scholarly journals Timing of High Temperature Influences Chilling Negation in Dormant Apple Trees

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Young
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Extension Growth ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
The Third ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Chilling Period ◽  
Positive Effect

Budbreak and root and shoot extension growth of apple trees (Malus domestics Borkh. MM.111) were affected by exposure to 500 hours of higher temperatures (15, 20, or 30C) during the first, second, or third 500 hours of a 1500-hour, 5C chilling period. Exposure to 15C during the third 500 hours had a significantly positive effect on budbreak, 20C at this time had no effect, and all other treatments had a negative effect on budbreak and new root and shoot growth.

Experimental Investigation on Related Properties of Asphalt Mastic Containing Recycled Cement Mortar Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 1007-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Qing Zhu ◽  
Shao Peng Wu ◽  
Jin Jun Zhong ◽  
Dong Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Softening Point ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Asphalt Mastic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Frequency Area

Some properties of asphalt mastic containing recycled cement mortar powder (CMP) were investigated in this paper. CMP was used as filler in asphalt mastic. The investigated mastic consisted of asphalt and filler at a mass ratio of 1:1. Penetration, softening point and high-temperature viscosity were tested. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) was used to conduct frequency sweep test of asphalt mastic. The introduction of CMP resulted in reduced penetration, increased softening point, apparent activation energy, complex shear modulus in the low frequency area and high-temperature viscosity. Results indicate that CMP may have some positive effect on high-temperature properties but some negative effect on low-temperature properties of asphalt mastic. It is also believed that the average mixing and compacting temperature of asphalt mixture containing CMP is higher than that containing limestone mineral filler (LMF).

scholarly journals MODEL KEPRIBADIAN CONSCIENTIOUSNESS TERHADAP PERILAKU AKADEMIK KONTRAPRODUKTIF DENGAN PENGENDALIAN DIRI SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainnur M Rusdi
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Academic Behavior ◽  
Academic Behaviors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Counterproductive Behavior ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Mediator Variable ◽  
Positive Effect

Every individual has a different conscientiousness, this causes different reactionsof self-control and ultimately counterproductive academic behaviors that occur arealso different. The research objective to be achieved is to examine the influence ofthe nature of self-control and conscientiousness on academic behavior is counterproductive, and self-control on academic behavior is counterproductive, and examine the role of mediator variable restraint on the effect of precautionary nature of the academic behavior is counterproductive. Based on the research results that the first hypothesis which states the nature conscientiousness have a negative effect on academic counterproductive behavior is not supported. The second hypothesis which states the nature concientiousness have a positive effect on self-control is supported. The third hypothesis which states that self-control negative effect on academic counterproductive behavior is not supported. The fourth hypothesis which states restraint mediating influence of the nature of prudence on academic behavior counterproductive partially supported mediation. Someone who has a personality trait conscientiousness and low self-control tend to behave academic counterproductive.

scholarly journals Managing the Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 10 Mawashi-Geri (Roundhouse Kick) Technique in Kyokushin Karate

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Svitlana Marchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Taranenko
Keyword(s):  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Target Feature ◽  
Mathematical Experiment ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of the study was to substantiate the influence of selected independent variables for building optimal models of teaching a series of tasks aimed at motor skills development in boys aged 10. Materials and methods. The study involved 32 boys aged 10. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To achieve the objective set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of learning tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning. In the process of teaching, a method of algorithmic instructions was used. Results. The effect size of the factor varied from series to series. The calculated Cochran's criterion showed that all the groups of experimental data were obtained from the same population. It was found that the variances do not differ for the selected significance level of 0.05.  Each independent variable (X1, X2, X1X2) plays a role in changing the indicator of proficiency in the Mawashi-geri-jodan (roundhouse kick). The constructed mathematical models adequately describe the obtained data. The calculated regression coefficients are statistically significant (Fр < Fkр), which means that the regression model is effective. Throughout the experiment, the independent variable Х1 “number of sets” had a constant positive effect on the target feature (Y). The percentage contribution in the first series of learning tasks was 59.3%, in the second – 88.6%, in the third – 56%, in the fourth – 93.9%, in the fifth – 81.3%, in the sixth – 69.62%. The independent variable Х2 “rest interval” has a negative effect in the first series – 25.9%, in the second series – 10.6%, in the fifth – 9.9%, in the sixth – 13.1%. A positive effect of the first-order interaction (X1X2) was observed in the third series – 29.1%, the fifth – 8.9%, the sixth – 17.28%.  Conclusions. The optimal combinations of conditions for the series of tasks when teaching boys aged 10 the Mawashi-geri-jodan (roundhouse kick) are the following: series 1 – 3 sets, rest interval 60 s; series 2 – 3 sets, rest interval 60 s; series 3 – 3 sets, rest interval 120 s; series 4 – 3 sets, rest interval 60–120 s; series 5 – 3 sets, rest interval 120 s; series 6 – 3 sets, rest interval 120 s.

