scholarly journals Operation Field Contamination During Intraoperative Fluoroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Fei Yang ◽  
Jian Tang ◽  
Jingjing Dai ◽  
Xiaoqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Postoperative Infection ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
Columbia Agar ◽  
Sterile Drape

Abstract Background: intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy is commonly performed during traumatic orthopedic surgeries. The C-arm sterile drape is often used in cases of contamination of the operative field following postoperative infection. The aim of the present study was to investigate operation field contamination during traumatic orthopedic surgeries and evaluate the factors, especially intraoperative fluoroscopy, which affect operation field contamination. Methods: sterile 5% sheep blood Columbia agar plates were used to simulate the operation field. The C-arm was moved over the operation field in different grade clean operating rooms, simulating intraoperative fluoroscopy. The agar plates were then incubated and assessed for bacterial colony growth. Results: our results showed significant differences between the 3rd grade clean operating room and the 2nd or 1st grade clean operating rooms in the risk of operation field contamination. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in the operation field contamination between the C-arm drape group and the control group. Conclusions: we conclude that C-arm equipment can be used without the drape during orthopedic surgeries to avoid contact with the operation field.

scholarly journals Sublethal concentrations of clothianidin affect honey bee colony growth and hive CO2 concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Meikle ◽  
John J. Adamczyk ◽  
Milagra Weiss ◽  
Janie Ross ◽  
Chris Werle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies

AbstractThe effects of agricultural pesticide exposure upon honey bee colonies is of increasing interest to beekeepers and researchers, and the impact of neonicotinoid pesticides in particular has come under intense scrutiny. To explore potential colony-level effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide at field-relevant concentrations, honey bee colonies were fed 5- and 20-ppb concentrations of clothianidin in sugar syrup while control colonies were fed unadulterated syrup. Two experiments were conducted in successive years at the same site in southern Arizona, and one in the high rainfall environment of Mississippi. Across all three experiments, adult bee masses were about 21% lower among colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin than the untreated control group, but no effects of treatment on brood production were observed. Average daily hive weight losses per day in the 5-ppb clothianidin colonies were about 39% lower post-treatment than in the 20-ppb clothianidin colonies, indicating lower consumption and/or better foraging, but the dry weights of newly-emerged adult bees were on average 6–7% lower in the 5-ppb group compared to the other groups, suggesting a nutritional problem in the 5-ppb group. Internal hive CO2 concentration was higher on average in colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin, which could have resulted from greater CO2 production and/or reduced ventilating activity. Hive temperature average and daily variability were not affected by clothianidin exposure but did differ significantly among trials. Clothianidin was found to be, like imidacloprid, highly stable in honey in the hive environment over several months.

scholarly journals Design Opportunities to Reduce Waste in Operating Rooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2207
Author(s):  
Charlotte Harding ◽  
Joren Van Loon ◽  
Ingrid Moons ◽  
Gunter De Win ◽  
Els Du Bois
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Hospital Waste ◽  
Observation Results ◽  
Taking Care

While taking care of the population’s health, hospitals generate mountains of waste, which in turn causes a hazard to the environment of the population. The operating room is responsible for a disproportionately big amount of hospital waste. This research aims to investigate waste creation in the operating room in order to identify design opportunities to support waste reduction according to the circular economy. Eight observations and five expert interviews were conducted in a large sized hospital. The hospital’s waste infrastructure, management, and sterilization department were mapped out. Findings are that washable towels and operation instruments are reused; paper, cardboard, and specific fabric are being recycled; and (non-)hazardous medical waste is being incinerated. Observation results and literature findings are largely comparable, stating that covering sheets of the operation bed, sterile clothing, sterile packaging, and department-specific products are as well the most used and discarded. The research also identified two waste hotspots: the logistical packaging (tertiary, secondary, and primary) of products and incorrect sorting between hazardous and non-hazardous medical waste. Design opportunities include optimization of recycling and increased use of reusables. Reuse is the preferred method, more specifically by exploring the possibilities of reuse of textiles, consumables, and packaging.

Clinical Application of a 3D-Printed Positioning Module and Navigation Template for Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 155335062110624
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Penghui Ni ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Zhanxin Lu ◽  
Dapeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Vertebroplasty ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Navigation Template

Background This study aimed to evaluate a personalized 3D-printed percutaneous vertebroplasty positioning module and navigation template based on preoperative CT scan data that was designed to treat patients with vertebral compression fractures caused by osteoporosis. Methods A total of 22 patients with vertebral compression fractures admitted to our hospital were included in the study. Positioning was performed with the new 3D-printed positioning module, and the navigation template was used for patients in the experimental group, and the traditional perspective method was used for patients in the control group. The experimental group consisted of 11 patients, 2 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 67.27 ± 11.86 years (range: 48 to 80 years), and the control group consisted of 11 patients, 3 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 74.27 ± 7.24 years (range: 63 to 89 years). The puncture positioning duration, number of intraoperative fluoroscopy sessions, and preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores were statistically analyzed in both groups. Results The experimental group had shorter puncture positioning durations and fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy sessions than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). There were no significant differences in age or preoperative or postoperative VAS scores between the two groups (P > .05). Conclusions The new 3D-printed vertebroplasty positioning module and navigation template shortened the operation time and reduced the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy sessions. It also reduced the difficulty in performing percutaneous vertebroplasty and influenced the learning curve of senior doctors learning this operation to a certain degree.

