scholarly journals Yield and Fruit Size of `Bluecrop' and `Blueray' Highbush Blueberries at Three Plant Spacings

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1162-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Moore ◽  
Maurus V. Brown ◽  
Bruce P. Bordelon
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Yields ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Interplant Competition ◽  
Plant Basis

The influence of in-row plant spacing on the yield and fruit size of `Blueray' (erect growing) and `Bluecrop' (spreading) highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) was studied. Plants of both cultivars, spaced at 0.61 m within the row, had significantly higher yields per hectare than plants grown at wider spacings (0.92 and 1.22 m) in each of five harvest years. On a per-plant basis, however, plants spaced at 1.22 m had higher yields in the last two harvest years of the experiment than plants spaced more closely, which indicated that interplant competition reduced per-plant yields of closely spaced plants as plants grew larger. Over the 5-year harvest period, plots with 0.61-m plant spacing produced a cumulative total yield of 17.24 t·ha more than plots with the conventional 1.22-m spacing. Plant spacing did not affect fruit size in this experiment.

EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. TOWNSEND
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Highbush Blueberries

In a 6-yr field study with highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) the incorporation of raw sawdust or peat with the soil, plus surface-applied fertilizer, did not increase yields, bush size, or vigor. Control bushes were more vigorous, produced higher yields with larger fruit, and usually had lower levels of all nutrients, Ca excepted, than those receiving the other treatments even though the differences were not generally significant at the 5% level. Regression equations revealed that leaf Ca, bush size, and winter injury were the most important variables associated with yields, whereas fruit size was most closely related to leaf Ca, Mg, and N.

EFFECTS OF N, P, K, AND MG ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. TOWNSEND
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Leaf N

In a 6-yr field experiment with highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), (NH4)2SO4 had more effect on plant characteristics than superphosphates, KCl, or MgSO4∙7H2O. Application of (NH4)2SO4 was associated with decreased yields and bush size in each of 4 yr, with decreased fruit size in 2 of 3 yr, and with increased winter injury in 2 of 4 yr. This treatment increased leaf N in each of 6 yr but decreased leaf Ca in 3 of 6 yr. Regression equations showed that leaf Ca, bush size, and winter injury were the most important variables affecting yield, whereas leaf N and bush size were the most important ones affecting fruit size.

scholarly journals Enhanced Bud Production in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in Response to Paclobutrazol

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
Determining Factor

Blueberry cultivars were treated with either soil drenches or foliar applications of paclobutrazol. Soil drenches of 25 mg·L-1 inhibited shoot elongation and stimulated earlier and greater flower bud production on `Bluetta', `Bluecrop', and `Jersey'. The treatments increased bud numbers 359% to 797%, and stimulated compound bud formation, while reducing formation of vegetative buds. This resulted in overcropping and reduced fruit size. Foliar applications at concentrations of 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg·L-1 increased bud set. Treatments did not significantly alter time to 50% flowering in `Bluecrop' or `Duke', but hastened flowering up to 5 days in `Blueray' at 200 ppm. Fruit ripening was significantly delayed at 100 and 200 ppm in `Bluecrop' due to overcropping, but no delays were observed in `Blueray' or `Duke'. Plant size and vigor appeared to be a determining factor in plant response. Chemical name used: PP333 or (2RS,3RS)-l(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(l,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol (paclobutrazol).

scholarly journals   Alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid improves rooting of highbush blueberries

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mihaljević ◽  
B. Salopek-Sondi
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Auxins and their synthetic analogues are commonly used for rooting of cuttings, but their efficiency depends on experimental set-up and, even more importantly, on species or cultivar, and type of explants investigated. In attempt to improve rooting procedure for highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), we investigated alanine conjugate of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA-Ala) as potential root-promoting compound and compared with commonly used auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The effect of different concentrations of auxins on the rooting of highbush blueberry stem cuttings (var. Bluecrop, Bluetta, Burlington and Jersey) and in vitro-derived microcuttings (var. Jersey) was investigated. Auxin treatments significantly promoted rooting of all four varieties in comparison to control. The most efficient rooting promoter in all varieties appeared IBA-Ala (provided up to 83%, and 93% of the rooted cuttings and microcuttings, respectively). Furthermore, IBA-Ala caused a vigorous, well-branched root system that resulted in better acclimatization and survival of plants. Results suggest the application of IBA-Ala may be beneficial for rooting of difficult-to-root varieties of blueberry and related species and their practical application in the nursery industry.  

