scholarly journals Effects of Daminozide, Paclobutrazol, and Uniconazole Treatments on `McIntosh' Apples at Harvest and Following Storage

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 750-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
E.C. Lougheed ◽  
C.L. Chu ◽  
R.A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Butanedioic Acid ◽  
Solids Content

Foliar daminozide (DZ) applications to `McIntosh' apple trees (Malus domestics Borkh.) increased fruit color, reduced preharvest drop, resulted in greater firmness at harvest and after air storage, delayed starch hydrolysis, and reduced fruit ethylene production at harvest and after storage. Foliar paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced preharvest drop and flesh firmness loss if applied within 5 weeks after full bloom (WAFB). Later applications had no effect. PBZ did not influence the progress of starch hydrolysis or ethylene production at harvest but reduced poststorage ethylene production in one season. Stem-cavity browning and brown core were increased by PBZ applied at 5 and 9 WAFB in 1987. In 1988, fruit soluble solids content (SSC) was reduced by a double application of PBZ and by uniconazole (UCZ). UCZ had little effect on `McIntosh' fruit other than the reduction in SSC. PBZ applications were less consistent in their effects than DZ. Chemical names used: butanedioic acid mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide); ß-[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl]-α- -(l,l-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol); ß-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (uniconazole).

scholarly journals Daminozide, Root Pruning, Trunk Scoring, and Trunk Ringing Effects on Fruit Ripening and Storage Behavior of `McIntosh' Apple

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
E.C. Lougheed ◽  
R.A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Storage Behavior

A midsummer foliar daminozide (DZ) application (750 mg a.i./liter) to `Macspur McIntosh'/M.7 apple trees (Malus domestics Borkh.) reduced preharvest drop and retarded flesh firmness loss and starch hydrolysis when tested at harvest; DZ also reduced fruit ethylene production at harvest and after 19 weeks of storage at 0.5C. Root pruning at full bloom (May) resulted in increased soluble solids concentration (SSC) and firmer flesh and less starch hydrolysis at harvest, but not consistently each year. Full-bloom root pruning reduced the incidence of stem-cavity browning and brown core, but again not each year. Full-bloom root pruning did not influence ethylene evolution at harvest but did reduce post-storage ethylene evolution in two of three seasons. Full-bloom root pruning generally was less effective than DZ in altering fruit behavior, while root pruning later than full bloom had virtually no effect. Trunk scoring or ringing increased SSC and retarded loss of flesh firmness before harvest and following storage, but had little effect on starch hydrolysis. Scoring or ringing decreased incidence of some disorders and reduced post-storage ethylene evolution, although these treatments had little effect on ethylene production at harvest. Trunk scoring influenced some fruit characteristics more strongly than DZ. Fruit size was not affected by any treatment in any year. Chemical name used: butanedioic acid mono (2,2 -dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide).

scholarly journals Effect of preharvest spraying with thidiazuron on fruit quality and maturity of apples

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Clarice Aparecida Megguer ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Solids Content

Apple trees, cultivars Gala and Fuji, were sprayed at full bloom with thidiazuron (TDZ) at the doses of 0, 5, 10, or 20 g (a.i.) ha-1 and fruit were assessed for quality and maturity. In both cultivars, the increase of TDZ dose had detrimental effects on fruit quality, causing a reduction of fruit red surface and an increase of percentage of fruit that was asymmetrical and with calyx-end rot. TDZ caused an increment of calyx-end aperture that might have increased calyx-end rot. TDZ increased density and the length : diameter (L : D) ratio of the fruit. The number of viable seeds was not affected by TDZ. TDZ resulted in a substantial delay of fruit maturity in 'Gala' but not in 'Fuji'. TDZ also reduced soluble solids content (SSC) in 'Gala' and reduced titratable acidity in both cultivars.

scholarly journals 240 RELATIONSHIP OF GROWING LOCATIONS, HARVEST MATURITY, SUMMER PRUNING, SOIL NITROGEN APPLICATION, AND STORAGE ON FRUIT POSTHARVEST PERFORMANCE IN `HAYWARD' KIWIFRUIT

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 464a-464
Author(s):  
Sanliang Gu ◽  
Carlos H. Crisosto ◽  
R. Scott Johnson ◽  
Robert C. Cochran ◽  
David Garner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Central California ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
Relationship Of

Fruit from 8 `Hayward' kiwifruit vineyards in central California were harvested at 2 week intervals after soluble solids content (SSC) reached 6% and subjected to 4 and 6 months of storage at 0°C in an ethylene free environment. Fruit characteristics at harvest and postharvest performance varied considerably among locations. Fruit stored for 6 months had the same fresh weight, less flesh firmness and higher SSC, than the 4 months storage. Later harvested fruit had greater fruit flesh firmness and higher SSC after storage. SSC after storage was predictable based on ripe soluble solids content (RSSC) at harvest. Summer pruning reduced while soil nitrogen application increased fruit SSC.

