scholarly journals Yield Responses and Nutrient Uptake of Broccoli as Affected by Lime Type and Fertilizer

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.T. Demchak ◽  
C.B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Dolomitic Lime ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Leaf N

In a 3-year study with broccoli [Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (L.) Mill. cv. Green Comet], NP or NPK fertilizer at rates of 56N-56P-0K, 56N-56P-56K, and 56N-112P-56K (kg·ha-1) were banded in plots to which three types of lime had been applied—calcitic, calcitic with 3% Mg, or dolomitic. Fertilizer and lime controls were included. Previous liming had raised the soil pH from 5.3 to 7.2-7.4. Effects of lime on yields were greatest when no fertilizer was applied. Dolomitic lime was the most effective, increasing total yield by 49%, terminal weight by 54%, and hastening maturity. Fertilizer effects were most evident when no lime had been applied, with all fertilizer treatments increasing total yield, terminal and plant weight, and hastening maturity. Most changes occurred in the 56N-56P-OK treatment. Effects of lime when fertilizer was applied and effects of fertilizer when lime had been applied were less consistent. Lime alone, especially types containing Mg, increased leaf P, which generally followed the-same trend as total yield. Calcitic lime increased leaf Ca and dolomitic lime increased leaf Mg over other lime treatments. Calcitic lime with 3% Mg increased leaf Ca, but not leaf Mg, compared to the check. All lime treatments decreased leaf Mu, B, and Zn. Fertilizer treatments usually increased leaf N and Mn. Phosphorus uptake was increased by either lime or fertilizer application. Regression analysis strongly suggested that P was the element most responsible for yield increases.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Produktivitas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril)

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Hapsoh , ◽  
Wardati , ◽  
Dan Hairunisa
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Leaf N

The productivity of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in Indonesia is still low, and therefore it is necessary to increase productivity through management of soil fertility such as fertilizer application. This study aimed to determine the effect of single compost, NPK, and their interactions on soybean productivity. The study was conducted in the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau from May to September 2017. The experiment used a factorial design arranged in a randomized block design. The first factor consisted of: without compost, oil palm empty fruit bunch compost (TKKS) and rice straw compost. The second factor consisted of: without NPK fertilizer, NPK dose 125 kg ha-1 and NPK dose 250 kg ha-1. Data analyzed statistically and further evaluation using Duncan’s multiple range test. The single treatment of compost increased the nutrient content of leaf N 3.1%, leaf K 24%, percentage of filled pods 3.45%, number of seeds each plant 14%, seed weight each plant 15% and weight of 100 seeds 3.20%. The single treatment of NPK fertilizer also increased leaf N by 4.67%, leaf P by 9% and leaf K by 4%, number of filled pods as 27%, percentage of filed pods with 5%, number of seeds each plant 29%, seed weight each plant 27%, production each m2 by 26% and weight 100 seeds by 7%. Interactions between treatments increased the levels of N, P, and K and percentage of filled pods. This research provides information for farmers to utilize compost in order to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers.Keywords: filled pods, nutrient leaf content, leaf N level, leaf P level, seed weight

THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND MOISTURE USE OF WHEAT ON TWO SOILS IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Warder ◽  
J. J. Lehane ◽  
W. C. Hinman ◽  
W. J. Staple
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Np Fertilizer

The use of NP fertilizer gave consistent increases in yields of wheat on a loam and a clay soil with low NaHCO3 soluble phosphorus contents. The fertilizer increased crop growth during the early part of the growing season hastened maturity, and increased the amount of stooling and the number of mature heads at harvest time.Fertilized crops on both soils used more moisture than unfertilized crops between seedtime and the heading stage. For the season as a whole, no difference in total moisture use was recorded on loam soils between fertilized and check crops but on clay soil some fertilized crops extracted more subsoil moisture than the unfertilized crops.Under the climatic conditions of these experiments yield responses obtained from fertilizer application did not appear to be directly related to the amount of available moisture at seedtime or to the seasonal precipitation. When increased yields were obtained from the use of fertilizer the fertilized crops used moisture more efficiently.The NP fertilization had little or no effect on the phosphorus content of the grain but did increase the total phosphorus uptake by the crops. The fertilizer treatment increased the protein content of wheat grown on stubble on both the loam and the clay soils and on two of the four crops grown on fallow on the loam soil.

