scholarly journals Using Ethylene as a Sprout Control Agent in Stored `Russet Burbank' Potatoes

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Prange ◽  
Willy Kalt ◽  
Barbara J. Daniels-Lake ◽  
Chiam L. Liew ◽  
Robyne T. Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Ethylene Treatment ◽  
Fry Color ◽  
Commercial Study ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sprout Growth ◽  
Sampling Times

The effect of ethylene on tuber sprout growth and quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. `Russet Burbank') was tested in laboratory and commercial studies for 6 and 3 years, respectively, in comparison with untreated (laboratory study) and CIPC-treated tubers (laboratory and commercial studies). In both studies, ethylene was applied continuously at 166 μmol·m-3 for at least 25 weeks, beginning in early December (laboratory study) or early December to early January (commercial study). In the laboratory study, ethylene delayed the appearance of sprouts for 5 to 15 weeks, compared with untreated tubers. In the ethylene-treated tubers in both studies, sprouts appeared on many eyes but most of them remained very small (<5 mm long). Longer sprouts (>5 mm) appeared after 15 weeks but did not exceed 12 and 59 mm in the laboratory and commercial studies, respectively. Sprouts on ethylene-treated tubers were more easily detached up to 6 weeks after ethylene treatment ended, compared with untreated tubers. In both studies, ethylene treatment was not associated with decay, disorder or internal sprouting problems. In both studies, the Agtron fry color [or U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) color grade] of ethylene-treated tubers was darker than CIPC-treated tubers at almost all sampling times. Continuous exposure to ethylene was an effective sprout control agent but it produced a darker fry color, compared with CIPC-treated potatoes.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Lysiphlebus testaceipes parasitizing Aphis gossypii in watermelon in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2030-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pacelli Medeiros Macedo ◽  
Edmondson Reginaldo Moura Filho ◽  
Adriano Soares Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Souza Bezerra ◽  
Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The State ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Almost All

This is the first report of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) as a biological control agent of the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover in watermelon crop in Vale do Açu, RN. It was observed that near the harvest, almost all collected aphids were mummified, and after analyzing the emerged parasitoids, the parasitoid L. testaceipes was identified. Therefore, in the future, this species may be included in A. gossypii integrated management programs.

scholarly journals Diapause behaviour of Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a biological control agent for Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae), in Bangalore, India

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Jayanth ◽  
Geetha Bali
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Zygogramma Bicolorata ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Over Time

AbstractZygogramma bicolorata Pallister was introduced for biological control trials against the weed Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae) in India. The insect entered diapause over an extended period of time between July and December in Bangalore. Diapausing adults burrowed into the soil, and emerged in May–June with the commencement of monsoon rains. Percentage diapause increased over time, peaking at 72% during November. Non-diapausing adults were capable of breeding, under laboratory conditions, during the winter. Some adults bred both before and after diapause, during two consecutive years. Soil moisture played an important role in providing the conditions for burrowing or emerging from the diapause chambers. The studies also showed that diapausing adults had to be exposed to the high summer temperatures, for termination of the diapause. It was possible to break diapause by continuous exposure to 30°C, 35°C and 40°C for 22 days, nine days and 10 hours, respectively, during February–March, about three months after its inception. This method can be used to initiate mass multiplication for carrying out releases early in the season.

The effects of ozone and 1,8-cineole on sprouting, fry color and sugars of stored Russet Burbank potatoes

1996 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Daniels-Lake ◽  
R. K. Prange ◽  
W. Kalt ◽  
C. L. Liew ◽  
J. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Fry Color

scholarly journals Control system for the haptic paddle used in mobile robotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 172988141773703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Hrbček ◽  
Pavol Božek ◽  
Jozef Svetlík ◽  
Vojtech Šimák ◽  
Marián Hruboš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robotics ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Controlled System ◽  
Haptic Technology ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Wall System ◽  
Sampling Times

A haptic interface is a kinaesthetic link between a human and some real or virtual environment. In this article, we discuss whether the haptic technology (virtually touching objects and feeling forces) could be effectively implemented in the industrial applications. As an example, we will examine the virtual wall which is a fundamental component of almost all virtual objects. Typically, it is based on a simple spring and damper model with constraints that allow the user to make contact with an object. Various factors lead to an unstable behaviour in a controlled system such as the virtual wall. Main causes of disturbances are the sensor (e.g. the signal resolution) and the actuator (e.g. the dynamics of the system which are not covered by the controller design). Some of these disturbance mechanisms can be excluded by mechanical design, and others are more difficult to eliminate – following two are discussed in the article: First one is the zero-order hold effect caused by sampling and the second one is the shifted synchronization of the wall threshold crossings with the sampling times. Both have unwanted effects on the sampled data within the virtual wall system.

scholarly journals 1-Methylcyclopropene Counteracts Fry Color Darkening Attributable to Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene Interaction

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2112-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Daniels-Lake ◽  
Robert K. Prange ◽  
Stephanie D. Bishop ◽  
Kimberly Hiltz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Industry ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Fry Color ◽  
Important Quality

