Rapid Field Assay for Pineapple Fruit Acidity

The sugar-to-acid ratio of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) contributes toward giving the fruit its unique flavor. This ratio is an important indicator of both commercial and organoleptic ripeness, and it is useful in determining a harvest date. Citric acid is the major acid in pineapple and usually is determined by titration to a specific pH endpoint, while sugars are determined as total soluble solids by refractometry. Both acid and sugar levels vary with the season in the year-round production cycle. Acid titration is slow and difficult to perform in the field. A digital acidity meter based upon diluted juice conductivity was evaluated for potential field use. The readings obtained from the meter varied with clone and fruit potassium concentration. The meter had utility for field use to evaluate fruit quality and harvest date. Because fruit potassium levels can vary between harvests, the meter should be recalibrated on a regular schedule to adjust for potential crop management and seasonal effects.

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Organo-Mineral Fertilization Enhances the Acceptability of Smooth Cayenne Pineapple Fruit (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill) for European Export and Domestic Consumption in Benin

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9030065 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Elvire Sossa ◽

Codjo Agbangba ◽

Gustave Dagbenonbakin ◽

Roméo Tohoun ◽

Pierre Tovihoudji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Domestic Consumption ◽

Pineapple Fruit ◽

European Standards ◽

European Export

Heterogeneity in pineapple fruit quality explains the low export volume of fruits from Benin to the international market. This work aims to investigate influences of organo-mineral fertilizer on a) pineapple fruit yield, b) fruit quality and the proportion of fruits meeting European export standards, and c) fresh fruit acceptability for domestic consumption. The experimental design is a split-plot with three replications where the main factor is organic manure (poultry litter) (P0 = 0 t ha−1, P1 = 5 t ha−1, P2 = 10 t ha−1) and the sub-plot factor, N-P-K fertilization in kg ha−1 (T0:100-30-150, T1: 200-60-300, T2: 400-120-600, and T3: 600-180-900). To evaluate the percentage of fruit meeting European standards, a generalized linear model with binomial error structures was used. A sensorial test was carried out on fresh pulp to assess the preference of fruit meeting domestic criterion. A preference mapping was assessed through an acceptability test with a nine-point hedonic scale. Organo-mineral fertilizer significantly improved fruit weight (p = 0.012), fresh juice weight (p = 0.042), total soluble solids (p = 0.032), and the percentage of fruits meeting European standards (p < 0.001). Better fruits meeting export standards were found with treatments P1T1, P2T0, and P2T3 (83.33 ± 28.87%). Fruits from treatments P0T2, P2T1, P1T3, and P2T2 were highly accepted for domestic consumption (70%). The results suggested that organo-fertilizer producing fruit achieving exportation standards may differ from those satisfying domestic preferences. Moreover, the findings suggested that the ratio crown length: fruit length, which is a key ratio for exportation standards, is not related to physico-chemical quality. Finally, the findings have implications for the sustainability of pineapple production for domestic and exportation purposes.

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Manipulating fruit chloroplasts as a strategy to improve fruit quality

10.32747/2013.7598148.bard ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Alan B. Bennett ◽

Arthur A. Schaffer ◽

Ilan Levin ◽

Marina Petreikov ◽

Adi Doron-Faigenboim

Keyword(s):

Chloroplast Development ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Ripe Fruit ◽

Green Fruit ◽

Functional Alleles ◽

Sugar Levels

The Original Objectives were modified and two were eliminated to reflect the experimental results: Objective 1 - Identify additional genetic variability in SlGLK2 and IPin wild, traditional and heirloom tomato varieties Objective 2 - Determine carbon balance and horticultural characteristics of isogenic lines expressing functional and non-functional alleles of GLKsand IP Background: The goal of the research was to understand the unique aspects of chloroplasts and photosynthesis in green fruit and the consequences of increasing the chloroplast capacity of green fruit for ripe fruit sugars, yield, flavor and nutrient qualities. By focusing on the regulation of chloroplast formation and development solely in fruit, our integrated knowledge of photosynthetic structures/organs could be broadened and the results of the work could impact the design of manipulations to optimize quality outputs for the agricultural fruit with enhanced sugars, nutrients and flavors. The project was based on the hypothesis that photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic plastid metabolism in green tomato fruit is controlled at a basal level by light for minimal energy requirements but fruit-specific genes regulate further development of robust chloroplasts in this organ. Our BARD project goals were to characterize and quantitate the photosynthesis and chloroplast derived products impacted by expression of a tomato Golden 2- like 2 transcription factor (US activities) in a diverse set of 31 heirloom tomato lines and examine the role of another potential regulator, the product of the Intense Pigment gene (IP activities). Using tomato Golden 2-like 2 and Intense Pigment, which was an undefined locus that leads to enhanced chloroplast development in green fruit, we sought to determine the benefits and costs of extensive chloroplast development in fruit prior to ripening. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter, coding and intronicSlGLK2 sequences of 20 heirloom tomato lines were identified and three SlGLK2 promoter lineages were identified; two lineages also had striped fruit variants. Lines with striped fruit but no shoulders were not identified. Green fruit chlorophyll and ripe fruit soluble sugar levels were measured in 31 heirloom varieties and fruit size correlates with ripe fruit sugars but dark shoulders does not. A combination of fine mapping, recombinant generation, RNAseq expression and SNP calling all indicated that the proposed localization of a single locus IP on chr 10 was incorrect. Rather, the IP line harbored 11 separate introgressions from the S. chmielewskiparent, scattered throughout the genome. These introgressions harbored ~3% of the wild species genome and no recombinant consistently recovered the IP parental phenotype. The 11 introgressions were dissected into small combinations in segregating recombinant populations. Based on these analyses two QTL for Brix content were identified, accounting for the effect of increased Brix in the IP line. Scientific and agricultural implications: SlGLK2 sequence variation in heirloom tomato varieties has been identified and can be used to breed for differences in SlGLK2 expression and possibly in the green striped fruit phenotype. Two QTL for Brix content have been identified in the S. chmielewskiparental line and these can be used for increasing soluble solids contents in breeding programs.

