Yield Response of Upland Rice as Influenced by Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers in the Brazilian Cerrado

Nitrogen (N) fertilizers have their use efficiency adversely affected by the rate and source of N. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the yield response of upland rice by using NBPT (urease inhibitor), PCU (polymer-coated urea) and uncoated urea under different N application rates. It was hypothesized that either NPBT or PCU may result in increased yield components of upland rice when compared to conventional urea. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in a 3 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with four replicates. Treatments comprised three sources (conventional uncoated urea, NBPT-treated urea, and polymer-coated urea) and four rates (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) of N, in addition to a control treatment (no fertilizer application). Nitrogen fertilizers were applied in two split doses: 50% at the seedling stage, and 50% at the tillering stage (~80 days after planting). The results revealed that the use of enhanced-efficiency N sources increased the productivity and plant height of upland rice crop when compared to conventional urea. As compared to when it is untreated or polymner-coated, treating urea with NBPT resulted in increased 100-grain weight.

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Effects of 3,4-dimethylphyrazole phosphate-added nitrogen fertilizers on crop growth and N2O emissions in Southern Italy

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/362/2013-pse ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 517-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Vitale ◽

L. Ottaiano ◽

F. Polimeno ◽

G. Maglione ◽

U. Amato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Italy ◽

Pore Space ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Soil N ◽

Randomized Block Design

The effect of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylphyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on N-fertilized crop growth and soil N2O emissions were studied at two experimental sites in Southern Italy, characterised by a Mediterranean climate and different soil texture. The experiments were a randomized block design of two treatments: crop fertilized with NH4NO3 (considered the control treatment) or amended with DMPP plus NH4NO3 (considered the DMPP treatment). ANOVA was performed to assess differences between treatments and fertilization periods whereas simple and multiple linear regressions were performed in order to assess the effect of the soil-related in-dependent variables on soil gases emissions. Growth of potato plants fertilized with DMPP-added nitrogen was enhanced compared to control plants, whereas no benefit on maize plants grown during summer was observed. N2O emissions measured from soil to potato after the first fertilization with DMPP-added nitrogen was reduced during winter, but was higher than control after the second fertilizer application in spring, leading to comparable N2O emission factors (EF1) between treatments. In maize N2O emissions and EF1 were lower for DMPP compared to control treatment. The effectiveness of reduction in soil N2O emission was influenced by soil temperature and water-filled pore space (WFPS) in both experimental sites. However, the overall effect of WFPS was contrasting as N2O emissions were decreased in potato and enhanced in maize.

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Respons Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Klon Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) terhadap Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Urea (Growth Response And Yield Of Patchouli Clones (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) On Dose Urea Various Applications)

Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan ◽

10.25181/jaip.v8i2.1376 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 109-119

Author(s):

Retno Ayu Diah Pangestu ◽

M. Tahir ◽

Fatahillah Fatahillah

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Best Response ◽

Pogostemon Cablin ◽

Wet Weight ◽

The Right

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produces essential oils and important foreign exchange earner for Indonesia. Using superior clonesÂ with the right fertilizer application will increase the yield of patchouli oil. The research aims to obtain patchouli plants that have the best response of urea fertilization application and optimum dosage of urea for patchouli plant growth. The study was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri lampungâ€™s teaching farm in December 2018 until May 2019. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), consisting of two treatment factors, namely the type of urea clone. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of 2 levels, namely NPL 9 clone and Lhokseumawe clone. The second factor is the treatment of urea doses consisting of 4 levels, namely control, 250 kg.ha-1, 300 kg.ha-1, and 350 kg.ha-1. Variables observed included plantâ€™s height, bough, diameter, number of leaves, stalk angle, chlorophyll content, wet weight of plant, wind dry weight of plant, and yield. The results of research showedÂ NPL 9 clone had a superior appearance and 350 kg.ha-1 of urea doseÂ was the optimal dose compared to other doses and could increase patchouli yield 2,3% compared to the control treatment.

