SWEETPOTATO GROWTH AND YIELD IN NFT AS AFFECTED BY TYPE OF CUTTING AND PLANTING DEPTH

An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse environment to determine the relationship between type of cutting and planting depth on sweetpotato [Ipomea batatas (L) Lam] storage root yield using the nutrient film technique. Vine cuttings of the cultivar 'TI-155' were planted in growth channels (122×15×15 cm) in modified half Hoagland's solution. Treatments consisted of cuttings with all leaves and shoot apex removed with two nodes inserted (2NB), cuttings with all leaves and shoot apex removed with five nodes inserted (5NB). and cuttings with four leaves and the shoot apex remaining with two nodes inserted (2NB-L). Plants were harvested 130 days after planting and yield data was taken. Plants in 2NB-L had a significantly lower percent dry matter than those of 2NB. Neither cutting type nor planting depth affected yield or yield related parameters.

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EFFECT OF GYPSUM ON EARLY GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1078a ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1078a-1078

Author(s):

E. Niyonsaba ◽

E. G. Rhoden ◽

P. K. Biswas ◽

G.W. Carver

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Early Growth ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

And Storage

A study was conducted to assess the effects of gypsum on the early growth and storage root yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cvs `Jewel', `Goergia Jet' and `TI-155'. Three rates of gypsum were applied (1.03, 2.06 and 3.09 tons/acre). These represented half, recommended and 1.5 recommended levels. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement of treatment. Leaf area, total dry matter, leaf dry matter and stat-age root weight were recorded at 30-day intervals. Plants receiving half the recommended levels of gypsum produced the highest total storage root dry matter (0.306 t/a) and the highest leaf dry matter (0.116 t/a). Although a positive relationship exists between leaf dry matter and storage root yield between 90 and 120 days, there was no such relationship between those parameters either at 30 and 60 days or 60 and 90 days after transplanting.

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EFFECT OF INOCULATION WITH AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE ON FOLIAGE AND STORAGE ROOT YIELD OF SWEETPOTATO GROWN HYDROPONICALLY IN AN NFT SYSTEM

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1170g ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1170g-1170

Author(s):

A.A. Trotman ◽

D. G. Mortley ◽

P.P. David. ◽

G.W. Carver

Keyword(s):

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Root Weight ◽

Storage Root ◽

Fibrous Root ◽

Ipomea Batatas ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Half Strength

The effect of inoculation of sweetpotato (Ipomea batatas L. (Lam.)) cultivar “TI-82-155” with Azospirillum brasilense was investigated in an observational greenhouse experiment. Sweetpotato was grown in a closed hydroponic system and plant nutrients were supplied in a Modified Half-strength Hoagland's solution (N:K 1:2.4) using a nutrient film technique system (NFT). Plants were either supplied with mineral nitrogen (160 ppm) and noninoculated or were supplied mineral nitrogen (160 ppm) and inoculated. Storage root dry matter was higher under inoculation with A. brasilense. Inoculation also increased the percent total nitrogen in the shoot, leaves, and fibrous root. There was a significant difference in fresh fibrous root weight for the inoculated (262.5 g) over the noninoculated (177.1 g) treatments. Mineral nitrogen supplied in the PNS was not limiting because dry matter for plants inoculated with A. brasilense was not significantly higher than for the noninoculated control.

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Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-021-02798-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 217 (4) ◽

Author(s):

N. A. Adetoro ◽

O. O. Oworu ◽

A. L. Nassir ◽

A. Bello ◽

E. Parkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Pasting Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Yield ◽

Root Characteristics ◽

Stay Green ◽

Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

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Influence of Daily Light Period and Irradiance on Yield and Leaf Elemental Concentration of Hydroponically Grown Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1491 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 1491-1493 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Desmond G. Mortley ◽

Stephanie Burrell ◽

Conrad K. Bonsi ◽

Walter A. Hill ◽

Carlton E. Morris

Keyword(s):

Elemental Concentration ◽

Dilution Effect ◽

Light Period ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Nutrient Film Technique ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Lower Irradiance

Growth chamber experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of irradiance and daily light period on storage root yield and leaf elemental concentration of two sweetpotato cultivars grown hydroponically by use of the nutrient film technique (NFT). Stem cuttings (15 cm) of cv. Whatley/Loretan and Georgia Jet were grown in NFT channels (0.15 × 0.15 × 1.2 m) in reach-in growth chambers under light period/irradiance combinations of 18 h: 300 μmol·m−2·s−1 or 9 h: 600 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux. Temperature was 28/22 °C light/dark with a relative humidity of 70% ± 5%. Storage root and foliage yields were greater in both cultivars exposed to a longer daily light period and lower irradiance. The main effect of cultivar indicated that storage root yield was significantly greater among plants of ‘Whatley/Loretan’ compared with that of ‘Georgia Jet’, whereas foliage yield was similar between cultivars. Leaves of plants grown under longer daily light period and lower irradiance had significantly lower concentrations of all elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, calcium, boron, and zinc, except for calcium, manganese, and boron. There were no significant differences in leaf elemental concentration between cultivars. Thus, a longer daily light and lower irradiance enhanced biomass production of sweetpotato but reduced leaf elemental concentration probably because of a “dilution” effect.

