Multi-Echelon Distributed Army Leaders' Information Support Training (Medalist): Prototype Development and Recommendations for Future Research

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Graves ◽  
Charles G. Heiden ◽  
Samuel N. Jenkins ◽  
Michael R. Flynn ◽  
Paul G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prototype Development

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Takeover Performance During Conditionally Automated Driving

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082097647
Author(s):  
Bradley W. Weaver ◽  
Patricia R. DeLucia
Keyword(s):  
Time Budget ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Task Engagement ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Driving Task

Objective The aim of this paper was to synthesize the experimental research on factors that affect takeover performance during conditionally automated driving. Background For conditionally automated driving, the automated driving system (ADS) can handle the entire dynamic driving task but only for limited domains. When the system reaches a limit, the driver is responsible for taking over vehicle control, which may be affected by how much time they are provided to take over, what they were doing prior to the takeover, or the type of information provided to them during the takeover. Method Out of 8446 articles identified by a systematic literature search, 48 articles containing 51 experiments were included in the meta-analysis. Coded independent variables were time budget, non-driving related task engagement and resource demands, and information support during the takeover. Coded dependent variables were takeover timing and quality measures. Results Engaging in non-driving related tasks results in degraded takeover performance, particularly if it has overlapping resource demands with the driving task. Weak evidence suggests takeover performance is impaired with shorter time budgets. Current implementations of information support did not affect takeover performance. Conclusion Future research and implementation should focus on providing the driver more time to take over while automation is active and should further explore information support. Application The results of the current paper indicate the need for the development and deployment of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services and driver monitoring.

Influence Strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-36
Author(s):  
Bryan Pickett ◽  
Mike Lingenfelter
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Boer War ◽  
Influence Strategy ◽  
Military Involvement ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The U.S. strategy in the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan as well as with al-Qaeda has focused predominantly on heavy U.S. military involvement (with a high proportion of kinetic operations), while using influence components (media, public diplomacy, Civil Affairs (CA), Military Information Support Operations (MISO), and Public Affairs (PA)), for the most part, in a reactive manner. This paper explores influence strategy and theory to identify what the key components of an effective influence strategy are, and how to modify these components to increase strategic effectiveness. First examined is the relationship of influence strategy with grand strategy, then progressed to examining several key influence theories as proposed by Cialdini, Ellul, Pratkanis, and Aronson, Tugwell, McLuhan, and Reilly. From the review, it appears that there are multiple descriptive formulations of the components of influence, but no specific formulations on how to develop an effective influence strategy using these principles. The principles of influence were compared and several hypotheses regarding an effective influence strategy proposed to help achieve the desired political end-state. The authors plan to test these hypotheses in future research using case studies of the Boer War, WWI, WWII, the Cold War, and the current conflict of U.S. versus trans-national Jihadi terrorists.

Examining the determinants and outcomes of netizens’ participation behaviors on government social media profiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-325
Author(s):  
Junpeng Guo ◽  
Chunxin Zhang ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Involvement

Purpose Government social media profiles (GSPs) are increasingly used by government agencies during social crises, and the success of GSPs is highly dependent on netizens’ participation behavior (NPB). Drawing upon the social support theory, the purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical model to examine the determinants and outcomes of NPB during a social crisis. Design/methodology/approach To test the research model, a field survey was conducted in the context of Tianjin 2015 explosions in China. The authors adopted a two-step approach to test the models. First, the authors conducted exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the measurement properties of the reflective latent constructs. Then, the authors performed a structural equation analysis to test the hypotheses. Findings The results show that information support and emotional support are significant determinants of NPB and persona involvement moderates the relationships between them. Additionally, this study reveals that information source preference and increasing enthusiasm for becoming a civil journalist are two critical and significant outcomes of NPB. Research limitations/implications There are some limitations in this paper that must be taken into account when interpreting its findings. First, the study is designed on a single profile and concerns a single social crisis. Additionally, future research might consider incorporating factors beyond the individual level, e.g., community social capital (Putnam, 1993). Finally, with the emergence of various IT platforms, such as a government’s own website and online forms, future research can investigate how their characteristics can facilitate other social media platforms’ participation. Practical implications This paper offers a number of crucial research implications to the literature of social media in crisis management, thereby contributing to the explanation of NPB on GSPs in the management of social crises. Considering social support as a factor affecting NPB on GSPs, the authors also add personal involvement to the research on the functions of NPB on GSPs and include encouraging civil journalist and making GSPs the principal source of political information. Social implications The research provides participating netizens on GSPs with some suggestions about generating more cost-effective and useful interventions to improve netizen participation levels on GSPs. The findings highlight that governmental social media profiles must focus on continuous development, such as trying best to satisfy the habits of netizens, to motivate netizens to create dependence of information acquisition on the GSPs, called information source preference. On the other hand, the study reminds netizens of the importance of NPB on GSPs during crises and encourages them to act as civil journalist. Originality/value First, the study investigated the outcome effect of NPB on GSPs on netizens’ information source preference and civil journalist. Second, this study identifies the determinants of NBPs on GSPs from both the informational and the emotional support perspectives. Third, this study investigates the moderating effects of personal involvement on the relationships between determinants from social support and NPB on GSPs.

