scholarly journals Chemical Regulation of Growth of Perennial Bedding Plants

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 509D-509
Author(s):  
Paul A. Thomas ◽  
Joyce G. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Minimum Rate ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Experience Marketing ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Regulation Of Growth

Perennial growers experience marketing difficulty when the stem length, or height of their perennial stock is excessive. Both wholesale and retail outlets desire to keep height to a minimum, while still promoting the production of flowers. The objective of this study was to screen containerized, spring-planted perennials for response to the growth retardants Sumagic, Bonzi, and B-Nine. Each perennial variety used was treated with B-Nine (Daminozide at 5000 ppm Bonzi (paclobutrazol) at 240 ppm, and Sumagic (uniconizole-P) at the following rates: 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 ppm.Pre-cooled plugs of cultivars were selected from the genera Achillea, Coreopsis, Echinaceae, Digitalis, Gaillardia, Phlox, Rudbeckia, Alcea, Veronica, and Monarda. A randomized complete block design was implemented. Eight of the nine cultivars were responsive to Sumagic, with a 12% to 79% range of reduction in height. Seven cultivars were responsive to Bonzi with a 20% to 61% range of reduction. Only one cultivar was responsive to B-Nine, requiring two applications of 5000 ppm, to yield a 22% reduction in height at 4WAT. Based upon growers' desire for up to 50% height reduction, a 30% height reduction assessment point was established as a minimum rate for production, and a 50% to 60% reduction was established as the maximum landscape rate (based upon in-landscape persistence).

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Paclobutrazol on the Yield of Asha and Farmers’ Variety of Peanut

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Grace B. Gatan ◽  
Virgilio DM. Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Assimilate Partitioning ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)  is commonly grown during the dry season and most farmers used the native variety. Growth retardants such as paclobutrazol (PBZ) was found to increase yield of some important crops. A study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of paclobutrazol on the peanut yield of Asha and Farmers’ variety during the wet season. The experimental area was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) factorial. Treatments were replicated thrice. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and  the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test was used to compare treatment means. The increasing level of PBZ increased the number of pods of Asha by 29.97% while the most number of seeds was obtained from farmers’ variety. Applied PBZ Asha at 150mg/L recorded the highest shelling percentage that is 16.19% higher when compared to the untreated. Paclobutrazol application significantly increased seed yield of Asha and farmers’ variety by 43.34% and 20.86% at 150mg/L and 75mg/L, respectively. The increase in yield was due to the observed reduction in plant height and stem growth which possibly enhanced assimilate partitioning to pods. Asha applied with PBZ at 150mg/L obtained the highest seed yield of 4.2 tons/ha. Keywords— Agriculture, yield, peanut, paclobutrazol, experimental design, Pampanga, Philippines

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Retardants on Production of Containerized `Barbara Karst' Bougainvillea

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 679b-679
Author(s):  
James H. Aldrich ◽  
Jeffrey G. Norcini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soilless Substrate ◽  
Bougainvillea Glabra

The effect of four PGRs on production of `Barbara Karst' bougainvillea [Bougainvillea × buttiana (Bougainvillea glabra Choicy × Bougainvillea peruviana Humb. & Bonpl.) was determined. Liners were transplanted into 3.8-L containers with a soilless substrate on 6 Apr. 1995 and were pruned on 15 May (mean height and width 23.6 and 34.5 cm, respectively). Uniconazole (10 ppm), maleic hydrazide (2808 ppm), daminozide (5000 ppm), and paclobutrazol (50, 100, or 200 ppm) were applied as a foliar spray (to wet) by a compressed air backpack sprayer on 16 May (0 weeks after treatment [WAT]). Daminozide (5000 ppm) was reapplied 31 May and 13 June as described above. Soil drenches of 5, 10, or 20 ppm paclobutrazol were additional treatments. Two nonPGR-treated controls were included: pruned at 0 WAT, and pruned at 0 and 4 WAT. There were eight replications per treatment placed in a randomized complete block design on a container bed under full sun and drip irrigation. At 6, 9, and 12 WAT, growth, flowering, growth habit, number of structural branches (>15 cm long), and level of bacterial spot infection by Pseudomonas andropogonis were recorded. Marketability was recorded 12 WAT and phytotoxicity noted 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 WAT. No PGR treatment effectively suppressed growth, or enhanced quality or marketability of `Barbara Karst' bougainvillea grown in 3.8-L containers. Furthermore, daminozide reduced the number of structural branches and maleic hydrazide was phytotoxic.

scholarly journals Growth and Development Responses of Flowering Cabbage and Kale Cultivars to Four Growth Retardants

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 436F-436
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
B.P. Singh ◽  
W. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

During the fall of 1993 and 1994, four commonly used growth retardants (B-nine, Cycocel, A-rest, and Bonzi) were compared for their effect on the growth and development of three ornamental flowering cabbage cultivars (white, red, and pink) and two ornamental flowering kale cultivars (frizzy red and red peacock). Two weeks after transplanting, seedlings of each cultivar were sprayed with aqueous solutions of the four growth retardants. Treatments for each cultivar were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 6 replications. Plant height, plant width, and dry weight were the parameters used to measure growth and development. Treatments for each cultivar were rated for head formation and color development. Results showed that all the growth retardants except for Cycocel significantly affected growth and development without any effect on head formation and color development. Bonzi caused the greatest growth suppression.

