scholarly journals 676 PB 160 IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF PISTACHIO (Pistacia vera L.) CULTIVARS WITH RAPD MARKERS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 529f-529
Author(s):  
J.I. Hormaza ◽  
L. Dollo ◽  
V.S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Molecular Phenotype ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to characterize 15 cultivars of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). A total of 37 polymorphic markers were considered in this study. Each cultivar exhibited a unique molecular phenotype and, as a consequence, can be uniquely fingerprinted. A similarity and cluster analysis based on the amplified fragments produced two distinct groups which are consistent with the known geographical origin of the cultivars. Our results suggest that RAPD analysis can provide a new alternative for cultivar identification and classification of pistachio.

scholarly journals Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers for Cultivar Identification in Mint

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Fenwick ◽  
S.M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The United States ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Commercial Oil

Seventeen mint accessions representing the three species grown for commercial oil production in the United States were characterized using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The RAPD profiles readily identified the different Mentha species; calculation of genetic distance, based on the number of shared bands, indicated that M. spicata L. is more closely related to M. × gracilis than to M. × piperita. The RAPD profiles also distinguished among eight peppermint accessions of different geographical origin. However, only limited polymorphism was observed among the most widely grown peppermint and Scotch spearmint cultivars. These results indicate a potential lack of genetic diversity in mint cultivars grown for oil in the United States.

scholarly journals Polymorphism and Discrimination Capacity of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Markers in an Olive Germplasm Bank

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belaj ◽  
I. Trujillo ◽  
R. de la Rosa ◽  
L. Rallo ◽  
M.J. Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Olive Cultivars

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on the main Mediterranean cultivars of olive (Olea europaea L.) from the Germplasm Bank of the Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria “Alameda del Obispo” in Cordoba, Spain. One hundred and ninety reproducible amplification fragments were identified using 46 random primers followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Some 63.2% of the amplification products were polymorphic, with an average of 2.6 RAPD markers obtained for each primer. The combination of polymorphic markers resulted in 244 banding patterns. The high degree of polymorphism detected made identification of all the cultivars (51) possible by combining the RAPD banding patterns of just only four primers: OPA-01, OPK-08, OPX-01, and OPX-03. Cultivar-specific RAPD markers and banding patterns were also found. A dendrogram based on unweighted pair-group method cluster analysis was constructed using a similarity matrix derived from the RAPD amplification products generated by the 46 primers. Three major groups of cultivars could be distinguished by RAPD analysis: 1) cultivars from east and northeast Spain, 2) Turkish, Syrian, and Tunisian cultivars, and 3) the majority of common olive cultivars in Spain. The dendrogram thus showed a good correlation between the banding patterns of olive cultivars and their geographic origin. A higher level of polymorphism was observed when polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate the amplification products. Thus, adequate use of RAPD technology offers a valuable tool to distinguish between olive cultivars.

scholarly journals Identification of RAPD markers linked to A and B genome sequences in Musa L.

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pillay ◽  
D C Nwakanma ◽  
A Tenkouano
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Reliable System ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Wild Diploid Species

Plantains and bananas (Musa spp. sect. eumusa) originated from intra- and interspecific hybridization between two wild diploid species, M. acuminata Colla. and M. balbisiana Colla., which contributed the A and B genomes, respectively. Polyploidy and hybridization have given rise to a number of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid clones with different permutations of the A and B genomes. Thus, dessert and highland bananas are classified mainly as AAA, plantains are AAB, and cooking bananas are ABB. Classification of Musa into genomic groups has been based on morphological characteristics. This study aimed to identify RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers for the A and B genomes. Eighty 10-mer Operon primers were used to amplify DNA from M. acuminata subsp. burmannicoides clone 'Calcutta 4' (AA genomes) and M. balbisiana clone 'Honduras' (BB genomes). Three primers (A17, A18, and D10) that produced unique genome-specific fragments in the two species were identified. These primers were tested in a sample of 40 genotypes representing various genome combinations. The RAPD markers were able to elucidate the genome composition of all the genotypes. The results showed that RAPD analysis can provide a quick and reliable system for genome identification in Musa that could facilitate genome characterization and manipulations in breeding lines.Key words: banana and plantain, A and B genomes, genomic groups, RAPD markers.