scholarly journals Using nominal group technique to advance power assisted exercise equipment for people with stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Young ◽  
Karen Sage ◽  
David Broom ◽  
Katherine Broomfield ◽  
Gavin Church ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Nominal Group Technique ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Exercise Equipment ◽  
Group Technique

Abstract Background Power assisted exercise is accessible and acceptable for people with stroke. The potential for technological advancement of the equipment to improve the user experience has been identified. Involvement of end users and service providers in the design of health technologies is essential in determining how said technology is perceived and adopted. This project invited people with stroke and service providers to influence design features and determine machine selection in the preliminary stages of a codesign research programme. Aims To capture the perspectives of people with stroke and professionals working with people with stroke about proposed digitalisation of power assisted exercise equipment and select machines for prototype development. Methods Nominal group technique was used to capture the perspectives, ideas, preferences and priorities of three stakeholder groups: people with stroke (n = 3, mean age 66 years), rehabilitation professionals (n = 3) and exercise scientists (n = 3). Two questions underpinned the structure of the events; ‘What does an assistive exercise machine need to do to allow the person with stroke to engage in exercise?’ and ‘Which machines would you prioritise for use with People with Stroke?’ Attendees were invited to cast votes to indicate their preferred machines. Findings Synthesis of the data from the NGT identified four domains; software and interface, exercise programme, machine and accessories, setting and service. Three preferred machines from a range of nine were identified through vote counting. Conclusion Nominal group technique directed the selection of machines to be included in the development of the proposed technology. The vision shared by users during the structured discussion shaped the subsequent steps in the design and testing of the new technology. Patient and service provider contribution The opinions and preferences of people with stroke, rehabilitation professionals and exercise scientists were central to key decisions which will shape the digitalisation of power assisted equipment, influence future research and guide implementation of the new technologies.

scholarly journals Social Network Banking

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Bohlin ◽  
Aijaz A. Shaikh ◽  
Payam Hanafizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Retail Banking ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Banking Services

Social media is widely recognized as a challenging new communication technology in both economic and social contexts. The present article explores how banks have exploited this technology in the range of consumer retail banking services offered by 100 leading global banks on the three major social networking sites (SNS): Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. Viewing social network (SN) banking as a separate delivery channel and offering a working definition of SN banking, the article shows that banks have been more cautious than other businesses in using SNS. The available services are classified on nine main dimensions: marketing, financial education and advice, information support, customer support, sales representativeness, customer engagement, online recruitment, survey and polling, and other services. The scope of these SN banking services is for the most part non-cash-based. Conclusions, implications, and recommendations are discussed and future research priorities are identified.

scholarly journals The Experiences of Young Liver Patients Transferring From Children’s to Adult Services and Their Support Needs for a Successful Transition

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Toft ◽  
Rachel Taylor ◽  
Lee Claridge ◽  
Charlotte Clowes ◽  
James Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
Transition Readiness ◽  
Adult Services ◽  
Liver Transplant Recipients

Background: The period of transition from pediatric to adult services represents a time when young people need support, information, and appropriate care in order to successfully move. It is a period that is associated with nonadherence and disengagement with care. Objective: To explore the experiences of young liver transplant recipients transitioning to adult services and determine what they require in order to achieve a successful move. The research also explored the possibility of using a mobile phone application (app) as a tool to support transition. Design: Qualitative approach using novel arts-based focus groups and one-to-one interviews. Participants: Twenty-one young people aged 16 to 25 years, 16 health-care professionals involved in their care, and 7 young people as follow-up. Participants used services provided by the 3 liver centers in England (Leeds, Birmingham, and London). Results: Data highlighted the variability of transition pathways in England for young people moving from child to adult health services. The results showed that they required clear information regarding transition processes including specific medical information and that there was a shortfall in such information. Support was required in the form of a designated transition coordinator or similar specialist who could act as a point of reference and guidance throughout the process. Transitions needed to be individualized and based upon transition readiness rather than age, although the research showed that age cut-offs were still used. Conclusion: Young people welcomed apps to provide information, reminders, contacts, and connections. Future research should explore the efficacy of such apps.