scholarly journals 262 FERTIGATION VERSUS DRY APPLICATION OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER IN IRRIGATED `GALA' AND `FUJI' APPLES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 467c-467
Author(s):  
Frank J. Peryea
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Leaf N

Differential fertilizer application method (single dry, split dry, fertigated liquid), irrigation method (drip, microjet), and nutrient source (N vs. N+P in year 2+) were established in Spring 1992 in a newly planted Gala and Fuji apple orchard. In Spring 1993, the drip-fertigated Gala trees had 3 times and the drip-fertigated Fuji trees had 8 times more flower clusters per tree than the other treatments Fruiting was not allowed in 1993. Trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) in Fall 1992 was not influenced by treatments. By Fall 1993, TCSA was still independent of treatment for the Fuji trees; however, the Gala trees fell into two size groups - (larger) microsprinkler-fertigated and split dry broadcast; and (smaller) drip fertigated and single-time spring dry broadcast. TCSA had increased 284% (Fuji) and 265% (Gala) since planting. None of the treatment effects were substantially influenced by fertigating with N+P vs N only. Leaf concentrations of most nutrients were consistently lower in 1993 than in 1992. Leaf Fe was higher in 1993 because the orchard was dustier. Leaf N was lower in the microsprinkler-fertigated trees than in all other treatments. Fertigation with N+P did not consistently produce higher leaf P than the N-only treatments. Leaf Mn varied with treatment: microsprinkler fertigated < drip fertigated, single dry < split dry. Treatment effects on all other elements were inconsistent (K, Ca, Mg, B, Cu) or absent (Zn, Fe).

scholarly journals Yield performance and leaf nutrient levels of coffee cultivars under different plant densities

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison Martins Paulo ◽  
Enes Furlani Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dwarf Cultivar ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Leaf N

Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) plantations using adapted cultivars to regional environmental conditions with optimal plant population density and adequate nutrition are expected to show high yield responses. The triennial production and leaf macronutrient concentrations of four coffee cultivars were studied under different plant population densities. Catuaí Amarelo (IAC 47), Obatã (IAC 1669-20), Acaiá (IAC 474-19) and Icatu Amarelo (IAC 2944) were planted in densities of 2,500; 5,000; 7,519; and 10,000 plants ha-1 with one plant per hole and two plants per hole in the 2,500 plant ha-1. Plants were homogeneously fertilized without liming. As the population density increased the triennial coffee productivity increased, the yield per plant decreased, and leaf concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulfur (S) increased. Coffee plants under dense systems presented equal or higher leaf macronutrient concentrations compared to the plants under conventional population. Taller cultivars presented the highest nutrient concentration values, and Obatã, a dwarf cultivar, the lowest values. Higher coffee yields and lower leaf P, Ca and S concentrations were observed in plots with one plant compared to the plots with two plants. In general, the coffee cultivars had leaf N and S concentrations above the reference limits reported in the literature, but leaf concentrations of other macronutrients were within adequate ranges.

scholarly journals Determining Optimum Calcium and Magnesium Sources and Rates for Home Gardeners Growing Vegetables in Potting Media Using Alkaline Irrigation Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Sarah B. Everhart ◽  
Kathryn K. Fontenot ◽  
Edward W. Bush ◽  
Charles E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Dolomitic Lime ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Industry Standard

Home gardeners living in areas with alkaline water sources do not have easy or economically affordable means of acidifying irrigation water for vegetable production. One solution for achieving optimal vegetable yields using alkaline irrigation water is to grow the vegetables in a modified medium. To date, no medium on the retail market suits such growing needs. Therefore, medium recipes with varied levels (0, 4, or 8 lb/yard3) and sources of calcium [dolomitic lime, calcium sulfate (CaSO4)] and magnesium [dolomitic lime, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)] were tested using an alkaline irrigation on ‘Oakleaf’ lettuce (Lactuca sativa), ‘Earliana’ and ‘Salad Delight’ cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and ‘Snow Crown’ cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) crops. Additionally, crops were grown in two environments, under a high tunnel and on a nursery yard. High tunnel and nursery yard sites were used to test media performances in the presence of, and eliminating, rainwater to simulate container-grown vegetables growing in both a home garden situation and a commercial greenhouse production situation. The base mix of all media treatments in the study was 80 bark : 20 peat and fertilized with 12 lb/yard3 slow-release fertilizer at a rate of 1.8 lb/yard3 nitrogen (N), 0.5 lb/yard3 phosphorus (P), and 1 lb/yard3 potassium (K). This initial fertilizer application was incorporated to each medium before filling containers. Four treatments were tested against a commercially available medium, industry standard (IS) treatment (a commercially available bagged medium), and a control medium [treatment C (no supplemental calcium or magnesium fertilizer)] by supplementing the base mix with the following fertilizer levels: 4 lb/yard3 each of CaSO4 and MgSO4 (treatment 1); 4 lb/yard3 dolomitic lime (treatment 2); 4 lb/yard3 each of dolomitic lime, CaSO4, and MgSO4 (treatment 3); 8 lb/yard3 dolomitic lime (treatment 4). Media treatments 1 through 4 outperformed the IS and C media treatments in nearly all crops. All crops grown on the nursery yard, and cabbage grown under the high tunnel, had greater yields when grown in medium treatment 3, compared with the IS and C media treatments (P ≤ 0.05). All crops grown in medium treatment 2 on the nursery yard produced greater yields than the IS and C media treatments (P ≤ 0.05).