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DOSES E MODOS DE APLICAÇÃO DE UREIA REVESTIDA COM POLÍMERO NO CULTIVO DE ALFACE AMERICANA

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i4.10649 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 579-584

Author(s):

Hamilton César de Oliveira Charlo ◽

Juliano da Silva Martins de Almeida ◽

Valdeci Orioli Júnior ◽

Regina Maria Quintão Lana

Keyword(s):

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Coated Urea ◽

Commercial Yield ◽

Polymer Coated Urea ◽

N Rates

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de doses e modos de aplicação de N, fornecido por meio de ureia revestida, no estado nutricional e produção de alface americana. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 6x4 + 1, sendo seis doses de N (28,75; 57,50; 115,00; 172,50; 230,00; 287,50 kg ha-1 de N), como fonte a ureia revestida, e quatro modos de aplicação do nutriente (100% da dose no transplante; 50% no transplante + 50% aos 10 dias após o transplante (DAT); 25% no transplante + 75% aos 10 dias DAT; 25% no transplante + 25% a cada cobertura, aos 10, 20 e 30 DAT). No tratamento adicional utilizou-se a ureia convencional. Foram determinados os teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, a massa fresca total e comercial da cabeça, o diâmetro do caule, a altura da planta e o diâmetro da cabeça aos 30 e 60 dias após o transplante. Verificou-se que a adubação nitrogenada aumentou os teores foliares de N, Ca e Mg, e reduziu os teores foliares de K e P. Não houve influência das doses de N proveniente de ureia revestida com polímero e dos modos de aplicação nos atributos morfológicos e produtivos da cultura. Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa L.; nitrogênio; fertilizante de liberação lenta; fertilizante de liberação controlada. RATES AND APPLICATIONS WAYS OF POLYMER-COATED UREA IN CRISPHEAD LETTUCE CULTIVATION ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N rates (using a polymer-coated urea) and N application ways in nutritional status and yield of crisphead lettuce. The randomized block design in a 6 x 4 + 1 factorial arrangement was used, with six N rates (28.75, 57.50, 115.00, 172.50, 230.00, 287.50 kg ha-1 of N), with the use of polymer-coated urea, and four nutrient application ways (100% of the transplant rate, 50% at the transplant + 50% at the 10 days after the transplant (DAT), 25% at the transplant + 75% at 10 days DAT, 25% at transplant + 25% at each side dressing fertilization at 10, 20 and 30 DAT). The additional treatment was related to the recommended N fertilization using conventional urea. N, P, K, Ca and Mg, total and commercial yield, stem diameter, plant height and head diameter were determined at 30 and 60 days after transplant. Nitrogen fertilization increased the N, Ca and Mg foliar levels, independently of the application way. However, in general, it reduced the leaf levels of K and P. There was no influence of N rates from polymer-coated urea and application way on the morphological attributes and yield of the crop. Keywords: Lactuca sativa L.; nitrogen; slow-release fertilizer; controlled-release fertilizer.

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Ammonia volatilization and yield components after application of polymer-coated urea to maize

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832014000400016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 1200-1206 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eduardo Zavaschi ◽

Letícia de Abreu Faria ◽

Godofredo Cesar Vitti ◽

Carlos Antonio da Costa Nascimento ◽

Thiago Augusto de Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Ammonia Volatilization ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Favorable Effect ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Coated Urea ◽

Polymer Coated Urea ◽

Spad Readings

A form of increasing the efficiency of N fertilizer is by coating urea with polymers to reduce ammonia volatilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polymer-coated urea on the control of ammonia volatilization, yield and nutritional characteristics of maize. The experiment was carried out during one maize growing cycle in 2009/10 on a Geric Ferralsol, inUberlândia, MG, Brazil. Nitrogen fertilizers were applied as topdressing on the soil surface in the following urea treatments: polymer-coated urea at rates of 45, 67.5 and 90 kg ha-1 N and one control treatment (no N), in randomized blocks with four replications. Nitrogen application had a favorable effect on N concentrations in leaves and grains, Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter readings and on grain yield, where as coated urea had no effect on the volatilization rates, SPAD readings and N leaf and grain concentration, nor on grain yield in comparison to conventional fertilization.