A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Women With Breast Implant Illness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Tang ◽  
Natalie E Anderson ◽  
Kate Faasse ◽  
William P Adams ◽  
Jill M Newby
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Experiences Of Women

Abstract Background Breast Implant Illness (BII) is a term used to describe physical and psychological symptoms experienced by some women following breast implant surgery. Few studies have examined the experiences of women with BII – a poorly understood condition with no clear cause or treatment. Objectives To explore women’s experiences of BII, including symptoms, healthcare encounters, social media and explant surgery. Methods Using an exploratory qualitative methodology, researchers undertook semi-structured interviews with twenty-nine women who self-identified as having BII. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Thematic analysis of the interviews identified six themes: 1. Symptoms without explanation; 2. Invalidation and invisibility; 3. Making the BII connection; 4. Implant toxicity; 5. Explant surgery: solution to suffering?; and 6. Concealed information. BII was described as distressing and debilitating across multiple domains including relationships, work, identity, physical and mental health, and symptoms were attributed to implant toxicity and immune system rejecting foreign objects. When their experience was not validated by health care professionals, many looked to social media for information, support and understanding, and explant as their only chance at recovery. Conclusions BII is disabling mentally and physically. Women with BII require support, understanding, and validation, and proactive treatment to prevent disability. With unclear pathophysiology, future research should examine how biopsychosocial approaches can be used to guide treatment, and how to best support women with BII, focusing on early detection and evidence-based education and intervention.

scholarly journals INFORMATION SUPPORT TOOLS FOR THE LIFE CYCLE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: DIGITALIZATION OF SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO MASTERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Olena Kuzminska
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
International Labor ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Scholarly Communications

Education and science digitalization belongs to the priority areas of information society development. However, we can observe that while Ukraine enters the European educational and scientific space, Ukrainian scientists cannot yet efficiently compete in the international labor market. One of the reasons behind this is that Ukrainian scientists and researchers are not fully integrated into the world system of digital scholarly communication. To help researchers use digital tools supporting scholarly communication, many companies carry out various educational events to support open science and initiate international research and projects. Under modern conditions the digitalization of scientific communication went to the front-burner due to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the forced transition to digital scholarly communications through the COVID-19 pandemic can help integrate young scientists, including masters of higher education, into the international scientific space. This article provides an analysis of tools to support scholarly communication developed within the «101 innovation of scholarly communication» project. The international survey demonstrates the tools that scientists prefer to use at each stage of the research. This paper characterizes the advantages of particular tools on different stages of the masters’ research process induced by the current tendency for scholarly communication digitalization and the limitations for masters’ research. During the work, we outlined the scope for future research and found it necessary to conduct an additional survey for the scholarly community.

scholarly journals What Are the Psycho-Social and Information Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults Cancer Care Consumers with Intellectual Disability? A Systematic Review of Evidence with Recommendations for Future Research and Practice

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Éidín Ní Shé ◽  
Fiona E. J. McDonald ◽  
Laurel Mimmo ◽  
Xiomara Skrabal Ross ◽  
Bronwyn Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Accessible Information

People with intellectual disability have unmet health needs and experience health inequalities. There is limited literature regarding cancer care for children, adolescents, and young adults (AYA) with intellectual disability despite rising cancer incidence rates in this population. This systematic review aimed to identify the psycho-social and information support needs of AYA cancer care consumers with intellectual disability to generate recommendations for future research and cancer care service delivery enhancement. We searched eight databases yielding 798 articles. Following abstract and full-text review, we identified 12 articles meeting our inclusion criteria. Our three themes related to communication and accessible information; supports and system navigation, cancer service provider training, and reasonable adjustments. There was a lack of user-friendly, accessible information about cancer and screening programs available. Both paid and family carers are critical in accessing cancer supports, services, and screening programs for AYA with intellectual disability. Ongoing training should be provided to healthcare professionals regarding the importance of care screening for AYAs with intellectual disability. This review recommends that AYA with intellectual disability and their family carers be involved in developing tailored cancer services. This should focus on enabling inclusive screening programs, accessible consent, and challenging the enduring paternalism of support services via training and appropriate communication tools.

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