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Evaluation of nutritional quality and total polyphenols content from pineapple (Smooth Cayenne) as function of post-harvest storage temperature.

Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Alimentos ◽

10.14685/rebrapa.v2i2.61 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Evelyn Ivana Trindade Damasceno ◽

Lorena Pedreiro Maciel ◽

Anne Suelen Oliveira Pinto ◽

Thais Cristina M. Franco ◽

Camila Travassos da Rosa Moreira Bastos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Color Variation ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Peroxidase Enzyme ◽

Pineapple Fruit ◽

Lower Effect ◽

Physical And Chemical

The pineapple (Smooth Cayenne) is a fruit consumed worldwide. The use of temperature is one of the most effective treatments for the extension of its consumption, but at low temperatures it may develop physiological disorders, which can affect its quality. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of pineapple fruit when stored at room temperature (30 ºC) and under refrigeration at 7 ° C. The quality indexes evaluated in this study were pH, acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, citric acid, color, peroxidase enzyme activity and total polyphenols. The results showed lower loss of vitamin C, lower pH values and soluble solids, lower color variation considering the chromaticity coordinates a * and b * indicated that the cooling temperature has lower effect on the physical and chemical composition of the fruit. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v2i2.61

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The water footprint of the sugarcane agro-industry in the Northeast region of Brazil

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.07.p1832 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1203-1210

Author(s):

Gabrielle de Araújo Ribeiro ◽

José Dantas Neto ◽

Marcos Ferreira de Mendonça

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Water Footprint ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Northeast Region ◽

Production Processes ◽

Production Period

The water footprint (WF) is an important indicator for water management, as it identifies the amount of water used directly and indirectly by a consumer or a product. The objective of this study is to analyze the sugarcane industry's WF in Brazil's Northeast region for the 2016/17 and 2017/18 harvest seasons. The blue, green and grey WFs of sugarcane were quantified, as well as the blue WFs of the production processes of ethanol and sugar, the main subproducts of sugarcane for both harvests. The work was carried out in an area with 18.42 hectares of sugarcane crops under sprinkler irrigation. The process of sugarcane production and use of pesticides was surveyed and meteorological data for the production period was collected. Right after, mathematical models were used to estimate the blue, green and grey WFs. The WF of the sugarcane was found to be 2,364.87 m³ t-1 and 1,043.92 m³ t-1 for the first and second harvest, respectively. The grey WF made up the largest part of this value, mostly due to use of the pesticides Diuron 800 and Imazapic. The processes of ethanol and sugar production, meanwhile, were found to have a blue WF of approximately 10 m³ t-1 and 5 m³ t-1, respectively. From these results, we can conclude that the WF is an effective indicator for monitoring water use in the production cycle of sugarcane and its subproducts, and that the use of fewer polluting pesticides would aid in reducing the WF of this cycle.

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THERMAL REQUIREMENTS OF CITRUS FRUITS GRAFTED ONTO ROOTSTOCKS IN THE LOW-MIDDLE REGION OF THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER BASIN

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n209rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 336-343

Author(s):