scholarly journals Biology and bulb production of Eleutherine bulbosa (Iridaceae), a native species from Borneo, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Ni Made Armini Wiendi ◽  
Nessa Maulida ◽  
Krisantini Krisantini
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Secondary Axis ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Wild Harvesting ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Shoot Emergence

Abstract Eleutherine bulbosa is a known ornamental plant of the Iris family, which originated from Central Borneo, Indonesia. The bulbs of E. bulbosa have long been used as a medicinal source by the local people of Borneo. Despite its known medicinal and other values, studies on the morphology and efficiency in bulb production of this species are limited. The aims of our study are to examine the vegetative and reproductive morphology of E. bulbosa, and to determine the effect of various dosages of NPK fertilizer on flowering and bulb production. The plants were grown in pots using potting mix consists of equal volume of burnt rice hulls, cocopeat, and organic manures (1:1:1). Our study showed that E. bulbosa has a cymose rhipidium inflorescence with 25-50 mm long peduncles, have 3-4 umbel on the secondary axis, each consists of 10-12 florets that opens in turn every day. Florets are 20-30 mm long, 20 mm in diameter, 10-15 mm pedicels, and short-lived. The perianth is white, about 25 mm wide with yellow anthers and stigma. Fruits were not formed during the duration of the study. NPK fertilizer application at the lowest dose of 1 g per pot had promoted earlier shoot emergence and vegetative growth, including plant height, leaf number, leaf size, number of tillers, and bulb production compared to control (no fertilizer). Application of fertilizer at 1 and 2 g per plant significantly promoted earlier flowering, whereas application at 3 g per plant delayed and reduced the proportion of flowering plants. The results of this study can aid in taxonomic identification and efficient cultivation of this plant for uses as potted flowering ornamentals or bulb production for different purposes. Higher cultivation and reduced wild harvesting can result in the conservation of this species.

scholarly journals Nutrient element variability of peach trees and tree mortality in relation to cultivars and rootstocks

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Tsipouridis CG ◽  
Simonis AD ◽  
S. Bladenopoulos ◽  
Issakidis AM ◽  
Stylianidis DC
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Peach Orchard ◽  
Leaf N

Leaf samples from 12 peach cultivars (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) (Early Crest, May Crest, Flavor Crest,Sun Crest, Fayette, Katherina, Loadel, Andross, Everts, May Grand, Firebrite and Fairlane) grafted on four peach root-stocks were analyzed for their nutrient content. The analysis of variance for leaf nutrient concentrations indicated very significant effects and interactions among cultivars and rootstocks. The rootstock effect on the absorption of nutrient elements was higher for Ca, K, P, Mg, N, and lower for Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, and B. Generally cultivars grafted on GF 677 had higher N, K, Fe, Cu and lower Zn, Mn, and B, while leaves from cultivars grafted on wild seedlings were found to contain higher Mg and lower P, K, Fe concentrations. Leaf B and Ca were higher for cultivars grafted on Sant Julien GF 655/2, while cultivars on Damas GF 1869 had higher P, Zn, Mn and lower N, B, Ca, Cu concentrations. Leaf N was lower for Fayette on all four rootstocks and significantly different from all other cultivars. Leaf P was lower for Everts and higher for Katherina. Lower concentrations were observed in Early Crest for Fe and Zn, in Andross for Mn, and in Loadel for B, while Flavor Crest had higher concentrations of all these elements. Leaf Zn was the highest for Sun Crest on wild seedling and the lowest for Early Crest on the same rootstock. Similarly leaf N was the highest for Katherina on Damas and the lowest for Fayetteon the same rootstock. Also leaf Mg was the highest for Fayette on Damas and the lowest for Fairlane on Damas. Peach tree mortality was the highest for Damas 1869 and lowest for Sant Julien. Also tree mortality was highest for Early Crest and Sun Crest and lowest for May Grand, Firebrite, and Katherina. The observed trends in the leaf nutrient composition, as regards the cultivars, rootstocks and their interactions, emphasize the importance of these factors on a new peach orchard establishment and macro-microelement fertilization. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

