Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties at Luyengo, midlevel of Eswatini

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is the most grown storage root crop in Eswatini. However, its storage root yield is low among smallholder farmers partly due to use of inappropriate varieties and agronomic practices such as planting method. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Faculty of Agriculture, Luyengo, during 2019/2020 cropping season to determine the effects of planting method on growth and yield of the three sweet potato varieties. Two planting methods, namely horizontal and vertical; and three sweet potato varieties, namely Kenya-white, Ligwalagwala and Lamngititi were evaluated in a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design in three replications. Results showed non-significant difference between the planting methods in most growth and yield parameters recorded for the sweet potato varieties. However, the vertical method of planting had relatively higher vine length, number of branches, mass of storage roots and storage root yield than the horizontal method. On the other hand, there were significant (P<0.05) differences among the sweet potato varieties for most of parameters recorded. The sweet potato variety Ligwalagwala had the highest vine length, number of storage roots per plant (6.47), mass of storage roots per plant (1137 g) and storage root yield (12.01 tonnes/ha). Thus, either horizontal or vertical method of planting and variety Ligwalagwala can be used to increase the productivity of sweet potato in the study area.

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EFFECT OF GYPSUM ON EARLY GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1078a ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1078a-1078

Author(s):

E. Niyonsaba ◽

E. G. Rhoden ◽

P. K. Biswas ◽

G.W. Carver

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Early Growth ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

And Storage

A study was conducted to assess the effects of gypsum on the early growth and storage root yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cvs `Jewel', `Goergia Jet' and `TI-155'. Three rates of gypsum were applied (1.03, 2.06 and 3.09 tons/acre). These represented half, recommended and 1.5 recommended levels. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement of treatment. Leaf area, total dry matter, leaf dry matter and stat-age root weight were recorded at 30-day intervals. Plants receiving half the recommended levels of gypsum produced the highest total storage root dry matter (0.306 t/a) and the highest leaf dry matter (0.116 t/a). Although a positive relationship exists between leaf dry matter and storage root yield between 90 and 120 days, there was no such relationship between those parameters either at 30 and 60 days or 60 and 90 days after transplanting.

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The assessment of yield and quality traits of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes in middle Black Sea region, Turkey

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257703 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0257703

Author(s):

Yasin Bedrettin Karan ◽

Özlem Gültekin Şanli

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Black Sea ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Second Year

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivation in Turkey is concentrated in one province situated in Mediterranean region only, which would not fulfill the domestic needs of the country soon. Therefore, cultivation of the crop in other provinces/climatic regions should be initiated to fulfill the domestic needs. The cultivation in other provinces requires thorough assessment of yield and quality traits of target crop. Therefore, yield and quality characteristics of four sweet potato genotypes (i.e., ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’, ‘Hatay Yerlisi’, ‘Havuc’ and ‘Kalem’) were assessed in the current study in Kazova and Niksar counties of Tokat province of the country having middle Black Sea climate in field experiments during 2018 and 2019. The cuttings of the genotypes were planted in Niksar during the second fortnight of April and first week of May in Kazova. The planting density was kept 90 × 45 cm. Data relating to number of storage roots, storage root weight, storage root yield per hill and storage root yield per hectare were recorded. Furthermore, quality traits, including dry matter ratio (%), protein ratio (%) and antioxidant ratio (%) of storage roots were also determined. The highest total storage root yield was recorded for ‘Havuc’ genotype during both years and locations, followed by ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ and ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ genotypes. Overall, storage root yield (60.06 and 62.40 tons ha-1 during first and second year) recorded for the experiment at Niksar was higher than the storage root yield recorded for Kazova experiment (53.50 and 52.84 tons ha-1 during first and second year, respectively). The highest dry matter was produced by ‘Kalem’ and ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ genotypes during both years and at both locations, followed by ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ and ‘Havuc’ genotypes. The storage roots of the tested genotypes accumulated higher dry matter at Kazova during both years. The highest protein content was obtained from the ‘Kalem’ genotype, and the protein contents of the ‘Hatay Yerlisi’ and ‘Hatay Kırmızısı’ genotypes were close to the ‘Kalem’ genotype. The results indicated that tested genotypes can successfully be cultivated in middle Black Sea climate. Therefore, production of sweet potato can be initiated in the future to meet the domestic needs for sweet potato in the country.

