206 HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AND FORENSIC SCIENCE: THE POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENTISTS AT CRIME SCENES

The criminal justice system is served by many experts who provide special assistance to law enforcement professionals during criminal investigations. One of these specialized areas. forensic botany, has traditionally been an activity of the systematic botanist who identifies plant material associated with a suspect or crime scene. From this Information, suspects can be placed at crime scenes and information such as time of death or movement of victims can be determined. Few plant scientists are involved In this emerging field which has the potential to make contributions similar to those made today by forensic anthropology. Plant scientists with training In systematic botany, plant anatomy, plant growth and development, and statistics and probability can make significant contributions to criminal investigations. The use of plant identification and plant growth analyses In recent criminal Investigations will be described. The role of horticulture in the future of forensic science and the development of new techniques In forensic plant science will also be discussed.

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Cognitive neuroscience in forensic science: understanding and utilizing the human element

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2014.0255 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 370 (1674) ◽

pp. 20140255 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Itiel E. Dror

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Forensic Science ◽

Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

Critical Role ◽

Considerable Improvement ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Human Element ◽

Judicial Decisions ◽

Scene Investigation

The human element plays a critical role in forensic science. It is not limited only to issues relating to forensic decision-making, such as bias, but also relates to most aspects of forensic work (some of which even take place before a crime is ever committed or long after the verification of the forensic conclusion). In this paper, I explicate many aspects of forensic work that involve the human element and therefore show the relevance (and potential contribution) of cognitive neuroscience to forensic science. The 10 aspects covered in this paper are proactive forensic science, selection during recruitment, training, crime scene investigation, forensic decision-making, verification and conflict resolution, reporting, the role of the forensic examiner, presentation in court and judicial decisions. As the forensic community is taking on the challenges introduced by the realization that the human element is critical for forensic work, new opportunities emerge that allow for considerable improvement and enhancement of the forensic science endeavour.

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The Role of Computer Modeling in Combined Sewer Overflow Abatement Planning

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0627 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 26 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1831-1840 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. A. Roesner ◽

E. H. Burgess

Keyword(s):

System Modeling ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Combined Sewer Overflows ◽

Sewer System ◽

New Techniques ◽

Hydraulic Simulation ◽

Continuous Simulation ◽

Combined Sewer ◽

The U.S

Increased concern regarding water quality impacts from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) in the U.S. and elsewhere has emphasized the role of computermodeling in analyzing CSO impacts and in planning abatement measures. These measures often involve the construction of very large and costly facilities, and computer simulation during plan development is essential to cost-effective facility sizing. An effective approach to CSO system modeling focuses on detailed hydraulic simulation of the interceptor sewers in conjunction with continuous simulation of the combined sewer system to characterize CSOs and explore storage-treatment tradeoffs in planning abatement facilities. Recent advances in microcomputer hardware and software have made possible a number of new techniques which facilitate the use of computer models in CSO abatement planning.

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The role of endophytic bacteria and mycorrhizae fungus as plant growth inducer of white turmeric

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/759/1/012025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 759 (1) ◽

pp. 012025

Author(s):

R Simarmata ◽

Nuriyanah ◽

L Nurjanah ◽

J R L Sylvia ◽

T Widowati

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Endophytic Bacteria

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Dietary Modulation of Bacteriophages as an Additional Player in Inflammation and Cancer

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13092036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2036

Author(s):

Luigi Marongiu ◽

Markus Burkard ◽

Sascha Venturelli ◽

Heike Allgayer

Keyword(s):

Structural Damage ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Anticancer Properties ◽

Specific Phage ◽

Microbial Network ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Species Specific

Natural compounds such as essential oils and tea have been used successfully in naturopathy and folk medicine for hundreds of years. Current research is unveiling the molecular role of their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Nevertheless, the effect of these compounds on bacteriophages is still poorly understood. The application of bacteriophages against bacteria has gained a particular interest in recent years due to, e.g., the constant rise of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics, or an increasing awareness of different types of microbiota and their potential contribution to gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory and malignant conditions. Thus, a better knowledge of how dietary products can affect bacteriophages and, in turn, the whole gut microbiome can help maintain healthy homeostasis, reducing the risk of developing diseases such as diverse types of gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, or even cancer. The present review summarizes the effect of dietary compounds on the physiology of bacteriophages. In a majority of works, the substance class of polyphenols showed a particular activity against bacteriophages, and the primary mechanism of action involved structural damage of the capsid, inhibiting bacteriophage activity and infectivity. Some further dietary compounds such as caffeine, salt or oregano have been shown to induce or suppress prophages, whereas others, such as the natural sweeter stevia, promoted species-specific phage responses. A better understanding of how dietary compounds could selectively, and specifically, modulate the activity of individual phages opens the possibility to reorganize the microbial network as an additional strategy to support in the combat, or in prevention, of gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammation and cancer.