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Increasing the Growth and Production of Irrigated Rice Through the Integrated Application of Rice–Duck–Azolla

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.7322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Etty Safriyani ◽

Mery Hasmeda ◽

Munandar Munandar ◽

Firdauas Sulaiman ◽

Holidi Holidi

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Integrated Agriculture

The application of integrated agriculture is an effort to reduce dependence up on agrochemicals and increase the absorption of nutrients, especially nitrogen, to increase plant growth and production. Azolla is an algae that can provide nitrogen for rice, while ducks can increase the availability of N, P, and K, as well as the efficiency of nitrogen use. This research aimed to evaluate the role of ducks and Azolla in increasing the growth and production of rice plants. This research was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 using an experimental method with a nonfactorial randomized block design. The combinations of nitrogen fertilizers, Azolla, and ducks (K) were as follows: K1 = 115 kg N ha−1, without ducks, without Azolla; K2 = 86 kg N ha−1, without ducks, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K3 = 86 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K4 = 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K5 = 29 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; and K6 = without N fertilizer, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1. The results showed that the application of 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, and 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1 (K4) was able to decrease the N fertilizer application by 50% and increase the rice growth and yield by 12.17% and 20.32%, respectively. Therefore, the integrated application of rice–duck–Azolla would support sustainable agriculture.

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Total soil electrical conductivity and critical soil K+ to Ca2+ and Mg2+ ratio for potato crops

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90161999000400030 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 993-997 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Roberto Anjos Reis Jr. ◽

Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes ◽

Júlio Cesar Lima Neves ◽

Nerilson Terra Santos

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Potassium Fertilizer ◽

Total Electrical Conductivity ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

K Fertilizer ◽

Set Up

Soil K+ to Ca2+ and Mg2+ ratio as well as the total salinity were evaluated in response to potassium fertilizer application onto potato. Potassium was applied at six different rates (0, 60, 120, 240, 480 and 960 kg ha-1 of K2O), as K2SO4, and was placed during planting time in the furrow. Soil from the 0-200 mm layer was collected in the furrow, 20 and 48 days after plant emergence (DAE) to evaluate soil pH, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents and the total electrical conductivity (EC). A factorial design (6x2), with six K rates and two sampling times was set up in a randomized block design with four replications. The application of K fertilizer increased exchangeable K, did not affect pH and exchangeable Ca and Mg contents, but caused a linear increase of the soil K+/(Ca2++Mg2+)1/2 ratio as well as EC. At 20 DAE, the critical soil K+/(Ca2++Mg2+)1/2ratio and the EC associated with maximum tuber yield (30.5 Mg.ha-1, with 353.4 kg ha-1 of K2O) were 1.79 and 1.6 dS m-1, respectively. The highest soil K+/(Ca2++Mg2+)1/2 ratio and EC were obtained with the highest application of K fertilizer, which led to a reduction in the potato tuber yield.

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FATE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AS AFFECTED BY RATE AND SOURCE ON AMARANTH.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1174a ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1174a-1174

Author(s):

Kalala Mwamba ◽

E.G. Rhoden ◽

R.O. Ankumah ◽

V. Khan

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Block Design ◽

Limited Resource ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nutritional Qualities ◽

Fate Of Nitrogen ◽

Set Up ◽

Sulfur Containing

Amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) is a vegetable crop with grains and leaves high in protein, especially, lysine and the sulfur-containing amino acids which are limiting in many vegetables and grains. These nutritional qualities and the ease of growth make it a suitable alternate crop for limited resource farmers. A study was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen sources and fertilization rates on amaranth production in Alabama and other Southeastern States. The experiment was set up as a complete randomized block design in Norfolk sandy loam (Fine silicoeus, thermic, Typic Paleudult). Four nitrogen sources (urea, sodium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate) were used at three different levels (0, 40, and 80 Kg/ha) one week after transplanting. Sources of nitrogen did not have any significant effect on both fresh and dry vegetable yield (p 0.05). However, fertilization brought significant increases in both yield and total nitrogen content of vegetable amaranth (p 0.05).

