scholarly journals Modeling the Relationship of Tomato Yield Parameters with Deficit Irrigation at Different Growth Stages

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1492-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Jiang ◽  
Yueling Zhao ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Sheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to investigate quantitative relationships between tomato yield parameters and deficit irrigation at different growth stages. Tomato plants received one of three irrigation treatments (full irrigation, 2/3, and 1/3 full irrigation) at flowering and fruit development (stage 2) and at fruit maturation (stage 3); no deficit irrigation treatments were applied at stage 1 during either season. We used linear regression to investigate how well the yield parameters such as whole-plant yield (Y), single-fruit weight (y), fruit diameter (D), and length (L) were correlated with seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) under different deficit irrigation treatments. Six water–yield models (Blank, Jensen, Singh, Stewart, Minhas, and Rao models) were used to predict the tomato yield parameters with deficit irrigation at different growth stages. The results showed that deficit irrigation at each growth stage significantly decreased ET, Y, y, L, and D, but not T1 (2/3 full irrigation at flowering and fruit development). T1 produced higher water use efficiency (WUE) with no significant decrease in yield parameters, indicating that an acceptable balance between high WUE and yield can be obtained with an appropriate water deficit at stage 2. Relative Y, y, D, and L increased linearly as relative seasonal ET increased. Water deficit sensitivity indexes calculated by the six different water–yield models showed that Y, y, D, and L were more sensitive to water deficit at stage 2 than at stage 3. The values of Y calculated by the Minhas and Singh models were similar to the observed values. The Minhas model provided good estimates of L and D, and the Blank model is recommended for calculating y when there is a water deficit at different growth stages. The water–yield models can be used to optimize irrigation water management and provide a sound basis for efficient tomato production.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Tomato Yield and Comprehensive Fruit Quality in Response to Deficit Irrigation at Different Growth Stages

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1409-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Jiang ◽  
Yueling Zhao ◽  
Ling Tong ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Sheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Quality Indexes ◽  
Different Growth Stages

To investigate the quantitative response of tomato yield and fruit quality to deficit irrigation applied at different growth stages, greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018. Three irrigation treatments (full irrigation and two-thirds or one-third of full irrigation) were applied to greenhouse-grown tomato plants at flowering and fruit development (stage 2) and at fruit maturation stage (stage 3). Grey relational analysis (GRA), the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to calculate the comprehensive fruit quality indexes, and combinatorial evaluation method was determined. The results showed that deficit irrigation significantly reduced evapotranspiration (ET) and tomato yield and that relative yield had a negative linear correlation with relative seasonal water deficit (1−ETi/ETc). However, deficit irrigation improved fruit quality, especially at stage 2. Total soluble solids, the total soluble sugar concentration, the sugar-to-acid ratio, and vitamin C in the tomatoes all increased significantly in plants that were deficit irrigated compared with fully irrigated plants, while organic acids and lycopene decreased in both years. There were linear correlations between fruit quality parameters and 1−ETi/ETc. The comprehensive quality index derived from GRA and PCA is reliable, and the comprehensive quality indexes given by GRA, PCA, and a combination of GRA and PCA showed positive linear correlation with 1−ETi/ETc. The comprehensive quality ranking showed that in both years, F2/3M1 (two-thirds full irrigation at stage 2) gave a better result and CK (full irrigation) the worst. An appropriate water deficit at the flowering and fruit development stage, which results in a trade-off between acceptable yield and improved fruit quality, is recommended. Our results provide a sound basis for tomato production that has a desirable balance between high yield and high fruit quality.

Quantitative response of greenhouse tomato yield and quality to water deficit at different growth stages

2013 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Chen ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Taisheng Du ◽  
Rangjian Qiu ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Quantitative Response

Modeling relations of tomato yield and fruit quality with water deficit at different growth stages under greenhouse condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinliang Chen ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Taisheng Du ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Rangjian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Response at different growth stages of soybean to deficit irrigation condition

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakil Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Masateru Senge ◽  
Kengo Ito
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Different Growth Stages

An attempt was made to assess the effect of deficit irrigation on yield components at individual growth stages of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. The deficit irrigation treatments were 0 - 25, 25 - 50, 50 - 75 and 75 - 100% of total available water (TAW). Evapotranspiration was dominated in order by: Flowering > pod formation > development > maturity stage. Water stress coefficient (Ks) or ETa/ETm at Flowering and Pod formation stages were too strong to be tolerated due to the effect of high evapotranspiraton rates. Both water use efficiency (WUE) and yield efficiency (YE) was also very sensitive under water stress conditions at flowering and pod formation stages. Available water deficit level lower than 50 - 75 % (D3) throughout the different growth stages of soybean was good enough for calculating the yield response factor (Ky = 0.87), and both WUE and YE was higher at 50 - 75 % of TAW (D3) than the full irrigation (D1). It may be concluded that deficit irrigation was effective (Ky < 1) for economy of water usage under water deficit lower than 50 - 75 % of TAW (D3). It reveals from the results that to get a good yield of soybean under limited supply of irrigation water it is better to avoid moisture stress at the reproductive stage (flowering and pod formation) of the crop.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(2): 165-174, December-2014

Sugarcane response to different soil water replenishment‐based deficit irrigation treatments during different growth stages in an Indian semi‐arid region*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Krishanrao Dingre ◽  
Sunil Digambar Gorantiwar ◽  
Dilip Dyandeo Pawar ◽  
Sudhir Dattatraya Dahiwalkar ◽  
Charudatta Nimbalkar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Maize Growth, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency under Alternate Partial Root-Zone Irrigation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Minghui Cheng ◽  
Haidong Wang ◽  
Junliang Fan ◽  
Fucang Zhang ◽  
Xiukang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Different Growth Stages