scholarly journals Postharvest Quality of Grape Tomatoes Treated with 1-Methylcyclopropene at Advanced Ripeness Stages

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muharrem Ergun ◽  
Steven A. Sargent ◽  
Donald J. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solids Content

Grape tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Santa') harvested at light-red (>90% color) and full-red stages were treated with 1 μL·L–1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 20 °C and stored at 20 °C. After 1 day of storage, fruit harvested at light-red stage treated with 1-MCP had a 56% lower respiration rate than untreated fruit. By day 7, respiration rates of the two treatments had converged at about 2 mL·kg–1·h–1. Ethylene production of light-red stage tomatoes treated with 1-MPC was 24% lower than untreated during storage, with rates converging by day 11. For fruit harvested full-red, 1-MCP had similar effects on respiration and ethylene production, although convergence occurred earlier, by day 5. Subsequent tests were conducted only with fruit harvested at full-red stage, since fruit harvested at the light-red stage had lower soluble solids content (4.3%) than fruit harvested at the full-red stage (5.5%). Several combinations of 1-MCP concentrations and exposure times were applied at 20 °C: 1 μL·L–1 for 24 h, 5 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h, 25 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h, and 50 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h; following the respective pretreatment fruits were stored at 20 °C. 1-MCP pretreatment extended marketable life by 1 d, irrespective of pretreatment regime, where untreated and pretreated fruit remained marketable (<15% of fruit soft, decayed and/or shriveled) for 6 and 7 d, respectively. However, 1-MCP did not affect whole fruit firmness, epidermal color, internal color, soluble solids content (6.5%), total titratable acidity (0.64%), or pH (4.3). In a third test simulating commercial handling procedures, full-red harvested tomatoes were treated with 1 μL·L–1 1-MCP for 24 h at either 13 or 20 °C, stored for 4 d at 13 °C, and then transferred to 20 °C. Under these conditions, marketable life for untreated and 1-MCP-treated tomatoes was 7 and 8 d, respectively.

Improvement of Storability and Shelf-life of ‘Blackamber’ Plums Treated with 1-methylcyclopropene

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Candan ◽  
J. Graell ◽  
C. Crisosto ◽  
C. Larrigaudière
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Solids Content

Rapid softening is one of the most important factors that limits the market life of plums. To avoid this problem, ‘Blackamber’ plums were treated with 0, 150, 300 and 600ppb of 1-methylcyclopropene (1- MCP) and their quality evaluated after 15, 30 and 50 days of storage at 0°C, immediately and after 6 days at 25°C. 1-MCP treatment effectively decreased ethylene production during storage and shelf-life in fruits kept 15 and 30 days at 0°C. In contrast, fruits kept for 50 days at 0°C showed a significant increase in ethylene production during shelf-life. Changes in ethylene production by 1-MCP were associated with a decrease of firmness loss and maintenance of titratable acidity but not with the development of red flesh colour. Soluble solids content of the fruit was not affected by the 1-MCP treatment. In this assay no significant symptoms of chilling injury (CI) or rot were observed. Overall, the results presented in this assay ascertained ethylene on quality changes in ‘Blackamber’ plums. They also showed that 1- MCP could be considered commercially to improve the storage life and resistance to mechanical bruising in ‘Blackamber’ plums without prejudicial effects on quality.

scholarly journals Lovastatin Inhibits α-Farnesene Biosynthesis and Scald Development in `Delicious' and `Granny Smith' Apples and `d'Anjou' Pears

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Ju ◽  
Eric A. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Lovastatin Treatment

Effects of Lovastatin treatment on ethylene production, α-farnesene biosynthesis, and scald development were studied using `Delicious' and `Granny Smith' apples [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] and `d'Anjou' pears (Pyrus communis L.) stored in air at 0 °C. During 6 months storage, Lovastatin did not affect internal ethylene concentration but reduced α-farnesene production in a concentration dependent manner in both apples and pears. Lovastatin reduced scald at 0.63 mmol·L-1 and inhibited scald completely at 1.25 or 2.50 mmol·L-1 in `Delicious' and `Granny Smith' apples. In `d'Anjou' pears, Lovastatin at concentrations from 0.25 to 1.25 mmol·L-1 inhibited scald completely. After 8 months storage, inhibition of scald in both apples and pears by Lovastatin was concentration-dependent but none of the concentrations totally eliminated scald. Compared with 11.8 mmol·L-1 diphenylamine, Lovastatin treatment reduced scald to the same level at 1.25 mmol·L-1 in `d'Anjou' pear and 2.50 mmol·L-1 in `Delicious' and `Granny Smith' apples. Lovastatin did not affect apple or pear fruit color, firmness, soluble solids content, or titratable acidity during storage in either apple or pear compared with the controls. Chemical name used: [1S-[1a (R °), 3α, 7β, 8β (2S °, 4S °), 8αβ]]-1,2,3,7,8,8α-hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-8-[2-(tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-1-naphthaienyl 2-methylbutanoate (Lovastatin).

