basis of a comparative study of cytokine status in MI, acute tonsillitis and acute viral hepatitis. Materials and methods. We observed three groups of patients hospitalized in «Specialized Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Territory» in 2012-2014: 29 patients with myocardial infarction (group 1), 25 - with acute tonsillitis (group 2), 19 - with acute viral hepatitis (group 3) and the control group. The groups were matched by sex, age and severity of the disease. In the acute phase of the disease the level of cytokines IL-1a, IL-1β, RaIL-1, IL-4, INF-y in serum was studied by ELISA. Results. At the height of the infectious mononucleosis increased content of IL-1a, IL-1β and INF-y was observed. In acute viral hepatitis significant increase in IL-1β, a less pronounced increase in INF-y, and no increase in IL-1a were registered. Acute tonsillitis is characterized by no increase in IL-1a and smaller increase in INF-y, compared to infectious mononucleosis. Significant difference between infectious mononucleosis and acute tonsillitis was a considerable rise of IL-1a and INF-y in first case. Acute viral hepatitis differs from infectious mononucleosis with pronounced increase in IL-1β. Conclusion. Determined significant intergroup cytokine status differences in patients with infectious mononucleosis, acute tonsillitis, and acute viral hepatitis may be helpful as additional diagnostic criteria for well examined infections in adults.

Evaluation of red cell distribution width (RDW) as a septic marker in comparison with clinical scores and C-reactive protein

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed Naga ◽  
Mohammed Ismaeil Abdel Fattah ◽  
Walid Hamed Nofal ◽  
Mohammed Abd-elsalam AlMenshawe
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Clinical Scores ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Abstract Background Challenges of diagnosing and treating sepsis only seem more difficult as incidence increases, patients become older and sicker, and pathogenic organisms evolve. New understanding of inflammatory mediators and pathways, immunity, and genetic variability in this disease state suggests that the current definitions of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock are oversimplified. Objective The aim of our study is to evaluate the level of RDW, CRP and clinical scores "SOFA and APACHI" as markers in patients with sepsis and their levels on the outcome and resolution of sepsis in ICU. Methodology We conducted a prospective observational controlled study on 90 adult persons of both sex, 45 of them are adult patients and served as the study group (Group I), and the other 45 are healthy adult volunteers and served as the control group (Group II). The study group represented patients admitted to the ICU of Intensive Care Unit at Damanhour Medical National Institute who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock on arrival to ICU according to the SCCM/ ESICM/ ACCP/ ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Results. In the present study we found that CRP measured on admission was not a predictor of mortality, while that measured at day 5 and day 10 predicted mortality, where there was no statistically significant difference in CRP levels between survivors and non-survivors at the day of admission while there were statistically significant differences between survivors and non survivors according to CRP levels at day 5 (p = 0.001*) and at day 10 (p = 0.001*). It was found also that there were statistically significant differences between survivors and non-survivors according to RDW at day 1(p = 0.011*) and at day 5(p = 0.009*), at day 10 was found there was no statistically significant difference between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.338). Conclusion RDW is a new promising cheap and readily available biomarker that can be able to diagnose patients with sepsis with accuracy comparable to CRP. Also, RDW at admission is able to predict mortality.

Effect of 3-Month Lysine Supplementation on Growth and Muscle Function Parameters in Pre-pubertal Indian Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Sejil T. Verghese ◽  
Maria Pauline ◽  
Arun Das ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
Hand Dynamometer

Lysine is the limiting amino acid in the predominantly cereal and legume based typical Indian diet and its supplementation has been shown to positively affect muscle strength in short term adult and animal models; but similar studies are lacking in children. This study looked at the effect of a 3-month lysine and iron intervention on muscle strength and growth parameters in prepubertal Indian girls. The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in 40 normal Indian girls in the 9-10 yrs age group. The control group received only iron (6.25mg) supplementation, while the intervention group received both iron and lysine supplementation that increased the lysine intake to 50mg/kg/day. Muscle strength was estimated in both upper limbs with a hand dynamometer and muscle endurance was estimated in the non-dominant hand. Height and weight were recorded to assess growth. A significant difference was seen in the increase in the non-dominant hand grip strength between the groups (intervention: 1.4 vs control: 0.2 kg, p=0.042) at the end of the study. There was a trend of increased height gain (about 25%) and weight gain (about 50%) in the intervention group compared to control group. Lysine supplementation for 3 months increased non-dominant forearm muscle strength in Indian children.

