scholarly journals Giant paraovarian cyst in an adolescent: a challenge of accurate diagnostic

Author(s):  
Ioana Anca Stefanopol ◽  
Dumitru Marius Danila ◽  
Georgiana Bianca Constantin ◽  
Liliana Baroiu

Abstract BackgroundParaovarian cysts (POCs) are rarely seen among pediatric female patients. The diagnosis still represents a challenge. Giant POCs are exceedingly rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature.Case presentationA 17-year-old girl from the rural area presented with abdominal pain, pollakiuria and a giant abdomino-pelvic mass. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a 14cm x 24cm x 30cm anechoic unilocular cyst which raised the suspicion of a mesenteric or ovarian cyst. The correct diagnosis of left POC was established intraoperatory. Cystectomy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was serous cystadenoma.DiscussionsPOCs become symptomatic when reach large sizes or complicate, the most feared complication being ovary torsion. Imagistic investigations can establish the diagnosis of cyst, but the cyst’s origin often remains an intraoperatory discovery. Surgical excision is necessary to decrease the risk of complications, and adnexal preservation is essential in pediatric patients. Even for pediatric female patients POC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic abdominal masses.

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
S. A. Buryakina ◽  
N. V. Tarbaeva ◽  
N. N. Volevodz ◽  
G. G. Karmazanovsky ◽  
L. D. Kovalevich ◽  
...  

The adrenal incidentaloma is a lesion of a different etiology and found incidentally in patients who underwent a diagnostic study not about the disease of this organ. Lesions can be both hormonally inactive and hormonally active, can arise from different zones of the adrenal gland or have non-specific organ affiliation, can be benign or malignant. Computed tomography characterization of these lesions, especially the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant, is extremely important for the correct diagnosis in order to provide adequate management of the patient. The article presents the key computed tomography criteria that allow radiologist to characterize the lesion most accurately and consider appropriate diagnosis.


Posterior scleritis is a painful inflammatory disease that affects the sclera behind the ora serrata. Although it can be seen at any age, it is mostly seen over the age of 40 and mostly affects women. It is usually unilateral. The most common symptoms are periocular pain and loss of vision. It is often idiopathic but it may be associated with systemic diseases such as rheumatologic and autoimmune illnesses. Because of its variable clinical features, the differential diagnosis should be done with orbital or intraocular inflammation and ocular tumors. B-mode ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in diagnosis. Posterior scleritis should be kept in mind in all inflammatory and painful ocular disorders without a significant etiology. With the correct diagnosis, appropriate and aggressive treatment, it is possible to recover and protect vision.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omran Al Dandan ◽  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Mona Al Muhaish ◽  
Jumanah AlMatrouk ◽  
Haidar Almuhanna ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Elastofibroma is a benign soft tissue tumor characterized by the presence of elastic fibers in a stroma of collagen and mature adipose tissue. It is reported to have a prevalence of 2.73%, as shown by a study through computed tomography (CT) images. However, multiple elastofibromas are uncommon. Case presentation We report a case of concomitant bilateral elastofibroma in the infrascapular and gluteal regions. A 63-year-old male patient presented with a 6-month history of gradually increasing painless swellings in the upper back. On physical examination, firm, painless bilateral infrascapular masses were identified; these masses were more noticeable on forward arm flexion. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed well-defined bilateral infrascapular masses deep to the serratus anterior muscles as well as poorly defined bilateral gluteal masses with attenuation similar to that of the adjacent skeletal muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed heterogenous masses with internal fatty streaks, consistent with elastofibroma. The histopathological diagnosis of elastofibroma was established based on the results of image-guided core-needle biopsy. The patient underwent surgical excision of both infrascapular elastofibromas with no post-operative complications. As the gluteal masses were incidental, surgical management was not warranted. Conclusion The presence of multiple elastofibromas is unusual. This report describes a rare case of multiple elastofibromas and its typical imaging features, and alerts us that elastofibromas are not exclusive to the periscapular region.


