scholarly journals A Study on Morphometric Dimensions of Human Fetal Spleen at Different Gestational Ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
D. Srivani ◽  
P. Sofia ◽  
J. Jayachandra Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Hematopoietic Organ ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Intrauterine Infections ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Introduction:The spleen is the largest hemolymphatic organ of the human body that plays a significant role in Hematopoiesis and immune phagocytosis. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of spleen as hematopoietic organ in fetal period, role in synthesis of immunoglobulins & defense of human body against infections. A thorough knowledge of splenic morphometry and dimensions is vital in comprehending the development of spleen in fetal period.Aim:The aim of the study is to study detailed morphometric analysis  human fetal splenic specimens of various gestational ages  and compare the findings with earlier studiesSubjects and Methods:The  present  study  included  40  fetal cadaveric spleen and  morphometric features i.e.,length, breadth, width and weight of spleen were measured.Results:The average weight of the fetal spleen was 1.98 gm and varied from 0.1 to 5.1 gm. The average length, breadth and width of spleen in prenatal group were 2.21 cm, 1.39 cm and 0.645 cm respectively. In the present study the average weight of the fetal spleen was 1.98 gm and varied from 0.1 to 5.1 gm. There was statistically significant increase in splenic weight till 33 weeks.Conclusion:Knowledge of spleen size at different gestational ages will help in early detection and diagnosis of splenic anomalies, identifying congenital malformations, early diagnosis and prompt treatment of intrauterine infections.

scholarly journals A Cadaveric Study on Morphometric Features of Spleen and Splenomegaly with Accessory Spleen in Hilum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 8181-8184
Author(s):  
Khaleel N ◽  
◽  
Abinet GM ◽  
Angadi A V ◽  
Muralidhar P S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Accessory Spleen ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Massive Splenomegaly ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Splenic Enlargement ◽  
Morphometric Features

Background: Anatomical knowledge regarding the external morphology of the spleen is essential for surgical intervention and radiological diagnosis. Splenomegaly is defined as pathologic enlargement of the spleen measured by size or weight. A normal spleen has a craniocaudal length of no more than 12 cm and weighs less than 200 g. It is surrounded by a thin capsule. The spleen is usually not palpable unless it is enlarged; therefore, a palpable spleen is almost always abnormal. At times the spleen may be difficult to palpate, but dullness to percussion during inspiration in the area of the lower left intercostal space in the left anterior axillary line suggests splenic enlargement. Massive splenomegaly, weight >1000 g usually occurs in lymphoma, myeloproliferative disorders, visceral leishmaniasis, and malaria. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in different medical institutions, to find morphometric features, spenomegaly in cadaver during routine anatomy dissection as part of curriculum, 100 cadavers were observed to find out splenomegaly. Results: Out of 100 spleens studied, 81 cases wedge shaped spleen was the most common, followed by 12 tetrahedral shaped spleens and 7 oval shaped spleens. Average weight of the spleen was 175g. Average length of the spleen was 11.64cm, Average breadth of the spleen was 7.3cm and average thickness of spleen was 3.6cm. Out of 100 cadavers observed only one cadaver observed with massive splenomegaly with one accessory spleen in hilum. The spleen weight was 875gm, length was 18.15 cm, width was 8.65cm, thickness was 5.75cm and extended upto 7 rib and it is easily palpable below the rib cage from lumbar aspect. The cadaver was male and age around 55 years. Conclusion: The morphometric knowledge of spleen will helpful for surgeons and for understanding deceases related spleen. The knowledge of splenomegaly is important in finding splenic disorders and accessory spleen information helpful in understanding embryonic development of spleen. KEY WORDS: Splenomegaly, Spleen, Hilum of Spleen, Accessory spleen.

Detection of Leukemia Using Image Processing

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
A. Sivasangari ◽  
G. Sasikumar
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Leukemia   disease   is one   of    the   leading   causes   of death   among   human. Its  cure  rate and  prognosis   depends   mainly   on  the  early  detection   and  diagnosis  of   the  disease. At  the  moment, identification  of  blood  disorders  is  through   visual  inspection  of  microscopic  images  by  examining  changes  like  texture, geometry, colour  and   statistical  analysis  of  images . This  project  aims  to  preliminary  of  developing  a  detection  of  leukemia  types  using   microscopic  blood  sample using MATLAB. Images  are  used  as  they  are  cheap  and  do  not  expensive  for testing  and  lab  equipment.

