Development of Bt-cry5 Insect-resistant Potato Lines 'Spunta-G2' and 'Spunta-G3'

The potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) is the primary insect pest of cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in tropical and subtropical regions, causing both foliar and tuber damage. In contrast, the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) is the most important insect pest in the northern potato production latitudes. The codon-modified Bacillus thuringiensis Bt-cry5 gene (revised nomenclature cry1IaI), specifically toxic to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, was transformed into cultivar Spunta using an Agrobacterium vector to provide resistance to both potato tuber moth and Colorado potato beetle. The Bt-cry5 gene was placed downstream from the constitutive CaMV35S promoter. Two transgenic 'Spunta' clones, G2 and G3, produced high levels of mortality in first instars of potato tuber moth in detached-leaf bioassays (80% to 83% mortality), laboratory tuber tests (100% mortality), and field trials in Egypt (99% to 100% undamaged tubers). Reduced feeding by Colorado potato beetle first instars was also observed in detached-leaf bioassays (80% to 90% reduction). Field trials in the United States demonstrated that the horticultural performance of the two transgenic lines was comparable to 'Spunta'. These Bt-cry5 transgenic potato plants with high potato tuber moth resistance have value in integrated pest management programs.

Download Full-text

633 Field Performance of “Transgenic” Potato, with Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle and Viruses

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.556e ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 556E-557 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David R. Duncan ◽

David Hammond ◽

Jim Zalewski ◽

John Cudnohufsky ◽

Wojciech Kaniewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Resistance Management ◽

Field Performance ◽

Transgenic Potato ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Management Program ◽

Russet Burbank ◽

Potato Beetle

After more than 10 years of research, Monsanto scientists have developed improved seed potatoes that are protected from serious pests, including insects and disease. The first commercial products resulting from this effort were NewLeaf ® potatoes derived from `Russet Burbank' and `Atlantic' parents. The NewLeaf® product was commercialized in 1995 and contains a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (variety tenebrionis) (B.t.t.). for the production of the Cry3A protein. Potatoes expressing this gene are completely protected from the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and need no additional chemical protection for this insect pest. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have all determined that these potatoes are the same in safety and nutritional composition as any other `Russet Burbank' and `Atlantic' potatoes. These potatoes have also been approved by Health Canada, Agri-Food Canada and Agriculture Canada and by Japan and Mexico for food use. Commercial growers across North America have experienced outstanding performance while growing NewLeaf® potatoes 3 years in a row. This level of performance is the result of stable, nonsignificant differences in expression of the Cry3A gene. The stable performance, also, is a result of an effective insect resistance management program based on maintaining CPB refuges near NewLeaf ® fields, reducing CPB populations, and monitoring for CPB surviving exposure to NewLeaf® potatoes. In 1998 NewLeaf Y®), conferring resistance to both CPB and potato virus Y, and NewLeaf Plus®, conferring resistance to CPB and potato leafroll virus will be commercially released.

Download Full-text

Field Survey and Monitoring of Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea operculella)(Zeller)(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science ◽

10.3126/jiaas.v27i0.710 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 157-160

Author(s):

DB Tiwari ◽

RB Thapa ◽

SM Shrestha ◽

SL Joshi

Keyword(s):

Potato Tuber ◽

Field Survey ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Potato Production ◽

First Record ◽

Phthorimaea Operculella ◽

Kathmandu Valley ◽

Potato Tuber Moth ◽

And Storage

Potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) is a major pest of stored potato. Field survey was conducted to know the effect of this pest on potato production and storage under farmers' conditions in the Kathmandu valley and remote district Rolpa during 2005. Ninety farmers (40 in the Kathmandu valley and 50 in Rolpa) were interviewed in semi-structured questionnaires and PTM was also monitored using sex pheromone. Survey and monitoring revealed that PTM (insect pest) and late blight (disease) were the major problems of potato crop in both the areas. Maximum of 69 moths per week were collected in one set of pheromone trap in Kathmandu and 76 moths trapped within five days of trap setting in Rolpa. That was the first record, authentic evidence to clarify farmers’ confusion in Rolpa district about the presence of P. operculella in potato growing areas. In the Kathmandu valley, 95% of respondent farmers were aware of this pest and 80% farmers relied on chemical pesticides to manage P. operculella on stored potato. However, only 4% of the respondent farmers in Rolpa were aware of this pest. Therefore, its management is necessary for healthy potato production in the field and storage under farmers’ conditions in Nepal. Key words : Phthorimaea operculella, field survey and monitoring J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:157-160 (2006)