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Role of GABA in plant growth, development and senescence

Plant Gene ◽

10.1016/j.plgene.2021.100283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 100283

Author(s):

M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽

Syed Uzma Jalil ◽

Priyanka Chopra ◽

Himanshu Chhillar ◽

Antonio Ferrante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Development

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DNA Profiling in Forensic Science: A Review

Global Medical Genetics ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1728689 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jaya B. Lakshmi ◽

M L. Avinash Tejasvi ◽

Anulekha Avinash ◽

Chanchala H. P. ◽

Priyanka Talwade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forensic Science ◽

Genetic Markers ◽

Dna Profiling ◽

Forensic Investigation ◽

Draw Conclusion ◽

Crime Scenes

AbstractDNA is present in most of the cells in our body, which is unique in each and every individual, and we leave a trail of it everywhere we go. This has become an advantage for forensic investigators who use DNA to draw conclusion in identification of victim and accused in crime scenes. This review describes the use of genetic markers in forensic investigation and their limitations.

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Recapitulation of the Function and Role of ROS Generated in Response to Heat Stress in Plants

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020371 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 371

Author(s):

Emily Medina ◽

Su-Hwa Kim ◽

Miriam Yun ◽

Won-Gyu Choi

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Intracellular Signaling ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

Signaling Molecule ◽

Signaling Systems ◽

Cell Compartments ◽

Tropical Area

In natural ecosystems, plants are constantly exposed to changes in their surroundings as they grow, caused by a lifestyle that requires them to live where their seeds fall. Thus, plants strive to adapt and respond to changes in their exposed environment that change every moment. Heat stress that naturally occurs when plants grow in the summer or a tropical area adversely affects plants’ growth and poses a risk to plant development. When plants are subjected to heat stress, they recognize heat stress and respond using highly complex intracellular signaling systems such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS was previously considered a byproduct that impairs plant growth. However, in recent studies, ROS gained attention for its function as a signaling molecule when plants respond to environmental stresses such as heat stress. In particular, ROS, produced in response to heat stress in various plant cell compartments such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule that promotes plant growth and triggers subsequent downstream reactions. Therefore, this review aims to address the latest research trends and understandings, focusing on the function and role of ROS in responding and adapting plants to heat stress.

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Overcoming counter-knowledge through telemedicine communication technologies

Journal of Health Organization and Management ◽

10.1108/jhom-06-2017-0148 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (7/8) ◽

pp. 730-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jorge Cegarra-Sanchez ◽

Juan-Gabriel Cegarra-Navarro ◽

Anthony Wensley ◽

Jose Diaz Manzano

Keyword(s):

Learning Process ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Exploration And Exploitation ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Content Type

Purpose Knowledge acquired from sources of unverified information such as gossip, partial truths or lies, in this paper it is termed as “counter-knowledge.” The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic through an exploration of the links between a Hospital-in-the-Home Units (HHUs) learning process (LP), counter-knowledge, and the utilization of communication technologies. The following two questions are addressed: Does the reduction of counter-knowledge result in the utilization of communication technologies? Does the development of counter-knowledge hinder the LP? Design/methodology/approach This paper examines the relevance of communication technologies to the exploration and exploitation of knowledge for 252 patients of a (HHU) within a Spanish regional hospital. The data collected was analyzed using the PLS-Graph. Findings To HHU managers, this study offers a set of guidelines to assist in their gaining an understanding of the role of counter-knowledge in organizational LPs and the potential contribution of communication technologies. Our findings support the proposition that the negative effects of counter-knowledge can be mitigated by using communication technologies. Originality/value It is argued in this paper that counter-knowledge may play a variety of different roles in the implementation of LPs. Specifically, the assignment of communication technologies to homecare units has given them the means to filter counter-knowledge and prevent users from any possible problems caused by such counter-knowledge.

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