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Effect of Nutrient Solution Concentration on the Growth of Hydroponic Sweetpotato

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111708 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1708

Author(s):

Masaru Sakamoto ◽

Takahiro Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Cultivation Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Storage

Nutrient solution concentration (NSC) is a critical factor affecting plant growth in hydroponics. Here, we investigated the effects of hydroponic NSC on the growth and yield of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) plants. First, sweetpotato cuttings were cultivated hydroponically in three different NSCs with low, medium, or high electrical conductivity (EC; 0.8, 1.4, and 2.6 dS m−1, respectively). Shoot growth and storage root yield increased at 143 days after plantation (DAP), depending on the NSC. Next, we examined the effect of NSC changes at half of the cultivation period on the growth and yield, using high and low NSC conditions. In plants transferred from high to low EC (HL plants), the number of attached leaves increased toward the end of the first half of the cultivation period (73 DAP), compared with plants transferred from low to high EC (LH plants). Additionally, the number of attached leaves decreased in HL plants from 73 DAP to the end of the cultivation period (155 DAP), whereas this value increased in LH plants. These changes occurred due to a high leaf abscission ratio in HL plants. The storage root yield showed no significant difference between HL and LH plants. Our results suggest that the regulation of hydroponic NSC during the cultivation period affects the growth characteristics of sweetpotato.

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Combining Ability, Heterosis, and Heritability of Storage Root Dry Matter, Beta-Carotene, and Yield-related Traits in Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12280-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 167-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fekadu Gurmu ◽

Shimelis Hussein ◽

Mark Laing

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Carotene Content ◽

Positive Heterosis ◽

High Storage ◽

Β Carotene

Orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) is an effective, low-priced, and sustainable source of β-carotene (provitamin A). However, most OFSP varieties have low storage root dry matter content (DMC), which influences their acceptance by small-scale farmers and hence needs to be improved. The objective of the study was to determine the combining ability, type of gene action, heterosis and heritability of storage root DMC, β-carotene content, and yield-related traits of selected sweetpotato clones for further evaluation and breeding. Crosses were conducted using a 7 × 7 half-diallel mating design and a total of 28 genotypes (seven parents and 21 crosses) were evaluated at four locations in Ethiopia using a 7 × 4 alpha lattice design with two replications. The performance of the genotypes was significantly different (P < 0.01) across the four locations for storage root DMC, β-carotene content, sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) reaction, storage root yield, and harvest index (HI). The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares were significant (P < 0.01) for all traits except the SCA effect of storage root DMC. The GCA to SCA variance ratios were 0.96, 0.94, 0.74, 0.96, and 0.97 for storage root DMC, β-carotene content, SPVD, fresh storage root yield, and HI, respectively, indicating that the inheritance of these traits was controlled mainly by additive genes. Progenies of crosses involving Ukerewe × Ejumula, Ukerewe × Pipi, Resisto × Pipi, and Ejumula × Pipi exhibited high levels of positive heterosis for storage root DMC. Similarly, progenies of crosses including Resisto × Pipi and Resisto × Ogansagan had higher positive heterosis for fresh storage root yield, reflecting the breeding value of these parents. Relatively high narrow sense heritability (h2) was obtained for β-carotene content (79.8%) and HI (48.6%). However, the h2 estimates of storage root DMC, SPVD, and fresh storage root yield were relatively low at 19.0%, 14.9%, and 20.4%, respectively. Crosses with high β-carotene content such as Ukerewe × Resisto, Resisto × Ogansagan, Eumula × Pipi, and NASPOT 1 × Temesgen exhibited high storage root DMC. These families also had medium-to-high mean fresh storage root yield. Therefore, progenies derived from these families are good candidates to develop improved OFSP varieties with high storage root DMC.

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Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties at Luyengo, midlevel of Eswatini

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.1.0281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 013-021

Author(s):

Sakhile Sipho Dlamini ◽

Mzwandile Petros Mabuza ◽

Bonginkhosi Edward Dlamini

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Potato Varieties ◽

Planting Methods ◽

Method Of Planting ◽

Planting Method

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is the most grown storage root crop in Eswatini. However, its storage root yield is low among smallholder farmers partly due to use of inappropriate varieties and agronomic practices such as planting method. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Faculty of Agriculture, Luyengo, during 2019/2020 cropping season to determine the effects of planting method on growth and yield of the three sweet potato varieties. Two planting methods, namely horizontal and vertical; and three sweet potato varieties, namely Kenya-white, Ligwalagwala and Lamngititi were evaluated in a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design in three replications. Results showed non-significant difference between the planting methods in most growth and yield parameters recorded for the sweet potato varieties. However, the vertical method of planting had relatively higher vine length, number of branches, mass of storage roots and storage root yield than the horizontal method. On the other hand, there were significant (P<0.05) differences among the sweet potato varieties for most of parameters recorded. The sweet potato variety Ligwalagwala had the highest vine length, number of storage roots per plant (6.47), mass of storage roots per plant (1137 g) and storage root yield (12.01 tonnes/ha). Thus, either horizontal or vertical method of planting and variety Ligwalagwala can be used to increase the productivity of sweet potato in the study area.