scholarly journals POSTHARVEST CaCl2 DIPS INCREASE HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY FIRMNESS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 582a-582
Author(s):  
Jane Beggs
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Hard Surface ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Pvc Pipe ◽  
Degree Of Damage ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Water Tanks ◽  
Tank Water

Deformed or damaged berries reduce the grade of frozen highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Before berries are frozen, immature fruit are commonly removed by density sorting in water tanks. Three studies were conducted to determine if the firmness or quality of highbush blueberries could be improved by the addition of CaCl2 to sorting tank water. `Bluecrop' and `Jersey' berries were dipped in CaCl2 solutions (0.0-4.0%) for periods of 0.5-8.0 minutes. The effect of rinsing the fruit after treatment was also studied. Berries were held at 2C for several days before evaluation. A 61.5 cm length of PVC pipe (4.0 cm. I.D.) was filled to a depth of 50 cm. with berries and dropped 4 times on to a hard surface from a height of 10 cm. The compression of the column of berries was measured and berries were removed and visually sorted according to the degree of damage. The amount of compression and number of damaged berries were inversely related to the CaCl2 concentration. Rinsing berries immediately after dips negated the effects of CaCl2. Treatment with CaCl2 may result in objectionable flavors.

scholarly journals Mixtures of Coal Ash and Compost as Substrates for Highbush Blueberry

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent L. Black ◽  
Richard H. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Total Growth

Bottom ash from a coal-fired power plant and two composts were tested as components of soil-free media and as soil amendments for growing highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Combinations of ash and compost were compared to Berryland sand, and Manor clay loam, and compost amended Manor clay loam. The pH of all treatment media was adjusted to 4.5 with sulfur at the beginning of the experiment. In 1997, plants of `Bluecrop' and `Sierra' were planted in 15-dm3 pots containing the pH-adjusted treatment media. The first substantial crop was harvested in 1999. At the end of the 1999 season, one half of the plants were destructively harvested for growth analysis. The remaining plants were cropped again in 2000. Yield and fruit size data were collected in both seasons, and leaf and fruit samples were collected in 1999 for elemental analysis. The presence of coal ash or composted biosolids in the media had no detrimental effect on leaf or fruit elemental content. Total growth and yield of both cultivars was reduced in clay loam soil compared to Berryland sand, whereas growth and yield of plants in coal ash-compost was similar to or exceeded that of plants in Berryland sand.

scholarly journals Determining Diuron, Simazine, and Methiocarb Residues in Highbush Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Ely ◽  
R.E. Frans ◽  
T.L. Lavy ◽  
R.E. Talbert ◽  
J.D. Mattice
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽  
Absorbance Detection ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Over The Top

Two-year-old highbush blueberry bushes (Vaccinium corymbosum L. `Collins') were treated in Mar. 1985 with diuron or simazine at 2.2 or 4.5 kg a.i./ha. No residues were detected by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorbance detection (HPLC-UV) from treated berries that were harvested in June. Methiocarb was applied in May 1986 at 0.84 and 3 kg·ha-1 over the top of 3-year-old `Collins' when the berries began to ripen. Reverse-phase HPLC-UV of berries treated with methiocarb at 3 kg·ha-1 had combined residues of methiocarb and its sulfone and sulfoxide metabolites of 13.1 ppm from unrinsed and 7 ppm from rinsed berries harvested on the day of treatment; 4.9 ppm from unrinsed and 4 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 4 days after treatment; and 2.4 ppm from unrinsed and 2.5 ppm from rinsed berries harvested 8 days after treatment. Unrinsed berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 kg·ha-1 had 5.7 ppm residue on the day of treatment and 1 ppm 8 days later. Residues from berries treated with methiocarb at 0.84 or 3 kg·ha-1 were below the legal tolerance level of 5 ppm after the required 7-day waiting period. Chemical names used: n'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N -dimethylurea (diuron); 6-chloro- N,N' -diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (simazine); 3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenol methylcarbamate (methiocarb).