Download Full-text

PROLONGED DORMANCY IN A PACIFIC NORTHWEST POPULATION OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent122175-1 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 122 (1) ◽

pp. 175-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

K.D. Biever ◽

R.L. Chauvin

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Potato Production ◽

The United States ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Prolonged Diapause

The Colorado potato beetle is a major worldwide pest of potato and several other solanaceous plants. Insecticidal resistance is a serious problem in the northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States and a developing problem in other potato production areas of the United States and Canada (Forgash 1985; Johnson and Sandvol 1986; Boiteau et al. 1987). In the northwestern United States, insecticides applied to control the green peach aphid also control Colorado potato beetle, but these insecticides are likely to become ineffective due to the development of resistance or unavailable because of restricted use and environmental concerns. Biologically based management strategies are needed to reduce dependency on insecticides; these strategies require new basic knowledge including understanding prolonged diapause in populations of the Colorado potato beetle. Krysan et al. (1986) established that the occurrence of prolonged or repeated diapause can influence management strategies for insects, especially with respect to crop rotation.

Download Full-text

Origin of pest lineages of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata

10.1101/156612 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Victor Izzo ◽

Yolanda H. Chen ◽

Sean D. Schoville ◽

Cong Wang ◽

David J. Hawthorne

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Host Range ◽

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Rapid Evolution ◽

The United States ◽

Southern Plains ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Exotic Pests

ABSTRACTColorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) is a pest of potato throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but little is known about the beetle’s origins as a pest. To determine the origins of pest populations of CPB, we sampled the beetle from uncultivated Solanum host plants in Mexico, and from pest and non-pest populations in the U.S. We used mtDNA and nuclear loci to examine three hypotheses on the origin of the pest lineages: 1) the pest beetles originated from Mexican populations, 2) the pest beetles descended from hybridization between previously divergent populations, or 3) the pest beetles descended from populations that are native to the Plains states in the United States. We examined patterns of genetic diversity among geographic regions in order to detect invasion-related genetic information. Mitochondrial haplotypes of non-pest populations from Mexico and southern Arizona differed substantially from beetles collected from the southern plains and potato fields in the U. S., indicating that beetles from Mexico and Arizona did not contribute to founding the pest lineages. Similar results were observed for AFLP and microsatellite data. In contrast, non-pest populations from the southern plains of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Texas were genetically similar to U. S. pest populations, clearly indicating that they contributed to the founding of the pest lineages. Although some pest populations are less genetically diverse (e.g., Washington, Idaho), most of the pest populations do not show a significant reduction in genetic diversity compared to the plains populations in the U. S. In contrast to the colonization patterns typical of exotic pests, our analyses suggests that a large genetically heterogeneous beetle populations expanded onto potato from native Solanum hosts. As an endemic colonization of a novel host plant, this host range expansion may have contributed to the relatively abundant genetic diversity of contemporary populations, perhaps contributing to the rapid evolution of host range and insecticide resistance in this widely successful insect pest.

Download Full-text

Transgenic potato plants expressing the nptII-gus marker genes affect survival and development of the Colorado potato beetle

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/s0168-9452(01)00567-2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 373-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sébastien De Turck ◽

Philippe Giordanengo ◽

Anas Cherqui ◽

Corinne Ducrocq-Assaf ◽

Brigitte S Sangwan-Norreel

Keyword(s):

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Transgenic Potato ◽

Marker Genes ◽

Potato Plants ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Survival And Development ◽

Transgenic Potato Plants

Download Full-text

Damage potential and phenology of the Colorado potato beetle [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae] on potato in southern Alberta

Phytoprotection ◽

10.7202/706231ar ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 89-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. Noronha ◽

G.M. Duke ◽

M.S. Goettel

Keyword(s):

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽

Potato Production ◽

Maximum Density ◽

The Other ◽

Damage Potential ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Southern Alberta ◽