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Stem portion and number of stakes influence on growth and yield of cassava variety in the South East, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v21i1.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

D.A. Okpara ◽

D.C. Udeh ◽

O.K. Akinbo ◽

O.N. Eke-Okoro ◽

A.O. Olojede

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area Index ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Area Index ◽

Cropping Seasons

Investigations were conducted to study the effect of stem portion and number of stakes per stand on crop establishment, growth and yield of cassava variety NR 8082 in Umudike Southeastern Nigeria during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 cropping seasons. In each year, the experiment was laid out as a 3 × 3 factorial, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three stem portions of different physiological ages (top, middle and basal) and three numbers of stakes per stand (1, 2 and 3). The middle and basal stem portions significantly increased percent establishment, plant height and leaf area index at 3 months after planting (MAP) but had no effect on number of storage roots per plant. The best stem portion for storage root yield was, however, the top portion which produced the highest yield on average. Number of stakes per stand did not significantly affect stem girth, number of nodes per plant and leaf area index, but the use of 1 stake per stand increased number of storage roots per plant, root weight and storage oot yield in 2017/2018 cropping season. Number of stakes per stand did not significantly influence storage root yield across the two seasons of evaluation. Interactions between stem portion and number of stakes per stand did not significantly affect storage root yield of NR 8082 high cassava variety in both cropping seasons. Based on the findings, the use of 1 stake per stand is recommended for high root yields of NR 8082 cassava variety under conditions of low soil fertility in Umudike, South East Nigeria. Although the top portion enhanced root yield, farmers could use any of the stem portions, since the middle and basal parts gave satisfactory yields and had better establishment than the former.

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EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS VS PERIODIC pH ADJUSTMENT ON GROWTH OF `GEORGIA JET' AND `T1-155' SWEET POTATO CULTIVARS GROWN USING THE NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE (NFT)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.8.864c ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 864c-864 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edwin Martinez ◽

Conrad Bonsi ◽

Phili p Loretan ◽

Walter Hill ◽

Desmond Mortley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Life Support ◽

Growth Period ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Ph Adjustment ◽

Nutrient Film Technique

Sweet potato, selected as a potential food source for future long-term manned space missions, is being evaluated for NASA's Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) program. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of two pH treatments on the growth and storage root yield of `T1-155' and `Georgia Jet ' sweet potato cultivars. Vine cuttings of these cultivars were grown in a specially designed Tuskegee University NFT system. Plants were subjected to a continuous pH treatment in which the nutrient solution pH was maintained at 5.00 ± 0.10 throughout the growth period, and a periodic pH treatment in which the nutrient solution pH was adjusted to 6.00 at biweekly changeover intervals and when reservoirs were refilled with deionized water between biweekly changeovers. Results showed that for both cultivars the treatment with periodic pH adjustment had significantly higher storage root yield than treatment with continuous pH adjustment. This experiment is being repeated.

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High yield and pest resistant genotypes of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) for cultivation in Umudike, Southeastern, Nigeria

Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science ◽

10.26832/24566632.2021.0604020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 563-569

Author(s):

J. I. Ulasi ◽

R.S. Okim ◽

E.U. Rivers

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Starch Content ◽

Principal Component ◽

High Yield ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Cropping Seasons

Newly developed progenies of sweet potato were evaluated to identify promising genotypes with high storage root yield, dry matter, starch content and susceptibility to Cylas spp. at the National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Southeastern Nigeria during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to evaluate variation among crosses of different sweet potato families, namely: LigriXFaara (17), LigriXApomoen (9) and LigrixSauti (8), including two check varieties (Umuspo 3 and TIS 87/0087). Analysis of variance, correlation and principal component analysis were employed for data analysis. In this study, four genotypes; LigriXFaara/3 (16.02t/ha), LigriXFaara/2 (14.67t/ha), LigriXFaara/1 (13.66t/ha) and LigriXFaara/6 (10.33t/ha) produced higher fresh storage root yield than the national check (TIS 87/0087). Four genotypes recorded starch content above 50mg100-1; LigriXApomoden/1 (69.71mg100-1), LigriXApomoden/3 (62.98mg100-1), LigriXApomoden/2 (60.89mg100-1), LigriXApomoden/4 (57.53 mg100-1). Among the thirty-four genotypes evaluated, twenty-nine genotypes were susceptible to the attack of C. puncticollis. LigriXFaara/1 recorded the highest attack of C. puncticollis, followed by LigriXApomoden/5, LigriXFaara/4, LigriXApomoden/3, LigriXSauti/3, LigriXFarra/5 while five genotypes; LigriXFaara/4, LigriXFaara/5, LigriXSauti/5, LigriXFaara/8, LigriXFaara/7 and LigriXFaara/14 did not show any sign of vulnerability of C. puncticollis. Promising genotypes that recorded high yield, dry matter and resistance to Cylas spp. could be subjected to advanced yield trail and incorporated into further breeding program.

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