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Effects of nitrogen dosage and urea source on morphological composition and forage accumulation in massai grass

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n4p1407 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 1407

Author(s):

Aline Barros da Silva ◽

Carlos Augusto Brandão Carvalho ◽

Camila De Almeida Pires ◽

João Carlos De Carvalho Almeida ◽

Delci De Deus Nepomuceno

Keyword(s):

Accumulation Rate ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Morphological Composition ◽

Coated Urea ◽

N Dose

The effects of nitrogen (N) dose and urea source on forage mass (FM), percentage of dry matter of leaf blades (LBDMP), stem (SDMP), and dead material (DMDMP), and the forage accumulation rate (FAR) of Panicum maximum ‘Massai’ (massai grass) were evaluated. We set up an experiment with a completely randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (3×2) + 1, consisting of three doses (100, 200, and 400 kg ha–1 year–1), two urea sources (common and coated with Policote®), and a control treatment, in five consecutive climatic seasons, including the summers of 2011/2012 (summer I), autumn, winter, and spring of 2012, and the summers of 2012/2013 (summer II). We found an interaction effect between N dose, urea source, and season (p < 0.05). LBDMP linearly increased during dry periods (autumn and winter) and SDMP in autumn and DMDMP in winter linearly decreased when coated urea were used. FAR showed a linear increase with the use of both urea sources, except for common urea in autumn, and the increases in the winter were owing to a greater contribution of leaf blades to FM. The use of coated urea for N fertilization linearly increases FAR in all seasons of the year and improves the morphological composition of the forage of massai grass, mainly in dry seasons.

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APLIKASI PUPUK DAUN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr)

Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.31186/jipi.23.1.66-71 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 66-71

Author(s):

Elva Suryani ◽

Ronny Yuniar Galingging ◽

Widodo Widodo ◽

Marlin Marlin

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Time Interval ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Foliar Fertilizer ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Leaf Fertilizer

[APPLICATION OF LEAF FERTILIZER TO INCREASE THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr)]. Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) is a potential medicinal plant and required improved growth and yield through the application of appropriate fertilizers. This study aimed to increase the growth and yield of bawang Dayak by determining the optimum concentration and time interval of foliar fertilizer application. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design factorial. The first factor was the concentration of foliar fertilizer, consisting of 0,1, 2, and 3 g/L. The second factor was interval application of foliar fertilizer, consisting of every day, every 3 days, every 6 days, and every 9 days. The results showed that bawang Dayak did not show a significant response to foliar fertilizers. However, there was an interaction between the concentration and interval of foliar fertilizer application which had a significantly different effect on plant height. The highest plant height occurred at intervals of 3-day foliar fertilizer application with a concentration of 3 g/L. The concentration of foliar fertilizer had a significant effect on the variables of plant height, bulb fresh weight, as well as the bulb numbers. All concentrations of foliar fertilizer (0-3 g/L), and time intervals of foliar fertilizer application (1-9 days) affected the same growth and yield response of Bawang Dayak.

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Nutrient accumulation in the shoots of physic nut grown in two edaphoclimatic conditions

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n3p983 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 983 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sávio Coelho Magalhães ◽

Enilson De Barros Silva ◽

Evander Alves Ferreira ◽

Thassio De Menezes Reis ◽

Gustavo Antônio Mendes Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alternative Energy ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Nutrient Accumulation ◽

Physic Nut ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Phases Of Development ◽

Red Latosol ◽

Set Up

The possibility of using physic nut oil as an alternative energy source indicates that it is necessary to carry out studies concerning the absorption and accumulation of nutrients in the distinct phases of development of the crop for the appropriate management of fertilizer application. Given this information, this study aimed to evaluate the accumulation of nutrients in the shoots of physic nut plants, as well as to identify critical nutrient uptake by this crop. The experiments were set up independently in two different locations, from May 2010 to March 2013, and using the same procedures. The locations were characterized as follows: dystrophic Red Latosol in the municipality of Curvelo, MG; typical Quartzarenic Neosol in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates, the treatments being the evaluation times of the physic nut plants in both experiments. The collection times were every 30 days from planting of the seedlings in the field for a period of 1036 days, corresponding to 36 evaluations. After collection, the samples were prepared and submitted to chemical analysis of the nutrient content of the plant material. The contents were reported as nutrient content of the leaves, stems and fruit of physic nut plants. According to the results, it can be concluded that nutrient accumulation was higher in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Curvelo compared to the conditions of Diamantina. The concentration of macronutrients was in the following order: K > Ca > N > P > S > Mg in Diamantina and N > Ca > K > P > Mg > S in Curvelo. Accumulation of micronutrients in the shoots at 1036 days after planting physic nut seedlings in the field was in the following order: Mn > B > Fe > Zn > Cu in Diamantina and Mn > Fe > B > Zn > Cu in Curvelo.

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