FÁDIA SAMARA SANTOS NASCIMENTO ◽

VALTEMIR GONÇALVES RIBEIRO ◽

DÉBORA COSTA BASTOS ◽

JUCIENY FERREIRA DE SÁ ◽

PEDRO HENRIQUE DIAS NASCIMENTO

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Middle Region ◽

Degree Days ◽

Sao Francisco River ◽

São Francisco River ◽

D 12 ◽

Accumulated Degree Days

ABSTRACT To understand the production cycle of a particular cultivar in a given region, it is necessary to obtain information related to its phenology and the accumulated degree days. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenological cycle of citrus species grafted onto two rootstocks and grown in the Low-Middle Region of the São Francisco River Basin, in particular with respect to accumulated degree days. The experiment was conducted using ‘Rubi’ and ‘Pera D-12’ oranges and ‘Page’ mandarins. Two rootstocks were used, namely ‘Cravo’ and ‘Volkameriano’ lemon species that were drip irrigated in the Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, an experimental field owned by Embrapa Semiárido. ‘Page’ mandarins with ‘Cravo’ or ‘Volkameriano’ rootstocks exhibited a subperiod (0-10) of 183.32 and 181.24 days, respectively. Meanwhile, ‘Pera D-12’ and ‘Rubi’ oranges with ‘Cravo’ rootstocks had values of 249.57 and 178.58 days, respectively, while those with ‘Volkameriano’ rootstocks had values of 226.35 and 200.41 days, respectively. The accumulated degree days were measured from the initial sprouting to harvesting, which took place when the fruits presented a soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio equal to or greater than 12. ‘Page’ mandarins required 2,720 degree days, whereas ‘Pera D-12’ and ‘Rubi’ oranges required approximately 3,390 and 2,280 degree days, respectively. Finally, ‘Pera D-12’ and ‘Rubi’ oranges with either rootstock presented cycles characterized as mid-season and precocious, respectively, while ‘Page’ mandarins had precocious cycles.

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PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) DAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SELAI

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) ◽

10.24843/itepa.2018.v07.i01.p06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Tito Azhari Saputro ◽

I Dewa Gede Mayun Permana ◽

Ni Luh Ari Yusasrini

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Test Results ◽

Total Calcium ◽

Good Characteristic ◽

Treatment Comparison ◽

Soluble Solid ◽

Mustard Green

The aim of this research was to know effect the ratio of pineapple and mustard greens to the characteristic of jam, and determine the best ratio made by those, to produce a good characteristic of jam. This research used Complete Random Design with the treatment comparison of pineapple and mustard green comprised of 5 (five) treatments, such as 100% pineapple : 0% mustard greens, 95% pineapple : 5% mustard greens, 90% pineapple : 10% mustard greens, 85% pineapple : 15% mustard greens, 80% pineapple : 20% mustard greens. All of treatments were repeated for 3 times to obtain 15 research units. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if an influences occurred among the treatments, the research would be continued to the Duncan’s test. Results of this research had showed that the comparison ratio of pineapple and mustard greens gave influences to the water content, total sugar, total calcium, total soluble solid, viscosity, pH balance, texture, color, flavour, taste and overall acceptance of a jam. The best ratio of pineapple and mustard greens showed of percentage 90% pineapple : 10% mustard greens with characteristics : 25,58% water content, 57,45% total sugar, 6.176 mg/100g calcium, 59,15%brix total soluble solids, viscosity 64580 cps, 4,65 pH, texture (very like), color (like), flavor (like), taste (very like) and overall acceptance (very like).

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Harvest date affects colour and soluble solids concentrations (SSC) of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) fruits from natural woodlands

Agroforestry Systems ◽

10.1007/s10457-006-9028-3 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 167-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. Kadzere ◽

C. B. Watkins ◽

I. A. Merwin ◽

F. K. Akinnifesi ◽

J. D. K. Saka

Keyword(s):

Harvest Date ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Uapaca Kirkiana

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Aloe vera Bio-Extract Coating Results Better Shelf Life and Fruit Quality Attributes in Pomegranate

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v35i330183 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Suchismita Jena ◽

Ramesh K. Goyal ◽

Anil K. Godhara ◽

Abhilash Mishra

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Storage Period ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Juice Content

Aims: To evaluate the potentiality of bio-extract coatings for achieving extended shelf life with enhance fruit quality attributes in pomegranate under ambient storage condition. Study Design: The lab experiment conducted in complete randomized design with three repetitions on Mridula cultivar of pomegranate. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted during September 2016 at department of fruit science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India. Methodology: Pomegranate freshly harvested fruits were coated with three bio-extracts coatings viz. Aloe vera (50,75 and 100%), ginger (1,2 and 3%) and mints (10,20 and 30%). The coated fruits were stored at ambient room condition in corrugated fiber board boxes for twelve days. Periodically effects of bio-extract coatings, storage period and their interaction were observed for physiological loss in weight, decay loss, juice content, TSS: acid ratio, ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content. Results: Surface coating with Aloe vera extract 100% was found most effective in reducing physiological loss in weight (50% less reduction as compared to untreated control) whereas ginger extract 3% in reducing the decay loss of fruits (9.65%) as compared to untreated control (23.36%). Among various treatments, the coating of pomegranate fruits with Aloe vera extract 100% resulted in lowest total soluble solids to acid ratio (32.17%) and significantly highest content of juice (47.17%), anthocyanin (13.98 mg/100 g) and ascorbic acid (12.82 mg/100 g) of the fruits along with highest organoleptic rating. The quality attributes viz. total soluble solids to acid ratio, anthocyanin of fruits increased with progression of storage period, while juice content and ascorbic acid decreased. Conclusion: Bio-extract coating of Aloe vera (100%) substantially improved the shelf life with retaining better fruit quality attributes under ambient conditions and has the potential to substitute the prevalent chemical coatings for pomegranate.

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