scholarly journals Syndecans and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Nausika Betriu ◽  
Juan Bertran-Mas ◽  
Anna Andreeva ◽  
Carlos E. Semino
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease with poor prognosis because patients rarely express symptoms in initial stages, which prevents early detection and diagnosis. Syndecans, a subfamily of proteoglycans, are involved in many physiological processes including cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Syndecans are physiologically found in many cell types and their interactions with other macromolecules enhance many pathways. In particular, extracellular matrix components, growth factors, and integrins collect the majority of syndecans associations acting as biochemical, physical, and mechanical transducers. Syndecans are transmembrane glycoproteins, but occasionally their extracellular domain can be released from the cell surface by the action of matrix metalloproteinases, converting them into soluble molecules that are capable of binding distant molecules such as extracellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factor receptors, and integrins from other cells. In this review, we explore the role of syndecans in tumorigenesis as well as their potential as therapeutic targets. Finally, this work reviews the contribution of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 in PDAC progression and illustrates its potential to be targeted in future treatments for this devastating disease.

scholarly journals A Selective Ensemble Classification Method Combining Mammography Images with Ultrasound Images for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyu Cong ◽  
Benzheng Wei ◽  
Yunlong He ◽  
Yilong Yin ◽  
Yuanjie Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Ensemble Classification ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Selective Ensemble ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis

Breast cancer has been one of the main diseases that threatens women’s life. Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer play an important role in reducing mortality of breast cancer. In this paper, we propose a selective ensemble method integrated with the KNN, SVM, and Naive Bayes to diagnose the breast cancer combining ultrasound images with mammography images. Our experimental results have shown that the selective classification method with an accuracy of 88.73% and sensitivity of 97.06% is efficient for breast cancer diagnosis. And indicator R presents a new way to choose the base classifier for ensemble learning.

scholarly journals Performance and costing of nutrition intervention measures on admitted children in malnutrition treatment center: a case study from Jharkhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4048
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Sinha ◽  
Asha Kiran ◽  
Vivek Kashyap ◽  
Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Medical Complication ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Target Weight ◽  
Intervention Measures

Background: Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) having medical complications require immediate care at malnutrition treatment centers (MTC). Thus, it becomes important to assess the effect and treatment cost of such children in these facilities. Hence, the present study was done with these aims in two MTCs in Jharkhand, India.Methods: A retrospective record review was done of the children admitted to these two MTCs between 1st April 2017 and 31st March 2018. A predesigned proforma was used to collect child related information. The data collected was entered in Microsoft excel sheet and analysed.Results: Majority of the admitted children (90.6%) were in 6-23 months age group. 358 (51.5%) children were females. Only, 194 (27.9%) children admitted were SAM had any medical complication. 690 (99.3%) children were discharged of whom 499 (72.3%) were discharged after achieving the target weight. The average weight gain during their stay was 8.1±2.4 g/kg/day and average length of stay was 16.7±3.2 days. Post discharge follow up rates were found to be low and only 130 (18.8%) children completed all three follow ups. Average cost per SAM child treated was Rs. 18,599 (US$ 272) and per SAM child cured was Rs. 25,904 (US$ 379).Conclusions: MTCs are effective in managing medically complicated SAM children. However, improvements are necessary to ensure that more such children should be treated at facility level, complimented with a community based programme for managing uncomplicated SAM children to improve coverage and ensure continuum of care.

scholarly journals Preliminary observations on the effect of sudden changes of temperature on survival of young Matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) under laboratory conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Fonsêca Guimarães ◽  
Atílio Storti Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Amazonian Fish ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Preliminary Study

Matrinxã is a very promising amazonian fish for fish culture in Brazil. This study is aimed at determining the approximate tolerated temperature range in this species. Groups of ten young matrinxã specimens (15.1±0.8 cm average length and 58.3±10.3 g average weight) were subjected to 9 different temperatures for 24 hours without previous acclimation. Fish were transferred from an initial temperature of 27ºC to those ranging from 12 to 39ºC at 3ºC intervals. Both 12ºC and 39ºC temperatures were lethal for this species with 100% mortality rate. Following 2 minutes of exposure to 39ºC fish changed behavior, showing an increase in opercular movements and erratic swimming; mortality reached 100% after 18 minutes. At 12ºC, fish lost equilibrium immediately after exposure and started swimming erratically; after only 4 minutes fish became lethargic and remained immobile on the bottom of the tank. Total mortality was only evident following 24 hours. At 15ºC matrinxã lost equilibrium after 5 to 6 minutes of exposure but mortality was only 20% after 24 hours. Fish tolerated well temperatures ranging from 18 to 36ºC with 100% survival after 24 hours. This preliminary study suggests that temperatures between 18 and 36ºC are the approximate range normally tolerated by this species, although survival at other temperatures may be increased by gradually acclimating fish to the more severe increases or decreases in temperature. In addition, it indicates that matrinxã may be cultivated over a wide geographical area.

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