Detection of genetic diversity in tea (Camellia sinensis) using RAPD markers

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. N. Wachira ◽  
R. Waugh ◽  
W. Powell ◽  
C. A. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Tree Crop ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships

Camellia sinensis is a beverage tree crop native to Southeast Asia and introductions have been made into several nonindigenous countries. No systematic assessment of genetic variability in tea has been done anywhere. In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to estimate genetic diversity and taxonomic relationships in 38 clones belonging to the three tea varieties, assamica, sinensis, and assamica ssp. lasiocalyx. Extensive genetic variability was detected between species, which was partitioned into between and within population components. Seventy percent of the variation was detected within populations. Analyses based on band sharing separated the three populations in a manner consistent with both the present taxonomy of tea and with the known pedigrees of some clones. RAPD analysis also discriminated all of the 38 commercial clones, even those which cannot be distinguished on the basis of morphological and phenotypic traits.Key words: genetic diversity, RAPDs, Camellia sinensis.

scholarly journals Morphological, Chemical, and Genetic Characteristics of Korean Native Thyme Bak-Ri-Hyang (Thymus quinquecostatus Celak.)

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Minju Kim ◽  
Jun-Cheol Moon ◽  
Songmun Kim ◽  
Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Genetic Characteristics

Bak-ri-hyang (Thymus quinquecostatus Celak.) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant in Korea. T. quinquecostatus population and is always mixed with other thyme cultivars during cultivation and marketing. Hence, this study aimed to determine the genetic variability and the essential oil composition of three Korean native thyme, T. quinquecostatus cultivars collected from the Wolchul, Jiri, and Odae mountains, in comparison with six commercial thyme cultivars (T. vulgaris), to distinguish Bak-ri-hyang from other thyme cultivars. The composition of essential oils obtained from nine individuals was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was accomplished using 16 different primers. The GC–MS analysis revealed that Wolchul, creeping, golden, and orange cultivars belong to the geraniol chemotype. Whereas the Odae, lemon, and silver cultivars belong to the thymol chemotype. Further, linalool was the most abundant component in carpet and Jiri cultivars. The RAPD analysis demonstrated that all thyme cultivars showed characteristic RAPD patterns that allowed their identification. In total, 133 bands were obtained using 16 primers, and 124 bands were polymorphic, corresponding to 93.2% polymorphism. Cluster analysis of RAPD markers established the presence of clear separation from nine thyme cultivars. The highest dissimilarity and similarity coefficient of the RAPD markers were 0.58 and 0.98, respectively. According to the RAPD patterns, the nine thyme cultivars could be divided into two major clusters. Among three Korean cultivars, the Wolchul and Odae cultivars were placed into the same cluster, but they did not show identical clustering with their essential oil compositions. The findings of the present study suggest that RAPD analysis can be a useful tool for marker-assisted identification of T. quinquecostatus from other Thymus species.

Comparative analysis of diversity based on morpho-metric and molecular markers in chickpea over different environments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Rialch ◽  
Rama Kalia ◽  
H. K. Chaudhary ◽  
B. Kumar ◽  
J. C. Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Metric Traits

Ten morpho-agronomic traits and 80 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers were used to survey genetic diversity in 25 chickpea genotypes. Analysis of variance revealed significant variability among different genotypes for morpho-metric traits. The cluster analysis done using morpho-metric traits grouped 25 genotypes into seven and six clusters in Environment I (Env. I) and Environment II (Env. II), respectively. Three genotypes viz., ICCV-96904, HPG-17, ICCV-95503 and L-HR-1 belonging to diverse clusters were identified divergent and may use in heterosis breeding programme. Of 80 random RAPD markers, 25 were found polymorphic. Three major clusters were identified using 25 polymorphic RAPD markers. The genetic similarity coefficient among genotypes ranged from 0.57 to 0.91. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) for 25 RAPD markers ranges from 0.12 to 0.40. D2-statistic, RAPD analysis and study of genotypes performance revealed sufficient genetic diversity among chickpea genotypes which would be useful in future breeding programme.

Isolation of Genotype- and Chromosome-specific DNA Markers in a Biotype of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Agnieszka M. Poplawski ◽  
John A. G. Irwin ◽  
John M. Manners
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Biotype B

Genetic markers that distinguish fungal genotypes are important tools for genetic analysis of heterokaryosis and parasexual recombination in fungi. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers that distinguish two races of biotype B of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting the legume Stylosanthes guianensis were sought. Eighty-five arbitrary oligonucleotide primers were used to generate 895 RAPD bands but only two bands were found to be specifically amplified from DNA of the race 3 isolate. These two RAPD bands were used as DNA probes and hybridised only to DNA of the race 3 isolate. Both RAPD bands hybridised to a dispensable 1.2 Mb chromosome of the race 3 isolate. No other genotype-specific chromosomes or DNA sequences were identified in either the race 2 or race 3 isolates. The RAPD markers hybridised to a 2 Mb chromosome in all races of the genetically distinct biotype A pathogen which infects other species of Stylosanthes as well as S. guianensis. The experiments indicate that RAPD analysis is a potentially useful tool for obtaining genotype- and chromosome-specific DNA probes in closely related isolates of one biotype of this fungal pathogen.

scholarly journals POLYMORPHISMS OF RAPD MARKERS IN CELERY CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 660e-660
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Yang ◽  
Carlos F. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
The Relationship