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Failure Analysis under Electric Lights: Growth and Yield of Sweetpotato in Response to 14 Days of Prolonged Darkness

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci10637-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 1479-1481

Author(s):

Desmond G. Mortley ◽

Douglas R. Hileman ◽

Conrad K. Bonsi ◽

Walter A. Hill ◽

Carlton E. Morris

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Storage Root ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Root Yield ◽

Fibrous Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

The Impact

Two sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genotypes (TU-82-155 and NCC-58) were grown hydroponically and subjected to a temporary loss of lighting in the form of 14 days of prolonged darkness compared with a lighted control under standard daily light periods to determine the impact on growth responses and storage root yield. Vine cuttings of both genotypes were grown in rectangular channels. At 65 days after planting, lights were turned off in the treatment chambers and replaced by a single incandescent lamp, providing between 7 and 10 µmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) for 18 hours, and the temperature lowered from 28/22 °C light/dark, to a constant 20 °C. Plants remained under these conditions for 14 days after which the original light level was restored. Growth chamber conditions predark included, a PPF mean provided by 400-W metal halide lamps, of 600 ± 25 µmol·m−2·s−1, an 18-hour light/6-hour dark cycle and a relative humidity of 70% ± 5%. The nutrient solution used was a modified half-Hoagland with pH and electrical conductivity (EC) maintained between 5.5–6.0 and 1000–1200 μS·cm−1, respectively, and was adjusted weekly. Storage root number and fresh weight were similar regardless of treatments. Plants exposed to prolonged darkness produced 10.5% and 25% lower fibrous root fresh and dry mass, respectively, but similar foliage yield and harvest index (HI). ‘NCC-58’ produced an average of 31% greater storage root yield than that of ‘TU-82-155’ but the number of storage roots as well as % dry matter (%DM) were similar. ‘NCC-58’ also produced 31% greater fibrous root dry weight, whereas ‘TU-82-155’ produced a 44% greater HI. The significant interaction between prolonged darkness and cultivars for %DM of the storage roots showed that DM for ‘TU-82-155’ was 18.4% under prolonged darkness and 17.9% in the light. That for ‘NCC-58’ was 16.4% under prolonged darkness compared with 19.4% (14.8% greater) for plants that were not subjected to prolonged darkness. The evidence that there were no adverse impacts on storage root yield following the exposure to prolonged darkness suggests that the detrimental effects were below the detectable limits for these cultivars in response to the short perturbation in the available light and that sweetpotatoes would be hardy under short-term failure situations.

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Potassium Fertilization Stimulates Sucrose-to-Starch Conversion and Root Formation in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094826 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4826

Author(s):

Yang Gao ◽

Zhonghou Tang ◽

Houqiang Xia ◽

Minfei Sheng ◽

Ming Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Starch Accumulation ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Starch Conversion ◽

And Storage ◽

Low K

A field experiment was established to study sweet potato growth, starch dynamic accumulation, key enzymes and gene transcription in the sucrose-to-starch conversion and their relationships under six K2O rates using Ningzishu 1 (sensitive to low-K) and Xushu 32 (tolerant to low-K). The results indicated that K application significantly improved the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root, although treatments at high levels of K, i.e., 300–375 kg K2O ha−1, significantly decreased plant biomass and storage root yield. Compared with the no-K treatment, K application enhanced the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root by 3–47% and 13–45%, respectively, through promoting the biomass accumulation rate. Additionally, K application also enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of sweet potato. In this study, low stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) accompanied with decreased intercellular CO2 concentration were observed in the no-K treatment at 35 DAT, indicating that Pn was reduced mainly due to stomatal limitation; at 55 DAT, reduced Pn in the no-K treatment was caused by non-stomatal factors. Compared with the no-K treatment, the content of sucrose, amylose and amylopectin decreased by 9–34%, 9–23% and 6–19%, respectively, but starch accumulation increased by 11–21% under K supply. The activities of sucrose synthetase (SuSy), adenosine-diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase (SSS) and the transcription of Susy, AGP, SSS34 and SSS67 were enhanced by K application and had positive relationships with starch accumulation. Therefore, K application promoted starch accumulation and storage root yield through regulating the activities and genes transcription of SuSy, AGPase and SSS in the sucrose-to-starch conversion.