The fry color of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) stored for processing remains an important quality characteristic that can be affected by many factors, including ethylene gas from various sources and the interaction of very low concentrations of ethylene gas (less than 1 μL·L−1) and accumulated CO2. Because previous studies show that pretreatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) can substantially reduce fry color darkening attributable to applied ethylene, we hypothesized that 1-MCP could also reduce fry color darkening attributable to the interaction of ethylene and CO2. Trials were conducted over two storage seasons, using ‘Russet Burbank’ tubers, either untreated or treated with 0.5 μL·L−1 ethylene gas ± 2 kPa CO2 and ± 1-MCP. Tubers exposed to ethylene gas had darker fry color than untreated tubers, whereas the fry color of tubers exposed to ethylene plus CO2 was darker still. However, the fry color of tubers pretreated with 1-MCP was as light as that of the untreated tubers. This provides a potential new tool for the potato industry to manage potato fry color of stored processing potatoes.

scholarly journals Ploidy in Lolium spp. cultivars affects Argentine stem weevil parasitism by Microctonus hyperodae

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tomasetto ◽  
O. Olaniyan ◽  
S.L. Goldson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Listronotus Bonariensis ◽  
Microctonus Hyperodae

A laboratory study was conducted to: (1) advance earlier work to determine the susceptibility of Listronotus bonariensis (Argentine stem weevil) to its parasitoid biological control agent, Microctonus hyperodae, in the presence of diploid ryegrasses such as Lolium multiflorum or Lolium perenne; and (2) determine whether or not plant orientation (i.e. horizontal vs. vertical) had any effect on parasitism rates. No significant differences in parasitism rates were found in the Listronotus bonariensis populations in the two grasses. However, combining and analysing these data with those from an earlier experiment conducted in the same way showed that parasitism rates were significantly lower in diploid Lolium multiflorum cultivars than in tetraploid Lolium multiflorum. This is the first clear evidence of a ploidy effect on parasitism rates in the presence of Lolium multiflorum. Tetraploid Lolium multiflorum has fewer, more robust and larger tillers than the diploid Lolium spp. so higher parasitism rates may be related to the lack of hiding places for an evasive genetically-driven behaviourally-based resistance by Listronotus bonariensis.

Structural plasticity in the rat supraoptic nucleus during gestation, post-partum lactation and suckling-induced pseudogestation and lactation

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Montagnese ◽  
D. A. Poulain ◽  
J.-D. Vincent ◽  
D. T. Theodosis
Keyword(s):  
Supraoptic Nucleus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Presynaptic Terminal ◽  
Gonadal Steroids ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT In the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of parturient and lactating rats, large portions of the surface membranes of almost all oxytocinergic neurones are directly juxtaposed with no glial interposition. A significant number of the same neurones are also contacted by the same presynaptic terminal ('double' synapses). Our present observations have revealed that direct appositions between adjacent neurones in the SON increase quite rapidly during the day before parturition. 'Double' synapses also become visible during late gestation, but they appear more progressively. Earlier studies have shown that 1 month after weaning, as in virgin rats, there are again very few appositions and 'double' synapses in the nucleus. We show here that the SON can remain structurally modified, and to the same degree, beyond normal weaning time so long as lactation is prolonged by renewing suckling litters. However, if the mothers are deprived of their pups immediately after birth, neuronal appositions disappear within 2 days and 'double' synapses by 10 days. In non-pregnant primiparous rats, continuous exposure to suckling litters leads to pseudogestation and eventually lactation (in 16–22 days). Examination of the SON in such animals revealed that the oxytocinergic system is already modified by day 12 of dioestrus; during suckling-induced lactation, the anatomical changes are identical to those seen during a normal post-partum lactation. These observations indicate that neither gestation nor suckling alone are indispensable for the anatomical reorganization of the SON apparent at lactation. However, suckling is important in maintainingthe structural changes during prolonged lactation, and can lead to restructuring of the nucleus by inducing pseudogestation and lactation in non-pregnant animals. Taken together with earlier data, these results suggest that hormonal factors, especially oxytocin and gonadal steroids, may act singly or, more probably, in synergy to produce the structural plasticity of the adult oxytocinergic system. J. Endocr. (1987) 115, 97–105

scholarly journals Dim Light at Night Induced Neurodegeneration and Ameliorative Effect of Curcumin

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2093
Author(s):  
Dhondup Namgyal ◽  
Kumari Chandan ◽  
Armiya Sultan ◽  
Mehreen Aftab ◽  
Sher Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Almost All

It is a well-known fact that following a proper routine light/dark or diurnal rhythm controls almost all biological processes. With the introduction of modern lighting and artificial illumination systems, continuous exposure to light at night may lead to the disruption of diurnal rhythm. However, the effect of light during the night on brain anatomy, physiology, and human body functions is less explored and poorly understood. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of exposure to dim light (5 lux) at night (dLAN) on Swiss Albino mice over a duration of three consecutive weeks. Results have revealed that exposure to dLAN led to an impairment of cognitive and non-cognitive behaviour, oxidative stress–mediated elevation of lipid peroxidation, and reduction of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. It also led to the downregulation of hippocampal proteins (BDNF, Synapsin II and DCX) at both protein and mRNA level. Additionally, there was downregulation of CREB and SIRT1 mRNAs and neurodegeneration-associated miRNA21a-5p and miRNA34a-5p. The pyramidal and cortical neurons started showing pyknotic and chromatolysis characteristics. However, a dose of curcumin administered to the mice positively modulated these parameters in our experimental animals. We proposed the modulatory role of curcumin in addressing the deleterious effects of dLAN.

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