To investigate the effects of alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) and water deficit at different growth stages on maize growth, physiological characteristics, the grain yield, and the water use efficiency (WUE), a pot experiment was conducted under a mobile automatic rain shelter. There were two irrigation methods, i.e., conventional irrigation (CI) and APRI; two irrigation levels, i.e., mild deficit irrigation (W1, 55%~70% FC, where FC is the field capacity) and serious deficit irrigation (W2, 40%~55% FC); and two deficit stages, i.e., the seedling (S) and milking stage (M). Sufficient irrigation (W0: 70%~85% FC) was applied throughout the growing season of maize as the control treatment (CK). The results indicated that APRI and CI decreased the total water consumption (ET) by 34.7% and 23.8% compared to CK, respectively. In comparison to CK, APRI and CI increased the yield-based water use efficiency (WUEY) by 41% and 7.7%, respectively. APRI increased the irrigation water efficiency (IWUE) and biomass-based water use efficiency (WUEB) by 8.8% and 25.5% compared to CK, respectively. Additionally, ASW1 had a similar grain yield to CK and the largest harvest index (HI). However, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were significantly reduced by 13.7% and 23.1% under CI, and by 11.3% and 20.3% under APRI, compared to CK, respectively. Deficit irrigation at the milking stage produced a longer tip length, resulting in a lower grain yield. Based on the entropy weight method and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, multi-objective optimization was obtained when mild deficit irrigation (55%~70% FC) occurred at the seedling stage under APRI.

scholarly journals Water-Yield Relationships in Deficit Irrigated Onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Serhat Ayas
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

This trial was realized in the greenhouses of Uludağ University Yenişehir Vocational School between 2009 and 2010 to investigate effects of water deficit on yield and quality parameters of onion during four crop growth stages. In this trial, fourteen irrigation treatments in four growth periods (establishment, vegetative, yield formation and ripening) of onion (Allium cepa L E.T Grano.502) were constituted and the yield and quality parameters found from these treatments were evaluated. The layout of the experiment was a completely randomized block design with three replications for each of the fourteen irrigation treatments tested. According to the content of the treatments, the irrigation amount water applied to the plants varied between 0 and 436 mm in the first year, and between 0 and 448 mm in the second year. Water consumption of onion in the first year ranged between 205 and 496 mm and in the second year ranged between 210 and 502 mm. Yield, bulb weight, diameter, height and dry matter ratio were determined statistically significant. In 2009 and 2010 years, the maximum yield were found as 52.2 t ha-1 and 52.4 t ha-1 in E100V100Y100R100 treatments, while the minimum yield were found as 0.8 t ha-1 and 0.5 t ha-1 in the E0V0Y0R0 treatments, respectively. Water- yield relationship factors (ky) in 2009 and 2010 years were found as 1.03 and 1.04, respectively. The maximum WUE and IWUE values were obtained from establishment and ripening periods. Establishment and ripening periods may be suggested as the maximum efficient irrigation periods for the onion applied with drip irrigation under unheated greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Deficit Irrigation on Shallow Saline Groundwater Contribution and Sunflower Productivity in the Imperial Valley, California

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Mohamed Galal Eltarabily ◽  
John M. Burke ◽  
Khaled M. Bali
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Imperial Valley ◽  
Saline Groundwater ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Groundwater Contribution

Yield and production functions of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were evaluated under full and deficit irrigation practices with the presence of shallow saline groundwater in a semi-arid region in the Imperial Valley of southern California, USA. A growing degree day (GDD) model was utilized to estimate the various growth stages and schedule irrigation events throughout the growing season. The crop was germinated and established using overhead irrigation prior to the use of a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system for the remainder of the growing season. Four irrigation treatments were implemented: full irrigation (100% full sunflower crop evapotranspiration, ETC), two reduced irrigation scenarios (95% ETC and 80% ETC), and a deficit irrigation scenario (65% ETC). The salinity of the irrigation water (EC) (Colorado River water) was nearly constant at 1.13 dS·m−1 during the growing season. The depth to groundwater and groundwater salinity (ECGW) were continuously monitored in five 3 m deep observation wells. Depth to groundwater fluctuated slightly under the full and reduced irrigation treatments, but drastically increased under deficit irrigation, particularly toward the end of the growing season. Estimates of ECGW ranged from 7.34 to 12.62 dS·m−1. The distribution of soil electrical conductivity (ECS) and soil matric potential were monitored within the active root zone (120 cm) at selected locations in each of the four treatments. By the end of the experiment, soil salinity (ECS) across soil depths ranged from 1.80 to 6.18 dS·m−1. The estimated groundwater contribution to crop evapotranspiration was 9.03 cm or approximately 16.3% of the ETC of the fully irrigated crop. The relative yields were 91.8%, 82.4%, and 83.5% for the reduced (95% and 80% ETC) and deficit (65% ETC) treatments, respectively, while the production function using applied irrigation water (IW) was: yield = 0.0188 × (IW)2 − 15.504 × IW + 4856.8. Yield reduction in response to water stress was attributed to a significant reduction in both seed weight and the number of seed produced resulting in overall average yields of 2048.9, 1879.9, 1688.1, and 1710.3 kg·ha−1 for the full, both reduced, and deficit treatments, respectively. The yield response factor, ky, was 0.63 with R2 = 0.745 and the irrigation water use efficiencies (IWUE) were 3.70, 3.57, 3.81, and 4.75 kg·ha−1·mm−1 for the full, reduced, and deficit treatments, respectively. Our results indicate that sunflowers can sustain the implemented 35% deficit irrigation with root water uptake from shallow groundwater in arid regions with a less than 20% reduction in yield.

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