2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Anastasi ◽  
Lucia Manganaro ◽  
Teresa Granato ◽  
Pierluigi Benedetti Panici ◽  
Luigi Frati ◽  
...  

Background. Surgical excision of ovarian endometriomas in patients desiring pregnancy has recently been criticized because of the risk of damage to healthy ovarian tissue and consequent reduction of ovarian reserve. A correct diagnosis in cases not scheduled for surgery is therefore mandatory in order to avoid unexpected ovarian cancer misdiagnosis. Endometriosis is often associated with high levels of CA125. This marker is therefore not useful for discriminating ovarian endometrioma from ovarian malignancy. The aim of this study was to establish if the serum marker CA72-4 could be helpful in the differential diagnosis between ovarian endometriosis and epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods. Serums CA125 and CA72-4 were measured in 72 patients with ovarian endometriomas and 55 patients with ovarian cancer.Results. High CA125 concentrations were observed in patients with ovarian endometriosis and in those with ovarian cancer. A marked difference in CA72-4 values was observed between women with ovarian cancer (71.0%) and patients with endometriosis (13.8%) ().Conclusions. This study suggests that CA72-4 determination can be useful to confirm the benign nature of ovarian endometriomas in women with high CA125 levels.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Martina Galea Wismayer ◽  
Kurstein Sant ◽  
Ryan Giordmaina ◽  
Martin McNally

Abstract. This paper presents the first report of osteomyelitis in heterotopic ossification in a patient with macrodystrophia lipomatosa. Careful review of magnetic resonance imaging allowed correct diagnosis and design of a limited surgical excision. Osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pain and discharge when heterotopic ossification is present.


Author(s):  
Lee Rousslang ◽  
Jaren Meldrum ◽  
Rooks Veronica ◽  
Augustah Poutre ◽  
Timothy Biega

Abstract:: Ectopic thymic tissue is an unusual finding that is generally asymptomatic. We present a case series of five pediatric patients with cervical ectopic thymuses. In two patients, the ectopic thymic tissue was symptomatic, and in three patients it was an incidental finding. We highlight the need to include this anomaly on the differential diagnosis for a pediatric neck mass. We also propose observation, rather than surgical excision, as the treatment of choice for asymptomatic cervical ectopic thymus.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Raminta Šydeikienė ◽  
Jūratė Dementavičienė ◽  
Aurelijus Grigaliūnas