Overwintering Mortality ◽

Experimental Plots

The phenology and damage potential of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) were studied in the potato producing area in southern Alberta. Experimental plots were established at Lethbridge in 1998, 1999 and 2000, and at Vauxhall in 1998 and 1999. At each site, one plot was protected against the beetle by application of insecticides while the other was "unprotected." Natural potato beetle populations quickly colonized unprotected plots each year. Overwintered adults appeared in plots by mid June with mean densities reaching between 0.3 and 0.6 per plant. Eggs were laid on young plants with mean densities reaching two egg masses per plant by late June. Maximum larval densities reached 9.5 per plant for each of 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars and 14 per plant for 4th instars. Maximum density for newly emerged adults was 57 per plant in mid-July at the 2000 Lethbridge unprotected plot. Defoliation was very low at the beginning of the season but increased sharply when 3rd and 4th instar populations peaked and continued to rise as new adults emerged. Maximum defoliation occurred at the Lethbridge plot in 2000 with 100% defoliation by 10 August. Total yields in all unprotected plots ranged from 10 to 40% lower than in the protected plots. Mean density of overwintering adults within potato plots was 76 beetles m-2 with a maximum of 232 m-2. Mean overwintering mortality was 22% and mean depth of overwintering adults was 12 cm, with 63% of the beetles collected at depths ≤ 10 cm. Our results indicate that the phenology of the beetle is similar to that reported in areas where population buildups were rapid and devastating soon after insecticide resistant populations appeared. Consequently the beetle must be considered as a serious threat to potato production in southern Alberta.

Download Full-text

Conjugated linoleic acid as a novel insecticide targeting the agricultural pest Leptinotarsa decemlineata

10.1101/715011 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Justin Clements ◽

Russell L. Groves ◽

JoAnn Cava ◽

Caroline Barry ◽

Scott Chapman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Larval Growth ◽

The United States ◽

Feeding Preference ◽

Agricultural Pest ◽

Potato Beetle

AbstractThe Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, is a major agricultural pest of solanaceous crops in the United States. Historically, a multitude of insecticides have been used to control problematic populations. Due to increasing resistance to insecticides, novel compounds and methodologies are warranted for the control of beetle populations. Mixed-isomer conjugated linoleic acid has been studied in-depth for its beneficial properties to mammalian systems. At the same time, studies have demonstrated that conjugated linoleic acid can manipulate fatty acid composition in non-mammalian systems, resulting in embryo mortality. Consequently, experiments were conducted to assess the effects of foliar-applied conjugated linoleic acid on larval growth, embryogenesis, and feeding preference in Colorado potato beetle. Both maternal and deterrent effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid were assessed. Conjugated linoleic acid demonstrated desirable insecticidal properties, including increased larval mortality, slowed larval development, antifeedant effects, and decreased egg viability after maternal ingestion.

Download Full-text

The Potential Distribution of the Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea Operculella) Based on Climate and Host Availability of Potato

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10010012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jae-Min Jung ◽

Sang-Geui Lee ◽

Kwang-Ho Kim ◽

Sung-Wook Jeon ◽

Sunghoon Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Potato Tuber ◽

Host Plant ◽

Potential Distribution ◽

Potato Production ◽

Plant Production ◽

Potato Seed ◽

Potato Tuber Moth ◽

Climatic Suitability ◽

Plant Availability

This study evaluated the potential distribution of the potato tuber moth. This species severely impacts global potato production, especially in China and India, which have the world’s largest potato production. We developed two indices considering host plant availability and production in addition to climatic suitability, which was simulated using the CLIMEX model. Thus, three different indices were used to project potential distribution of the potato tuber moth under a climate change scenario: (1) climatic suitability (ecoclimatic index (EI)) (EIM), (2) climatic suitability combined with host plant availability (EIN1), and (3) climatic suitability combined with host plant production (EIN2). Under the current climate, EIM was high in southern India and central to southern China, while EIN1 and EIN2 were approximately 38% and 20% lower than EIM, respectively. Under the Special Report on Emissions Scenario A1B, the potato tuber moth would probably not occur in India, but its distribution could be extended to the north, reaching N47°. The areas with the highest climatic suitability by potato tuber moth based on three indices were Sichuan and Karnataka in response to climate change. These areas require adequate pest control, such as prevention of spread through transport of potato seed or by using cold storage facilities.

Download Full-text