scholarly journals Ratio of Myc and Myb Transcription Factors Regulates Anthocyanin Production in Orchid Flowers

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Ma ◽  
Margaret Pooler ◽  
Robert Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transient Expression ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Green Florescent Protein ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

Many studies have examined anthocyanin gene expression in colorless tissues by introducing anthocyanin regulatory genes of the MYC/R and MYB/C1 families. Expression of the two regulatory genes under the control of a strong promoter generally results in high anthocyanin accumulation. However, such approaches usually have a negative effect on growth and development of the recovered plants. In this study the author used two promoters of different strengths—a weak (Solanum tuberosum L. polyubiquitin Ubi3) and a strong (double 35S) promoter—and generated two sets of expression constructs with the Zea mays L. anthocyanin regulatory genes MycLc and MybC1 . A transient expression system was developed using biolistic bombardment of white Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume flowers, which the authors confirmed to be anthocyanin regulatory gene mutants. Transient expression of different combinations of the four constructs would generate three different MycLc -to-MybC1 ratios (>1, 1, <1). The enhanced green florescent protein gene (EGFP) was cotransformed as an internal control with the two anthocyanin regulatory gene constructs. These results demonstrate that the ratio of the two transcription factors had a significant influence on the amount of anthocyanin produced. Anthocyanin accumulation occurred only when MybC1 was under the control of the 35S promoter, regardless of whether MycLC was driven by the 35S or Ubi3 promoter.

Anthocyanin regulatory gene expression in transgenic white clover can result in an altered pattern of pigmentation

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
John de Majnik ◽  
Jeremy J. Weinman ◽  
Michael A. Djordjevic ◽  
Barry G. Rolfe ◽  
Greg J. Tanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S ◽  
White Clover Plant ◽  
Clover Plant

This study presents the first evidence of heterologous anthocyanin regulatory genes altering anthocyanin expression in stably transformed leguminous plants. Two families of anthocyanin regulatory genes, myc (delila, B-Peru) and myb (myb.Ph2, C1), are involved in the activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. White clover (Trifolium repens cv. Haifa) plants were transformed with dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous myb or myc genes. Some of these transformed plants exhibited enhanced anthocyanin accumulation in a range of tissues. One plant, transformed with the B-Peru gene driven by the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter, displayed a unique pattern of anthocyanin accumulation in the leaf. The accumulation of anthocyanin in this plant was closely associated with the crescent of leaves, which is normally white. The red pigmentation declined in intensity in the oldest leaf stage. The B-Peru message was detected in all leaf stages of this white clover plant. This anthocyanin pattern was shown to be heritable.

scholarly journals The Developmental Expression of the Maize Regulatory Gene Hopi Determines Germination-Dependent Anthocyanin Accumulation

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-336
Author(s):  
Katia Petroni ◽  
Eleonora Cominelli ◽  
Gabriella Consonni ◽  
Giuliana Gusmaroli ◽  
Giuseppe Gavazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Anthocyanin Production ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Abstract The Hopi gene is a member of the maize r1 gene family. By genetic and molecular analyses we report that Hopi consists of a single gene residing on chromosome 10 ~4.5 cM distal to r1. Hopi conditions anthocyanin deposition in aleurone, scutellum, pericarp, root, mesocotyl, leaves, and anthers, thus representing one of the broadest specifications of pigmentation pattern reported to date of all the r1 genes. A unique feature of the Hopi gene is that seeds are completely devoid of pigment at maturity but show a photoinducible germination-dependent anthocyanin accumulation in aleurone and scutellum. Our analysis has shown that the Hopi transcript is not present in scutellum of developing seeds but is induced only upon germination and that the simultaneous presence of both C1 and Hopi mRNAs is necessary to achieve A1 activation in scutella. We conclude that the expression pattern of the Hopi gene accounts for the germination-dependent anthocyanin synthesis in scutella, whereas the developmental competence of germinating seeds to induce anthocyanin production in scutella results from the combination of the light-inducible expression of C1 and the developmentally regulated expression of the Hopi gene.