Growth and production of leaf litter nitrogen by Alnusincana in response to liming and fertilization on degenerated forest soil

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Huss-Danell
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Litter Nitrogen ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
K Fertilization

Degenerated and nonproductive forest soils having a very low content of nitrogen and organic material can probably be restored by cultivation of nitrogen-fixing plants such as Alnus spp. The effects of liming and N fertilization on enhancement of early growth and biomass production of Alnusincana (L.) Moench were studied in northern Sweden. Survival was over 90% in all treatments. During the 1st year, root growth was more rapid than shoot growth, reflecting acclimation of the nursery grown plants to the field conditions. In the following 5 years, the height increase and the production of leaf litter biomass and leaf litter nitrogen were significantly higher in limed than in unlimed alders. N–P–K fertilization also had a positive effect, while N alone had a negative effect. During the 6th year, limed alders, at a spacing of 1.5 × 1.5 m, produced 440–710 kg leaf litter ha−1 containing 11–17 kg Nha−1. Unlimed alders produced 50–250 kg leaf litter ha−1 containing 1–6 kg Nha−1. Therefore, the simple and inexpensive treatment of liming at planting considerably enhanced the growth and production of leaf litter nitrogen by A. incana at the site.

scholarly journals Increasing Tree Complexity and Bearing Potential in Young `Fuji' Apple Trees

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 506E-507
Author(s):  
Marius Huysamer
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Old Trees

Under typical South African growing conditions, `Fuji' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are characterized by strong apical dominance during the first few years after planting. This, together with the current lack of suitable precocious rootstocks and the tip-bearing habit, causes willowy “blind wood” growth with few flowering positions, and delays bearing until the third leaf when a crop of less than 10 tons/hectare can be realized. Promalin (GA4+7 and benzyladenine, Abbott Laboratories) was used in combination with apical meristem defoliation and Agral or Armoblen as surfactant/penetrant to induce sylleptic shoot growth in an effort to increase tree complexity (i.e., branching) without having to resort to pruning, which is dwarfing and delays bearing. The treatments were tested on `Fuji' grafts, 1-year old trees and 2-year old trees in the 1993–1994, 1994–1995, and 1995–1996 seasons, respectively. Concentrations tested were 0, 500, 750, or 1000 ppm, as single or multiple applications in spring. In all trials, randomized, complete block designs were used. Control trees had few, if any, sylleptic shoots or spurs, whereas Promalin in combination with leaf removal or in combination with Armoblen caused significant sylleptic growth to occur. Generally, multiple applications spaced fortnightly, gave best results. Sylleptic shoots were ≈15 cm long, terminated in a reproductive bud, and did not influence the length of the “mother” shoot or the trunk circumference. Based on these results, a combination of multiple applications of 500 ppm Promalin with Armoblen as penetrant, and no leaf removal, is being tested semi-commercially this season.

Effect of Cement Raw Meal on the NO Reduction by Biomass Char

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 1401-1406
Author(s):  
Nan Li ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Xiao Yu Ma ◽  
Shi Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biomass Char ◽  
Positive Effect

The influence of cement raw meal on the NO reduction by biomass char at a high temperature of 900 °C with four O2 concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5% and 8% was investigated in a laboratory scale fixed bed quartz reactor. The results showed that the cement raw meal had certain positive effect on NO reduction by biomass char which promotes dissociation adsorption of NO with the help of CO consumption and oxygen transferred to carbon surface, however, it also shows some negative effect, and the degree depends on O2 concentration. A long-time and high NO reduction rate was obtained in the case of 1% O2 concentration.

scholarly journals The effect of the intensity and method of pruning on the growth and yield of the apple variety ’Idared’ under conditions of ecological and integrated growing systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dremák ◽  
I. Gonda ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
The Third ◽  
Made In