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Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation on Growth and Yield of Two Sweet Potato Varieties

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2019/v18i330063 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Ajanja Sakha ◽

Joyce Jefwa ◽

Joseph P. Gweyi-Onyango

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

Potato Varieties ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Amf Inoculation ◽

Number Of Branches

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent a functionally important component of soil microbial community, being of particular significance for plant mineral nutrition in tropical agro ecosystems. The effects of AMF inoculation on growth and yield of two sweet potato varieties was studied during the short rains season of 2017/2018 in the Teaching and Research Farm of Agricultural Science and Technology Department, Kenyatta University. The experiment was laid down as 2x2 factorial design in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental factors were two sweet potato varieties (Kemb-10 and Bungoma) and AMF inoculum (With and without inoculation). Data on growth parameters was collected on vine length and number of branches, while data on yield was collected on marketable storage roots and shoot biomass. Data was analyzed using Genstat 15th edition and the results showed that there was significantly difference at P≤0.05 among the treatments. AMF inoculation increased growth and yield of sweet potatoes by vine length 29.74%, Number of branches 22.36%, marketable storage roots 18.32%, and shoot biomass 28.68% in week 20. Also, variety interacting with AMF inoculation enhanced growth and yield parameters. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the application of commercial AMF inoculum solely or when interacting with varieties enhanced growth and yield of sweet potatoes, though there was no significant difference between the two varieties.

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Cultivar decline in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas)

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2011.64.5976 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 160-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.L. Lewthwaite ◽

P.J. Fletcher ◽

J.D. Fletcher ◽

C.M. Triggs

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Storage Root ◽

Spontaneous Mutations ◽

Production Environment ◽

Root Yield ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Field Exposure ◽

Growing Seasons

The sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) crop is propagated vegetatively by field transplanting adventitious sprouts produced on storage roots retained from the previous seasons harvest This system promotes the persistence and accumulation of both viruses and spontaneous mutations A phenomenon known as cultivar decline has been reported internationally where the root yield and appearance of commercially grown sweetpotato cultivars appear to deteriorate over successive growing seasons The relative contributions of virus infection and plant mutation to cultivar decline are uncertain but both issues are addressed through the use of virustested tissue cultured propagation systems This study assessed the degree of decline for cultivars Owairaka Red and Beauregard within the New Zealand biophysical production environment Storage root yield decreased significantly with increasing field exposure for both cultivars (P

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Effect of cutting position and vine pruning level on yield of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jaa.2019.v5.5255 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 01-05

Author(s):

Ncube Netsai ◽

Mutetwa Moses, Mtaita Tuarira

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Root Length ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Root Weight ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Storage Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Significant Difference

There is significant variation in yield of storage roots and vines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) among farmers due to use of different cutting positions and pruning of vines at different levels. This study was carried out to establish the cutting position and the vine pruning level that give the best yield of both the storage roots and vines. The study was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments included cutting position at three levels (apical cutting, middle cutting and basal cutting) and pruning at three levels, 0%, 25% and 50% respectively. Pruning was done. 50 days after planting. And storage root harvesting was done 100 days after planting. The two measurements were summed up to give the total vine weight. Storage root length, diameter and weight were measured at 100 DAP. Storage root length indicated significant difference (P<0.05) only among cutting positions with highest mean length (16.20 cm) obtained from apical cutting and the lowest (11.98 cm) from basal cutting. Storage root diameter, storage root weight and vine weight indicated significant interaction (P<0.05) of cutting position and vine pruning level. Highest mean root diameter and root weight were obtained from middle cutting and 25% vine pruning level, with the lowest being obtained from basal cutting and 50% vine pruning level. Highest vine weight was recorded from middle cutting and 50% vine pruning level, with the lowest being recorded from basal cutting and 0% vine pruning level. Both middle and apical stem cuttings can be recommended for higher storage root and vine yield. Vine pruning at 25% can be adopted for higher storage root yield while pruning at 50% can be suggested for higher vine yield.