scholarly journals Storage Responses of `Empire' Apples to Benzyladenine and Other Chemical Thinners

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
E.C. Lougheed
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Flesh Firmness

In three trials over 3 years, foliar BA applications for fruitlet thinning of `Empire' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees produced small and inconsistent effects on flesh firmness at harvest and after air storage. Soluble solids concentrations at harvest and after air storage were consistently increased by BA alone or together with GA4+7 [Promalin (PR)], and were also increased by CB in one trial. Starch hydrolysis was slightly delayed by BA applications in 1990. Ethylene evolution at harvest was increased by NAA in 1988 and slightly increased by PR applied 29 days after full bloom (DAFB) in 1990, while poststorage ethylene evolution was stimulated by BA and PR treatments in 1990 except BA at 29 DAFB. Incidence of poststorage disorders was low and largely uninfluenced by thinning treatments. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purine-6-amine [benzyladenine (BA)]; BA plus gibberellins A4 and A7 (GA 4+7) [Promalin (PR)]; 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 1-naphthalenyl methylcarbamate [carbaryl (CB)].

scholarly journals Effect of Immature Green Tomato Fruit Color on Yellow Shoulder Incidence and Soluble Solids Content of Ripe Fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 444-453
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Mattia ◽  
John W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Immature Fruit ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Dark Green

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) breeders have observed that plants with uniform green-shouldered fruit are less prone to yellow shoulder (YS) than are plants with (dark) green-shouldered tomatoes and thus have selected for tomato cultivars with uniform green-shouldered fruit. However, a recent publication reported that a cultivar with green-shouldered fruit had significantly higher soluble solids content (SSC) than an isogenic cultivar with uniform green-shouldered fruit and postulated that selection of uniform green shoulder has negatively affected tomato flavor and processing quality. Lines with dark green (u+), uniform green (u), uniform gray-green (ug), apple green (uAg), medium green, and pale green (uPg) immature fruit colors were crossed in all combinations to produce F1 plants that were self-pollinated to produce F2 seed. Parents, F1, and F2s were planted in the field in completely randomized block designs over two seasons. Plants were visually phenotyped for immature fruit color, and fruit from each plant were selected to measure shoulder and base color with a colorimeter. Ripening fruit were harvested to measure the incidence of YS, and SSC was measured on ripe fruit from each plant with a refractometer. In the spring season, fruit from F2 plants with green-shouldered fruit had significantly higher YS incidence than all phenotypes with uniform fruit colors. In the fall, phenotypes with medium-green shoulders were also tested, and these had greater YS than all other phenotypes except green shoulder. YS incidence for green shoulder was not significantly greater than that in the other phenotypes. Fla. 7956, the apple green parent, had 0% YS and appeared to be resistant. Higher SSC was observed in the spring season than in the fall season. However, in both seasons, when comparisons were made between phenotypes that segregated in the F2s, the SSC of green-shouldered phenotypes was not significantly higher than that of other phenotypes. Plants with apple green fruit tended to be higher in SSC in the fall, but this may relate to the dark green foliage of apple green plants and not just the fruit color. A hypothesis that stress may relate to reported SSC increases because of u+ is discussed.

scholarly journals Önemli Çilek Genotiplerinin Tat Parametreleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Furkan Cihad Akbaş ◽  
Mehmet Ali Sarıdaş ◽  
Erdal Ağçam ◽  
Gülşah Selcen Keskinaslan ◽  
Rojbin Kamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Strawberry Breeding

Strawberry is an important fruit species whose production is increasing in the world and in our country due to its unique taste and aroma. It is known that the yield, taste and other important quality components of strawberry fruits are affected by the genetic structure as in many fruit species. In this context, a large amount of strawberry varieties have been developed as a result of strawberry breeding studies in the world. Similarly, breeding studies have been carried out at different intensities for many years at Çukurova University. In this study, the genotypes coded ‘33’, ‘36’ and ‘61’, which have become prominent as a result of the strawberry breeding program in our department, and commercial varieties such as ‘Fortuna’, ‘Rubygem’ and ‘Festival’, which are widely cultivated in the Mediterranean region, were compared in term of the properties such as soluble solids content (SSC), pH, fruit acid content and firmness during the extensive harvest period (January-May). As a result of the study, small amount of production was obtained in Mediterranean climatic conditions, and the highest SSC and flesh firmness values were obtained in the varieties and genotypes analysed in January. In terms of genotypes; the ‘36’ coded attracted attention with its relatively low acid content, as well as being higher than others with its SSC values varying between 8.0% and 13.1% throughout the season. Despite the strength of this genotype in terms of taste, it was found to be quite soft compared to commercial varieties (1.10-1.20 lb/inch2) with flesh firmness of 0.63 lb/inch2. It is thought that it is not possible to obtain the best quality variety in all aspects due to physiological and genetic reasons. However, strawberry breeders should aim to develop strawberry varieties that consist the characteristics at the highest levels in line with the fundamental goals they set.

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