Studies on the cutting management of grass-clover swards. III. The effects of prolonged close and lax cutting on herbage yields and quality

1962 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reid
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rye Grass ◽  
Leaf Formation ◽  
Grass Sward ◽  
Strip Grazing

1. The effects of two heights of cutting—down to either 1 in. or 2–2½ in. from ground level—on herbage yields were studied for five seasons with a perennial rye-grass-white clover mixture and for three seasons with a timothy-white clover mixture. Superimposed on these height-of-cutting treatments were treatments simulating strip grazing with and without a back-fence, and also three fertilizer nitrogen treatments.2. Over the 5-year period the rye-grass mixture consistently gave greater dry-matter and crude-protein yields of herbage when cut to 1 in. than it did when cut to 2–2½ in. from ground level, the mean dry-matter yield difference being 34%. The decline in the total yield per season with increasing age of the grass sward was similar under both heights of cutting.3. The effects of the height-of-cutting treatments on the timothy mixture were similar to those noted on the rye-grass mixture in the first three seasons of the experiment, but in the third year the beneficial effects of close cutting were much reduced. It is suggested that this resulted from the rest period between cuts being insufficient for timothy to recover fully from the close defoliation.4. The effects of the height-of-cutting treatments on the botanical composition of the sward were slight, particularly on plots of the rye-grass mixture.5. Possible factors leading to the observed effects of the height-of-cutting treatments are discussed with reference to the results of other workers and to the results from a preliminary study of the differential effects of the treatments on stem and leaf formation in perennial rye-grass.6. A simulation of strip grazing with and without a back-fence showed that the herbage yields from both seeds mixtures under both height-of-cutting treatments were considerably reduced by the removal of the regrowth which could take place in the absence of a back-fence.7. The effects of delaying the first nitrogenoua fertilizer application of the season noted in an earlier experiment were fully confirmed in this experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of year and fertilizer on water-use efficiency of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in Niger

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. K. SIVAKUMAR ◽  
S. A. SALAAM
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soluble Phosphate ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Responses

A comprehensive study was conducted over a 4-year period (1984–87) to evaluate the water use, growth and yield responses of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) cv. CIVT grown with and without fertilizer (30 kg P2O5 and 45 kg N ha−1) at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, Sadoré, Niger. Our study showed significant year and fertilizer effects on the growth and yield of millet at the study site. Observed year effects were primarily due to the variations in the amount and distribution of rainfall in relation to the potential demand for water. During 1984, 1985 and 1987, total rainfall was below the long term average, while in 1986 it was above average. While the onset of rains (relative to the average date of onset) was early from 1984 to 1986, in 1987 the sowings were delayed by as much as 33 days. Of all the four years, the separation between the treatments in the cumulative evaporation is most evident for 1984, which was a drought year with below-average rainfall in all the months from June to September. Cumulative evaporation patterns in 1985 and 1986 were similar because of regular rains and high average rainfall per rainy day from June to October. In 1987, sowings were delayed until 15 July and only 6·9 mm of rainfall was received per rainy day in July. Hence cumulative evaporation was initially low and showed a significant increase only after two significant rain events in early August. There was a large response to fertilizer in all the years as small additions of fertilizer phosphate increased the soluble phosphate in the soil. Fertilizer application resulted in a small increase in water use (7–14%) in all years except 1987. Increased yield due to the application of fertilizer was accompanied by an increase in the water-use efficiency (WUE) in all the four years with the largest increase in 1985. The beneficial effect of fertilizers could be attributed to the rapid early growth of leaves which can contribute to reduction of soil evaporative losses and increased WUE. Over the four seasons, average increase in the WUE due to the addition of fertilizer was 84%.

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