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Effect of Nutrient Solution Concentration on the Growth of Hydroponic Sweetpotato

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111708 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1708

Author(s):

Masaru Sakamoto ◽

Takahiro Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Storage Root ◽

Root Yield ◽

Cultivation Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Storage

Nutrient solution concentration (NSC) is a critical factor affecting plant growth in hydroponics. Here, we investigated the effects of hydroponic NSC on the growth and yield of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) plants. First, sweetpotato cuttings were cultivated hydroponically in three different NSCs with low, medium, or high electrical conductivity (EC; 0.8, 1.4, and 2.6 dS m−1, respectively). Shoot growth and storage root yield increased at 143 days after plantation (DAP), depending on the NSC. Next, we examined the effect of NSC changes at half of the cultivation period on the growth and yield, using high and low NSC conditions. In plants transferred from high to low EC (HL plants), the number of attached leaves increased toward the end of the first half of the cultivation period (73 DAP), compared with plants transferred from low to high EC (LH plants). Additionally, the number of attached leaves decreased in HL plants from 73 DAP to the end of the cultivation period (155 DAP), whereas this value increased in LH plants. These changes occurred due to a high leaf abscission ratio in HL plants. The storage root yield showed no significant difference between HL and LH plants. Our results suggest that the regulation of hydroponic NSC during the cultivation period affects the growth characteristics of sweetpotato.

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Effects of Viruses (SPVD) on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700010310 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 253-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

S. K. Hahn

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Yield ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Vein Clearing ◽

Chlorophyll Level ◽

Yield Trials

SUMMARYSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) virus disease (SPVD) causes severe disease symptoms of various combinations of leaf strapping, vein-clearing, puckering and stunting. The disease is widespread, especially in Africa, and yield is adversely affected, though there are no figures to quantify this effect nor is it known how yield is affected. Loss of tuberous root yield due to SPVD was studied in sweet potato showing symptoms of the disease. Slips were obtained from plants with and without symptoms and two yield trials in 2 years were conducted by planting them alternately in rows. Yield of fresh tubers was reduced by 78% in plants showing SPVD symptoms but the reduced chlorophyll level of diseased leaves did not appear to affect yield.

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Relationship of Photosynthesis and Harvest Index to Sweet Potato Yield

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.115.2.288 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 288-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ajmer S. Bhagsari ◽

Doyle A. Ashley

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Storage Root ◽

Canopy Photosynthesis ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

Area Index ◽

Stage Of Development

Field experiments with 15 sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.)] genotypes were conducted to study the physiological basis of yield in 1981 and 1982. The leaf area index differed significantly among the sweet potato genotypes during early and late phases of growth, hut showed an inconsistent relationship with yield. Single leaf net photosynthesis ranged from 0.74 to 1.12 mg CO2/m' per sec. Canopy photosynthesis for sweet potato genotypes differed significantly in 1981, but not in 1982. It ranged from 0.81 to 1.16 mg CO2/m2 per sec in Aug. 1981. and from 0.63 to 0.88 mg CO2/m2 per sec in 1982. Four hours after “C-labeling, 14C-assimilate translocation from the treated leaf ranged from 21% to 46%, but did not differ significantly among the genotypes. At final harvest, harvest index [HI, defined as (storage root yield/total biological yield) × 100] of the genotypes varied from 43% to 77% and 31% to 75% for 1981 and 1982, respectively. Canopy photosynthesis during September was significantly correlated with storage root dry matter yield (r = 0.54*) in 1981 and with phytomass (above-ground biomass plus storage roots) (r = 0.60*) in 1982. Both phytomass and HI were significantly correlated with storage root matter yield. Canopy photosynthetic evaluation of sweet potato germplasm may be-more relevant when the storage root sinks are at an advanced stage of development. Our study suggests that yield is poorly predicted by Pn, particularly when the genotypes have different leaf sizes.

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