scholarly journals (125) Response of Six Begonia Species to Different Substrate pH

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085C-1085
Author(s):  
Ka Yeon Jeong ◽  
Claudio Pasian ◽  
David Tay
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Plastic Containers

Substrate pH of soilless media directly affects nutrient availability. Limited information about the effect of substrate pH on growth of begonia species (not cultivated hybrids) was found in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrate pH on the growth and quality of six begonia species grown from June to Aug. 2004. The targeted pH ranges (<4.5, 4.5∼5.0, 5.0∼5.5, 5.5∼6.0, 6.0∼6.5, 6.5∼7.0, and over 7.0) of the peat-based substrates were obtained by adding seven different amounts of dolomitic hydrated lime: 0, 1.0, 1.3, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, and 2.6 kg·m3. Begonia albopicta, B. cucullata var. cucullata, B. echinosepala var. elongatifolia, B. holtonis, B. fuchsioides (red), and B. fuchsioides (pink), were propagated by stem cuttings, and then transplanted into plastic containers. This experiment was a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete-block design. The pH was monitored weekly using the pour-through method and adjusted accordingly by adding flowable lime or a mild sulfuric acid solution. The pH values were averaged for each treatment of each species. There were significant differences between species in the inflorescence number and SPAD readings, but no interaction between species and substrate pH was found. Stem length, leaf area, and dry weight of each plant were significantly affected by species and substrate pH. B. albopicta performed best at substrate pH of 5.6 and 6.0, showing no symptoms of phytotoxicity. B. cucullata, above substrate pH 6.0, and B. holtonis at pH 5.0 and 5.6 had the highest vegetative growth and plant quality. Plant mortality was observed for B. cucullata and B. fuchsioides (red) at pH below 4.4 and 5.3, respectively.

scholarly journals Soil compaction affects sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass forage productivity in the Brazilian savanna

2020 ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalto José de Souza Linhares ◽  
Wainer Gomes Gonçalves ◽  
Savio Menezes Cabral ◽  
Marlete Ferreira de Brito ◽  
Eduardo Valcacer Brandstetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Livestock Systems

Integrated crop-livestock systems maximize land use, infrastructure and labor; diversify production; and minimize costs, thereby reducing risks and adding value to agricultural products. However, growing mechanically harvested crops can negatively affect soil structure, reducing plant biomass productivity. The present study aimed to evaluate soil compaction and its effects on the forage productivity of sunflower and Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguas during the second cropping period. The experiment was conducted as a split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications. Four compaction levels represented by traffic from an agricultural tractor were established: 0 (absence of compaction), 2, 10 and 30 passes over the same spot. Two forage systems were established in the subplots: sunflower grown solely as a monocrop (40,000 plants ha-1) or intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass (10 plants linear m-1). The following parameters were quantified: soil bulk density, plant height, capitulum diameter and 1000-achene weight for sunflower; stem length and the leaf/stem ratio for Paiaguas palisadegrass; and total and partitioned forage productivity. The results showed that sunflower was highly sensitive to soil compaction and that the development and productivity of this species decreased in response to the greatest bulk density, which in turn affected the Paiaguas palisadegrass. Overall, intercropping is recommended for increased forage productivity.

scholarly journals 776 PB 386 THE INFLUENCE OF FOUR COMMERCIAL GROWTH RETARDANTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT FLOWERING CABBAGE AND KALE CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 544b-544
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Sauveur Mahotiere
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ornamental Kale

During the Fall of 1993, four commercial growth retardants (B-nine, Cycocel, A-rest and Bonzi) were compared for their effectiveness in controlling the growth and development of three ornamental cabbage cultivars (white, red and pink) and two flowering ornamental kale cultivars (frizzy red and red peacock). Two weeks after transplanting; seedling of each cultivar were sprayed with aqueous solutions of the four commercial growth retardants. Treatments for each cultivar were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 6 replications. Plant height, plant width and dry weight were the parameters used to measure growth and development. Results showed that all the growth retardants except for cycocel significantly affected growth and development without any effect on head formation and color development. Bonzi caused the greatest growth suppression.

scholarly journals Yield and postharvest quality of winter growing crisphead lettuce as affected by doses of nitrogen and molybdenum

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo M de Resende ◽  
Marco Antônio R Alvarenga ◽  
Jony E Yuri ◽  
Rovilson José de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The trial was carried out at Três Pontas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from April to July 2003, to evaluate the influence of nitrogen and molybdenum rates on productive characteristics and postharvest quality of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Treatments were a factorial combination of four nitrogen rates (0.0; 60.0; 120.0 and 180.0 kg ha-1) applied in additional the dose commonly used by growers (60 kg ha-1 of N) and five foliar molybdenum rates (0.0; 35.1; 70.2; 105.3 and 140.4 g ha-1). The total and commercial fresh weight and head circumference showed significant effects for doses of nitrogen and of molybdenum, as well as for their interaction. No significant effects of the treatments for stem length were observed. There was a linear effect of N and Mo doses for postharvest conservation at 28 days, and the rate of 150.0 kg ha-1 of N showed the best conservation at 35 days after the harvest. The percentage of dry matter showed quadratic effects, and the doses of 95.9 kg ha-1 of N and 75.3 kg ha-1 of Mo showed the highest return.

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document