Raminta Šydeikienė1, Jūratė Dementavičienė2, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas11 Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-2043 Vilnius,2 Vilniaus universiteto ligoninė "Santariškių klinikos",Santariškių g. 2, LT-2021 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Ūminio apendicito diagnozę dažniausiai galima tiksliai nustatyti pagal klinikinius požymius ir sėkmingai taikyti chirurginį gydymą. Tačiau apie 20–30% operacinių radinių nepatvirtina ūminio apendicito diagnozės – kirmėlinė atauga būna nepakitusi. Todėl neaiškiais klinikiniais atvejais turėtų būti taikomas nuodugnesnis ligonio ištyrimas prieš operaciją, kad galėtume nustatyti skausmo dešiniajame apatiniame pilvo kvadrante priežastį. Mūsų tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti ultragarso (UG) ir kompiuterinės tomografijos (KT) reikšmę diagnozuojant ūminį apendicitą. Ligoniai ir metodai Kiekvienais metais Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės Bendrosios chirurgijos centre operuojama apie 750 ligonių, kuriems diagnozuojamas ūminis apendicitas. Nuo 2000 m. iki 2003 m. pirmojo pusmečio pabaigos 225 ligoniams, tirtiems ultragarsu, buvo nustatyta ūminio apendicito diagnozė. Mūsų ligoninėje operuoti 193 ligoniai (85,78%), iš jų 101 moteris ir 92 vyrai (amžius nuo 16 iki 80 metų). Rezultatai Iš 225 ligonių, kuriems ultragarsu buvo nustatyta ūminio apendicito diagnozė, mūsų ligoninėje operuoti 193 (85,78%). 32 ligoniams (14,22%) chirurginis gydymas nebuvo taikytas. Operacijos radiniai su UG nesutapo 44 atvejais (22,8%), iš kurių 20 atvejų (10,4%) buvo diagnozuotas katarinis apendicitas, 24 atvejais (12,4%) – kita patologija: divertikulitas, Krono liga, pūlinis adneksitas, aklosios ir storosios žarnų navikai ir kt. 149 ligoniams (77,20%) nustatyta ūminio apendicito diagnozė, iš jų 82 (42,49%) – flegmoninis apendicitas, 25 (12,95%) – gangreninis apendicitas, 42 (21,76%) – gangreninis perforacinis apendicitas ir apendikulinis abscesas. Kompiuterinė tomografija buvo atlikta 43 ligoniams, kuriems ūminio apendicito klinika, subjektyvūs skundai, objektyvių tyrimų duomenys ir ligos eiga buvo ne visai tipiški, o UG tyrimu diagnozė nenustatyta. Šešiolikai ligonių buvo patvirtinta ūminio ar ūminio komplikuoto apendicito diagnozė, 10 ligonių pokyčių nerasta, o 17 ligonių diagnozuotos kitos ligos. Išvados Pilvo dešiniojo apatinio kvadranto skausmą gali sukelti daugelis ūminių ligų. Kai klinikiniai radiniai yra abejotini, turėtų būti atliekamas ultragarsinis tyrimas. Tais atvejais, kai diagnozė lieka neaiški, būtina atlikti pilvo ir dubens kompiuterinę tomografiją. Prasminiai žodžiai: ūminis apendicitas, ultragarsinis tyrimas (UG), sonoskopija, kompiuterinė tomografija (KT). The value of ultrasonography and computed tomography in diagnosing acute appendicitis Raminta Šydeikienė1, Jūratė Dementavičienė2, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas1 Background / objective The purpose of our study was to determine the role of US and CT in differential diagnosis of suspected acute appendicitis. In most cases the clinical findings are reliable for correct diagnosis and emergent surgery due to acute appendictitis. Nevertheless, 20–30% of operation findings do not confirm the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (normal appendix is found). In some cases additional examinations should be done prior to surgery. Patients and methods Every year almost 750 patients with acute appendicitis are operated on at Vilnius University Emergency Hospital. 225 patiens were examined with US for suspected acute appendicitis in the period 2000–half 2003. In 193 cases (85.78%) patients were operated on. Sex: 101 F, 92 M. The age varied from 16 to 80 years. By CT, 43 patients were examined. In all cases helical unenhanced CT was performed, with collimation 8 mm and table feed 12 mm. In the cases when differential diagnosis was necessary, 50 ml of 300 g/ml J nonionic contrast material was injected i/v (by hand). Results For suspected acute appendicitis 225 patients were examined with US. In 193 cases (85.78%) patients were operated on. In 32 cases (14.22%) no emergent surgery was performed in our hospital. The disagreement of findings was in 44 cases (22.8%), where in 20 cases (10.4%) appendicitis catarrhalis and in 24 cases (12.4%) other pathology (coecum, colon tumor, Crohn’s disease, diverticulitis, adnexitis) were found. In 149 cases (77.20%) the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was confirmed, including phlegmonous in 82 cases (42.49%), gangrenous in 25 cases (12.95%), gangrenous perforated and appendiculas abscesses in 42 cases (21.76%). CT revealed acute or acute complicated appendicitis in 16 cases, no changes were found in 10 cases, other diseases were found in 17 cases. Conclusions Acute clinical presentation of the diseases in the right lower quadrant could be caused by a broad spectrum of pathologies.When clinical findings are doubtful, US should be performed. In the case when all data do not confirm the diagnosis, CT is necessary for additional information and correct diagnosis. Keywords: acute appendicitis, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT).


Neurosurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Vernet ◽  
Heinz Fankhauser ◽  
Pierre Schnyder ◽  
Jean-Pierre Déruaz

Abstract Six cases of cyst of the ligamentum flavum with compression of a lumbar nerve root are reported. All patients exhibited recurrent back pain and sciatica. Investigation included computed tomography, myelography, or both. The correct diagnosis was reached before operation in only half the patients. High-resolution computed tomography performed in the four last patients outlined the cystic lesion with its low-density center. Surgical excision was performed in all patients. Microscopic examination showed a dense fibrous cyst arising from the ligamentum flavum. The lumen contained myxoid or necrotic material, but no epithelial lining. Cysts of the ligamentum flavum must be considered in the differential diagnosis of causes of sciatica. A firm radiological diagnosis may, at present, still require myelography combined with high-resolution computed tomography. Differentiation from synovial or ganglion cysts of the spine is discussed.


MedAlliance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73

SummaryIntroduction. Bronchocele is a relatively frequent inci-dental finding on computed tomography and is a dilated bronchus filled with mucous content due to continued se-cretion of the mucous membrane and proximal airway ob-struction, which often manifests itself as tubular branched structures associated with the bronchial tree («Finger in glove» sign). Purpose: to present “from simple to complex” diagnostic algorithm for detecting changes in the type of bronchocele on computed tomography. Results. The dif-ferential diagnosis of the causes of bronchocele is wide and includes both congenital and acquired pathologies, which can be divided into obstructive and non-obstructive. Also, etiology-wise, they can be divided into the following groups: congenital infectious pathology, and obstruction of the bronchus by masses or foreign body. Computed tomography is the preferred method for diagnosing bron-chocele; in some cases, CT is performed in combination with contrast enhancement for differential diagnosis with arteriovenous malformation or atypical manifestation of lung metastases. In case of a locally located bronchocele, obstructive genesis by masses or foreign body should always be excluded, which requires the use of broncho-scopic examination methods. The most difficult option for differential diagnosis is bronchocele caused by infectious agents, due to the non-specificity of the radiation pattern. To make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to verify and identify the pathogen. Conclusion. The paper presents a diagnostic algorithm that allows to optimally diagnoseis the “bronchocele” type changes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reubina Wadee ◽  
Zwelithini Linda ◽  
Abdullah Ismail

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours are uncommon neoplasms, usually associated with tumour-induced osteomalacia, that occur in middle-aged adults but have been reported at the extremes of age. The 'non-phosphaturic' variant is even rarer METHODS: Herein, we describe the non-phosphaturic variant in a 12-year-old male who presented to the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery with a six-month history of painful progressive swelling of his right forearm in the absence of trauma. He had no other significant symptoms RESULTS: The patient had normal serum calcium and phosphate levels on biochemical analysis. An inci-sional biopsy was performed and a histopathological diagnosis of a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour, non-phosphaturic variant, was rendered. Six weeks later, he underwent surgical excision of a 15x15 cm soft tissue mass from his right forearm. He had an uneventful postoperative period and was discharged. He has been followed up at the outpatient department and has been free of tumour recurrence for over 18 months since his surgery with no evidence of osteomalacia and no other tumours CONCLUSION: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours are rare mesenchymal neoplasms and their microscopically identical counterpart without phosphaturia, known as the 'non-phosphaturic' variant, is even more uncommon and may prove a greater diagnostic challenge. While the diagnosis may be confirmed by hypophosphataemia and phosphaturia secondary to the paraneoplastic phenomenon of tumour-induced osteomalacia, there may be instances, such as with our patient, where tumour-induced osteomalacia is absent. This case underscores the importance of clinicopathological correlation together with a wide differential diagnosis required to arrive at a correct diagnosis to facilitate appropriate patient management Level of evidence: Level 5 Keywords: phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours, non-phosphaturic variant


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document