scholarly journals 1225. How Frequently Should Sink Drains Be Disinfected?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S440-S440
Author(s):  
Jorge A Ramos-Castaneda ◽  
Matthew L Faron ◽  
Joshua Hyke ◽  
Blake W Buchan ◽  
Rahul Nanchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Reduction ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

Abstract Background New evidence shows the relevance of sink drains in the horizontal transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms. We recently demonstrated that a peroxide-based disinfectant (product B) was better than bleach at disinfecting sink drains; however, we did not determine the duration of this effect. In this study, we evaluate the duration of bacterial reduction in sink drains treated with product B and compared it to an enhanced hydrogen peroxide agent (product A). Methods Testing was performed in a 26-bed medical intensive care unit at a 566-bed tertiary care hospital in Milwaukee, WI. Two disinfectants were compared: product A (hydrogen peroxide, octanoic acid, and peroxyacetic acid; Virasept, Ecolab) and product B (hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectant; Peroxide Multi Surface Cleaner and Disinfectant, Ecolab). Sinks were randomly assigned to product A, product B, and control (no disinfection). On day 0, baseline cultures were obtained and disinfectant agents were applied. On post-intervention days 1, 3, 5, and, 7, samples from each drain were collected using E-swabs (Copan, Italy). Quantitation of Gram-negative burden was determined by serial dilution in saline plated to MacConkey agar and dilutions that contained 20–200 colonies were used for bacterial colony-forming units (CFU). Multivariate multiple linear regression and analysis of variance were used to compare mean Ln(1+CFU) between groups using R v3.5.0. Environmental sampling, cultures, and statistical analyses were performed blinded to the disinfected used. Results All three groups had similar CFU counts at baseline (P > 0.05). On day 1, a statistically significant reduction in bacterial CFUs was observed in the group treated with product A compared with sinks treated with product B (P = 0.04) or the control group (P < 0.01). The same differences were observed on day 3 post-intervention. There were no significant reductions on days 5 and 7. Conclusion Product A was the most effective product at disinfecting sink drains but its effect disappeared at 5 days post-disinfection. These results suggest that treating sink drains every 5 days with a hydrogen peroxide mixture would be ideal for healthcare facilities dealing with sink drain contamination. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Preoperative Localization of Spinal and Peripheral Pathologies for Surgery by Computed Tomography–Guided Placement of a Specialized Needle System

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Slotty ◽  
Patrick Kröpil ◽  
Mark Klingenhöfer ◽  
Hans-Jakob Steiger ◽  
Daniel Hänggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Operating Room Personnel ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Marking ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
Nerve Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Localization

Abstract OBJECTIVE Exact intraoperative localization of pathologies in spinal and peripheral nerve surgery is not easily achieved. In spinal surgery, intraoperative fluoroscopy is the common method for identification of the level affected. It seldom visualizes the pathology itself and is prone to error in identifying anatomic disorders and superimposing structures. In peripheral nerve surgery, intraoperative fluoroscopy is of little value. The present technical study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using a preoperative computed tomography–guided needle marking system, which was previously developed for use in gynecology. The goal was to reduce intraoperative localization error and radiation exposure to patients and operating room personnel. METHODS We used a flexible hooked-wire needle marking system, which has previously been used for preoperative marking of breast lesions, to localize and tag spinal and peripheral nerve pathologies. Marking was carried out under computed tomographic control before surgery. Seven illustrative cases were chosen for this report: 6 patients with disorders of the spine and 1 patient with a peripheral nerve schwannoma. RESULTS No adverse reactions, aside from minor discomfort, were observed in this study. In all cases, the needle could be used as a reliable guide for the surgical approach and led directly to the pathology. In no case was additional intraoperative fluoroscopy needed. The level of radiation exposure to the patient as a result of computed tomography–based marking was similar to or less than that encountered in conventional intraoperative x-ray localization. Radiation exposure to the operating room personnel was eliminated by this method. CONCLUSION Preoperative marking of spinal level or peripheral nerve pathologies with a flexible hooked-wire needle marking system is feasible and appears to be safe and useful for neurosurgical spinal and peripheral procedures.

scholarly journals Early, Subclinical Hematological Changes Associated with Occupational Exposure to High Levels of Nitrous Oxide

Toxics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Amiri ◽  
Masoud Neghab ◽  
Fatemeh Shouroki ◽  
Saeed Yousefinejad ◽  
Jafar Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Operating Room Personnel ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Inhalation Anesthetics ◽  
Hematological Changes

This study was undertaken to determine whether exposure of operating room personnel to inhalation anesthetics, nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and sevoflurane was associated with any hematological changes. This historical cohort study was performed in 2018 at a large public hospital in Shiraz, where 52 operating room personnel and 52 administrative staff were investigated. The blood sample was taken from all individuals for Complete Blood Count. Furthermore, demographic information was collected through questionnaires. Mean atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, to which subjects were exposed, were 850.92, 2.40, and 0.18 ppm, respectively. The hematological parameters were within the normal range in both groups. However, the mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and red blood cell count in the exposed group were significantly lower than the control group. No significant differences were noted between the two groups as far as other hematological factors were concerned. These findings provide circumstantial evidence to further substantiate the notion that occupational exposure to inhalation anesthetics, under the exposure scenario explained in this study, is associated with subtle, subclinical, prepathologic hematological changes. Long-term consequence and ramifications of these effects require further investigation. The range of exposure levels to anesthetic gases in operating rooms.

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