Celery cultivars (Apium graveolens var. dulce) in North America have a narrow genetic base. Twenty-two celery, one celeriac and one annual cultivar were screened for polymorphic RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers with 28 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Among the total 231 bands obtained, 28 (12%) of the bands were polymorphic among the 24 accessions screened, but only 18 (7.8%) were polymorphic within the 22 celery cultivars. These markers are sufficient to distinguish each of the cultivars used. The average number of marker differences is 6.2 between two celery cultivars, 13.5 between the celeriac and the remaining cultivars, and 16.5 between the annual and the other cultivars. The relationship among the celery cultivars disclosed from this study is basically consistent with that observed using total protein and isozyme markers. RAPD technology provides a new alternative for cultivar identification in celery.

scholarly journals Genotypic diversity assessment of some durum wheat (Triticum durum) genotypes using RAPD analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATIBA BΟUSBA ◽  
SARA GUERAICHE ◽  
MALIKA RACHED KANOUNI ◽  
RABAH BΟUNAR ◽  
ABDELHAMID DJEKΟUNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Local Genotypes

Abstract. Bousba R, Gueraiche S, Kanouni MR, Bounar R, Djekoune A, Khammar H, Nadia Y. 2020. Genotypic diversity assessment of some durum wheat (Triticum durum) genotypes using RAPD analysis. Biodiversitas 21: 2696-2701. Knowledge of genetic variability in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is of major importance in the development of breeding programs and the preservation of local landrace resources. The objective of this study is to highlight the molecular polymorphism among six durum wheat genotypes from different origins and characterized by different sensitivity to drought tolerance (tolerant, semi-tolerant, and non-tolerant). 15 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the molecular diversity of these genotypes. Our results show a total of one hundred and sixty-nine amplicons, where one hundred and twenty-four are polymorphic bands. The number of bands per primer ranged from two (OPJ-06) to fifteen bands (primers OPE-13 and OPB-01). The values of the Allelic frequency varied from 1 (OPJ-06) to 0.20 (OPA-17) and 0.19 (OPE-13, OPO-06, B-19 and OPA-20). Also, the values of the coefficient of genetic similarity range from 0.69 to 0.80, these results indicate a large variation between tested genotypes. According to the dendrogram generated by the RAPD approach, we obtained four distinct groups: the first one (G1) contains GTADUR and KORIFFLA x SHAM, the second group (G2) contains the local genotype BIDI-17. However, the genotype WAHA was in the third group (G3), the fourth and fifth groups contained the genotypes CIRTA and TELL, respectively. A complementary analysis was done to estimate genetic differentiation, using CPA Analysis that indicated four groups among the six genotypes, where, the local genotypes BIDI-17 and CIRTA were classified together. For allele’s richness, the local genotypes show in this investigation, the highest values in comparison to the introduced genotypes, which suggested the performance of the RAPD markers (high polymorphism and fast genetic analysis). The molecular markers RAPD-PCR type, despite their non-specific characteristics, has shown a strong aptitude for genetic characterization in durum wheat and a high level of polymorphism, which makes it possible in a preliminary study to make exploitable discrimination. These results may be helpful in the improvement and varietal selection, and useful in accelerating breeding programs of durum wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation of Portuguese Tea Plant using RAPD Markers

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jorge ◽  
M.C. Pedroso ◽  
D.B. Neale ◽  
G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Arbitrary Primers ◽  
Tea Plants

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to estimate genetic similarities between Portuguese Camelliasinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (tea plant) accessions and those obtained from the germplasm collections from the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya and from the National Research Institute of Vegetables, Ornamental Plants, and Tea of Japan. The accessions studied are taxonomically classified as C. sinensis, var. sinensis, var. assamica, or ssp. lasiocalyx. A set of 118 ten-base arbitrary primers was tested, of which 25 produced informative, reproducible, and polymorphic banding patterns. These primers were used to amplify DNA from 71 tea plant accessions and produced a total of 282 bands, of which 195 were polymorphic. The phenotypic frequencies were calculated using Shannon's Index and employed in estimating genetic diversity within tea plant populations. Our study demonstrates that tea plant populations, including the Portuguese tea plants, show considerable genetic variability. From the UPGMA cluster analysis based on a matrix using the Jaccard coefficient, it was possible to distinguish the Portuguese tea plants from the remaining accessions. The RAPD markers discriminated the three C. sinensis varieties. Moreover, within each variety cluster, subclusters formed according to geographic distribution. The RAPD analysis also separated the commercially cultivated tea plants from the Taiwanese wild tea plants. The present results show that RAPD analysis constitutes a good method to estimate genetic diversity within C. sinensis, and to differentiate C. sinensis accessions according to taxonomic variety and geographical distribution.

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