Summary: On the Experimental Farm of the Debrecen University at Pallag, a factorial experiment has been started at springtime of 2008 on an orchard of 12 year old apple trees ’Idared’ grafts on M 26 understocks. The first factor was the growing system (integrated versus ecological), the second was the intensity of pruning (strong versus moderate thinning of the crown), whereas the third was the method of pruning (shortening versus thinning of individual shoots). Measurements have been concentrated on shoot growth, flower initiation, fruit set and accumulated yield of two successive seasons. The following conclusions are made.– In the ecological growing system, strong thinning proved to be beneficial for growth as well as for fruit bearing. – Strong thinning combined with shortening of shoots diminished yield in the first year, whereasmoderate thinning combined with shortening of shoots caused favourable growth and fruit bearing.– In the ecological growing system, the moderate shoot growth was associated with better flower initiation, which increases the chances of alternate yielding.– According to our results, the flower initiation of the ‘Idared’ was stimulated univocally by the thinning of shoots regardless of the intensity of pruning.The right choice of the intensity and method of pruning is a decisive moment of a successful yield in the ecological apple growing system

scholarly journals The evolution mechanism of the multi-value chain network ecosystem supported by the third-party platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Xumei Zhang ◽  
Jiafeng Yuan ◽  
Bin Dan ◽  
Ronghua Sui ◽  
Wenbo Li
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Evolution Mechanism ◽  
The Third ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Dynamics Method

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This paper aims to study the evolution mechanism of the third-party platform ecosystem. A multi-value chain network ecosystem composed of multiple manufacturers, multiple suppliers, several logistics providers and a third-party platform for manufacturing is considered. The system dynamics method is used to build the model, and this paper collects relevant industry and platform data to simulate the evolution of user scale and participants' revenues. Furthermore, the influence of platform subsidy and matching service level on the evolution is studied. The results show that the platform's evolution can be divided into four stages: emergence, growth, maturity and upgrade. This paper also finds that, at the emergence stage and the growth stage, the augmentation of the subsidies to manufacturers makes the manufacturers' scale expand but let their revenues decline. Meanwhile, the platform's revenues reduce at the emergence stage while increase at the growth stage. When the subsidy amount is high and continues to augment, its positive effect on the user scale is weakened while its negative effect on manufacturers' revenues is enhanced. Besides, improving the matching service level is not conducive to the platform's revenues at the emergence stage, but after entering the growth stage, it can increase user scale and the platform's revenues simultaneously.</p>

scholarly journals Optimization of Teaching Boys Aged 10 Mae-Geri (Front Kick) Technique in Kyokushin Karate

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Marchenko ◽  
Kateryna Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Experiment Planning ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Target Feature ◽  
Mathematical Experiment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mathematical Experiment Planning ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of the study was to substantiate the influence of selected factors on the effectiveness of teaching a series of tasks aimed at motor skills development in boys aged 10. Materials and methods. The study involved 32 boys aged 10. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. To achieve the objective set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of learning tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning. During training, a method of algorithmic instructions was used. Results. Regression dependence is observed throughout the entire period of performing the series of learning tasks. The constructed mathematical models adequately describe the obtained data. The calculated regression coefficients are statistically significant (Fр < Fkр). Throughout the experiment, the factor X1 “number of sets” had a constant positive effect on the target feature (Y). The percentage contribution in the first series of learning tasks was 87.8%, in the second – 32.3%, in the third – 55.1%, in the fourth – 77.2%, in the fifth – 68.9%, in the sixth – 54.03%. The factor X2 “rest interval” had a negative effect starting from the second series – 67.3%, the third – 40.4%, the fourth – 19.3%, the fifth – 30.6%, the sixth – 45.05%. The effect of first-order interaction (X1X2) was not observed during all the series of learning tasks. Conclusions. The optimal modes of performing the series of tasks for teaching boys aged 10 the Mae-geri (front kick) in Kyokushin karate are the following: series 1 – 3 sets, rest interval 60-120 s; series 2 – 1-3 sets, rest interval 60 s; series 3 – 3 sets, rest interval 60 s; series 4 – 3 sets, rest interval 60–120 s; series 5 – 3 sets, rest interval 60 s; series 6 – 3 sets, rest interval 60 s.

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