scholarly journals Sucrose Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation in Torenia by Promoting Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Genes

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Aung Htay Naing ◽  
Junping Xu ◽  
Kyeung Il Park ◽  
Mi Young Chung ◽  
Chang Kil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

We examined the effects of different sucrose concentrations (3%, 5%, and 7%) on anthocyanin accumulation and plant growth in wild type (WT) and transgenic (T2) torenia cultivar “Kauai Rose” overexpressing the anthocyanin regulatory transcription factors B-Peru + mPAP1 or RsMYB1. Sucrose increased anthocyanin production in both WT and transgenic plants, with higher anthocyanin production in transgenic plants compared to WT plants. Higher sucrose concentrations increased production of anthocyanin in transgenic and WT plants, with increased anthocyanin production associated with increased expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes. Higher sucrose concentrations reduced growth of WT and transgenic plants. Our results indicate that sucrose enhances anthocyanin production in torenia by regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis genes.

Transient expression of maize anthocyanin regulatory genes influences anthocyanin production in white clover and peas

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
John de Majnik ◽  
G.J. Tanner ◽  
R.G. Joseph ◽  
P.J. Larkin ◽  
J.J. Weinman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Expression ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Maize Cell ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

Transient expression of the maize anthocyanin regulatory genes, B-Peru and C1, was examined in maize cell suspensions, and in pea and white clover tissues in order to determine if these maize regulators can function in legume tissues. Optimal ratios and amounts of B-Peru and C1 genes for anthocyanin production were determined in maize cell suspensions. Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in legume tissues was observed following expression of the B-Peru and C1 genes, delivered in the pre-determined optimal ratio and amounts by microparticle bombardment. Tissue-specific expression of these genes was observed in the legumes tested and the exact sites of anthocyanin expression in pea depended on the cultivar tested. Maize anthocyanin regulatory genes can activate anthocyanin biosynthesis in legume tissues, but appear to be subject to tissue specific controls. Three of the four varieties of pea tested were able to accumulate anthocyanin when the B-Peru coding region alone was biolistically expressed.

scholarly journals Harnessing a Transient Gene Expression System in Nicotiana benthamiana to Explore Plant Agrochemical Transporters

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Bingqi Wu ◽  
Zhiting Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Xu ◽  
Ronghua Chen ◽  
Siwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transient Expression ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Heterologous Gene Expression ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Transient Gene Expression ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Gene Expression System

Functional characterization of plant agrichemical transporters provided an opportunity to discover molecules that have a high mobility in plants and have the potential to increase the amount of pesticides reaching damage sites. Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in tobacco is simple and fast, and its protein expression efficiency is high; this system is generally used to mediate heterologous gene expression. In this article, transient expression of tobacco nicotine uptake permease (NtNUP1) and rice polyamine uptake transporter 1 (OsPUT1) in Nicotiana benthamiana was performed to investigate whether this system is useful as a platform for studying the interactions between plant transporters and pesticides. The results showed that NtNUP1 increases nicotine uptake in N. benthamiana foliar discs and protoplasts, indicating that this transient gene expression system is feasible for studying gene function. Moreover, yeast expression of OsPUT1 apparently increases methomyl uptake. Overall, this method of constructing a transient gene expression system is useful for improving the efficiency of analyzing the functions of plant heterologous transporter-encoding genes and revealed that this system can be further used to study the functions of transporters and pesticides, especially their interactions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah dan Moralitas Individu pada Kesalahan Akuntansi

2018 ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Gde Dennyningrat ◽  
I D.G. Dharma Suputra
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Accounting Errors

Accounting mistakes are a mistake in financial facts. In order for an agency or company does not occur accounting errors, agencies or companies need to consider the factors that affect accounting errors. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the effect of Government Internal Control System and individual morality on accounting errors. This research was conducted at Local Government of Badung Regency. Population in this research is all financial officer at Badung Regency Government. The number of samples taken as many as 35 employees, with purposive sampling technique. The data were collected by questionnaire method. Data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the Government Internal Control System and individual morality have a negative effect on accounting errors in Badung District Government.

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