scholarly journals Effects of a Meal Replacement on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters among Subjects with Overweight or Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Yifan Xu ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Hao Cai ◽  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Meal replacement plans are effective tools for weight loss and improvement of various clinical characteristics but not sustainable due to the severe energy restriction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of meal replacement, specifically 388 kcal in total energy, on body composition and metabolic parameters in individuals with overweight and obesity from a Chinese population. A parallel, randomized controlled trial was performed with 174 participants (ChiCTR-OOC-17012000). The intervention group (N=86) was provided with a dinner meal replacement, and the control group (N=88) continued their routine diet as before. Body composition and blood parameters were assessed at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. A post hoc analysis (least significant difference (LSD) test), repeated measurements, and pairedT-test were used to compare each variable within and between groups. Significant (p<0.001) improvements in body composition components were observed among the intervention group, including body weight (−4.3 ± 3.3%), body mass index (−4.3 ± 3.3%), waist circumference (−4.3 ± 4.4%), fat-free mass (−1.8 ± 2.9%), and body fat mass (−5.3 ± 8.8%). Body composition improvements corresponded with significant metabolic improvements of blood glucose (−4.7 ± 9.8%). Further improvements in visceral fat area (−7.7 ± 10.1%), accompanying with improvements in systolic (−3.7 ± 6.9%) and diastolic (−5.3 ± 7.7%) blood pressure, were only found in male subjects. To conclude, meal replacement intake with 388 kcal in total energy at dinner time for 12 weeks contributed to improvement in body composition and clinically significant metabolic parameters in both male and female participants with overweight/obesity. Additionally, glucose and blood pressure reduction were gender-specific highlighting the importance of gender stratification for design of nutritional intervention studies for improvement of health.

A Prospective Clinical Evaluation of the Effects of Intraoperative Systemic Anticoagulation in Patients Undergoing Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1112-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie R. Wang ◽  
Vincent L. Rowe ◽  
Sung Wan Ham ◽  
Sukgu Han ◽  
Kaushal Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heparin Group ◽  
Av Fistula ◽  
Fistula Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

No standard presently exists for the use of systemic heparin during angioaccess surgery to decrease the incidence of postoperative thrombotic complications. Our objective was to study the effects of intraoperatively administered heparin on 30-day patency and postoperative bleeding complications in patients undergoing autogenous arteriovenous (AV) fistula surgery. A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled study was performed on 48 patients undergoing AV fistula creation from April 2007 through November 2009. Of the 48 patients, 22 were randomized to the control group and received no heparin. Twenty-six were randomized to receive heparin (75 units/kg intravenously) before clamping of the artery. There was no significant difference in 30-day patency between the heparin and control groups (92% vs 86%, P = 0.65), respectively. Three patients (12%) developed hematomas in the heparin group compared with one (5%) in the control group; however the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.61). The results suggest that intraoperative administration of heparin has no statistically significant effect on 30-day patency rates or postoperative bleeding complications. Larger trials with longer term follow-up and assessment of maturation rates are needed to determine the effect of intraoperative anticoagulation on these outcomes of arteriovenous fistula surgery.

scholarly journals Acupuncture and Postoperative Vomiting in Day-Stay Paediatric Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Schwager ◽  
D. B. Baines ◽  
R. J. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postoperative Vomiting ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Transcutaneous Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stimulation Of

The stimulation of the acupuncture point P6 has been used to prevent nausea and vomiting in the adult population. It has, however, been subject to limited comparative evaluation in children. We proposed that stimulation of P6 and the analgesic point Li4 would reduce the incidence of postoperative vomiting. Eighty-four unpremedicated paediatric patients having day-stay surgery (circumcision or herniotomy/orchidopexy) were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of transcutaneous stimulation of P6 and Li4 or no stimulation. The incidence of vomiting was recorded for 24 hours postoperatively. There was no statistically significant difference in total postoperative vomiting in those patients who were stimulated, compared with the control group (P=0.909), or between any group for postoperative vomiting in the recovery ward, day-stay ward or at home. For all groups, vomiting was more common within the first four hours and more likely to occur in the day-stay ward.

scholarly journals Evaluating a combined bowel preparation for small-bowel capsule endoscopy: a prospective randomized–controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Hansel ◽  
Joseph A Murray ◽  
Jeffrey A Alexander ◽  
David H Bruining ◽  
Mark V Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Capsule endoscopy (CE) is frequently hindered by intra-luminal debris. Our aim was to determine whether a combination bowel preparation would improve small-bowel visualization, diagnostic yield, and the completion rate of CE. Methods Single-blind, prospective randomized–controlled study of outpatients scheduled for CE. Bowel-preparation subjects ingested 2 L of polyethylene glycol solution the night prior to CE, 5 mL simethicone and 5 mg metoclopramide 20 minutes prior to CE and laid in the right lateral position 30 minutes after swallowing CE. Controls had no solid food after 7 p.m. the night prior to CE and no liquids 4 hours prior to CE. Participants completed a satisfaction survey. Capsule readers completed a small-bowel-visualization assessment. Results Fifty patients were prospectively enrolled (56% female) with a median age of 54.4 years and 44 completed the study (23 patients in the control group and 21 in the preparation group). There was no significant difference between groups on quartile-based small-bowel visualization (all P &gt; 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups in diagnostic yield (P = 0.69), mean gastric (P = 0.10) or small-bowel transit time (P = 0.89). The small-bowel completion rate was significantly higher in the preparation group (100% vs 78%; P = 0.02). Bowel-preparation subjects reported significantly more discomfort than controls (62% vs 17%; P = 0.01). Conclusions Combined bowel preparation did not improve small-bowel visualization but did significantly increase patient discomfort. The CE completion rate improved in the preparation group but the diagnostic yield was unaffected. Based on our findings, a bowel preparation prior to CE does not appear to improve CE performance and results in decreased patient satisfaction (ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT01243736).

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