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Heat Stability in Highbush Blueberries and the Possibility of Genetic Improvement

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Hancock ◽  
K. Haghighi ◽  
S.L. Krebs ◽  
J.A. Flore ◽  
A.D. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Temperature Adaptations ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Highbush Blueberries

Seven highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars were evaluated for their photosynthetic heat stability. Ail showed significant reductions in CO2 assimilation rates (A) as leaf temperatures were raised from 20 to 30C, although `Blue-crop', `Jersey', `Elliot', and `Rubel' (22% to - 27%) were significantly less affected than Spartan', `Bluejay', and `Patriot' (-41% to -51%). To determine whether temperature adaptations of highbush types can be broadened through hybridization with native, heat-tolerant species, `Bluecrop' was crossed with the V. darrowi Camp. selection Florida 4B, and F2, BC1, and BC2, populations were generated. This approach showed promise as genotypes were identified in all the derivative populations that were more heat tolerant than `Bluecrop' and had a high A.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytotoxicity of Diazinon and Captan Formulations on Highbush Blueberries

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Polavarapu
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Application Date ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Over Time

A common practice in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) culture is to use combinations of insecticides and fungicides to reduce the number and cost of pesticide applications. In response to apparent phytotoxicity observed in commercial fields that were treated with combinations of diazinon and captan formulations, phytotoxicity of two formulations of diazinon (Diazinon AG600 and Diazinon 50W) and captan (Captan 80WP and Captec 4L) was investigated on highbush blueberries during 1997 and 1998. Phytotoxicity injury similar to injury observed in commercial fields was reproduced in treatments with diazinon and captan mixtures in all experiments. The Diazinon AG600 and Captec 4L mixture was the most severe and caused significantly more phytotoxic-ity to fruit and leaves than individual treatments of Diazinon AG600, Captec 4L or untreated control. Separation of diazinon and captan applications by 8 h significantly reduced phytotoxicity compared to mixture treatments. Injured fruit and leaves recovered over time and most treatments showed only a mild injury at the time of harvest. Phytotoxicity on fruit and leaves caused by Diazinon AG600 and Captec 4L mixture was significantly affected by application date with the earliest application causing the greatest injury. These data indicate that diazinon and captan mixtures cause phytotoxicity on highbush blueberries and therefore the two should not be applied in combination.

scholarly journals Flower Bud Density Affects Vegetative and Fruit Development in Field-grown Southern Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Maust ◽  
J.G. Williamson ◽  
R.L. Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Southern Highbush

Floral budbreak and fruit set in many southern highbush blueberry (SHB) cultivars (hybrids of Vaccinium corymbosum L. with other species of Vaccinium) begin prior to vegetative budbreak. Experiments were conducted with two SHB cultivars, `Misty' and `Sharpblue', to test the hypothesis that initial flower bud density (flower buds/m cane length) affects vegetative budbreak and shoot development, which in turn affect fruit development. Flower bud density of field-grown plants was adjusted in two nonconsecutive years by removing none, one-third, or two-thirds of the flower buds during dormancy. Vegetative budbreak, new shoot dry weight, leaf area, and leaf area: fruit ratios decreased with increasing flower bud density in both cultivars. Average fruit fresh weight and fruit soluble solids decreased in both cultivars, and fruit ripening was delayed in `Misty' as leaf area: fruit ratios decreased. This study indicates that because of the inverse relationship between flower bud density and canopy establishment, decreasing the density of flower buds in SHB will increase fruit size and quality and hasten ripening.

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