scholarly journals The effect of metal-containing biocomposites of fungal origin on potato plants in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-423
Author(s):  
O. M. Tsivileva ◽  
A. I. Perfileva ◽  
A. G. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Extracellular Metabolites ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Potato Resistance

The effect of metal (II)-containing composites based on extracellular metabolites of basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola umbellata and Laetiporus sulphureus on the viability and response of potato plants in vitro has been investigated. The Lukyanovsky variety of potato, which is susceptible to ring rot, caused by the bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus, was studied. The parameters investigated included biofilm formation by Clavibacter sepedonicus, various morphometric parameters of plants and the phytotoxicity of substances of fungal origin. The greatest anti-biofilm-forming effect was observed in metal-containing biocomposites based on G. lucidum; Fe- and Co-containing biopreparations inhibited the formation of Clavibacter sepedonicus biofilms by 40–50%. The plant height was adversely affected by composites, in the absence of metal (II), derived from L. sulphureus and P. ostreatus, as well as by a Co-containing composite derived from P. ostreatus. The decrease in plant growth, in comparison with the control, can be associated with the pronounced antibiotic properties of these basidiomycetes and cobalt. The remaining biocomposites studied did not have an adverse effect on the growth of potatoes in vitro. A number of morphometric parameters (length of internodes, number of leaves) remained virtually unchanged when exposed to biocomposites of fungal origin. In contrast to the vegetative part of plants, the biomass and length of the roots increased by 10–20% under the influence of biocomposites. Copper-containing composites derived from G. lucidum had no phytotoxic effect on plants and enhanced potato resistance to Clavibacter sepedonicus. The beneficial properties of biocomosites may be judged by the degree of stimulation of the physiological processes underlying the formation of the underground part of the plants, which is a prerequisite for increasing yields. The biocomposites are environmentally friendly because of their natural origin and being effective at very low doses. The results obtained using metal-containing biocomposites derived from G. lucidum and Gr. umbellata demonstrate the safety and possible improvement in health of potato plants by using biocomposites derived from cultures of higher fungi.

Selenium Nanocomposites Having Polysaccharid Matrices Stimulate Growth of Potato Plants in Vitro Infected with Ring Rot Pathogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 489 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Perfileva ◽  
O. A. Nozhkina ◽  
I. A. Graskova ◽  
A. V. Dyakova ◽  
A. G. Pavlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Potato Plants In Vitro

scholarly journals The application of microbial originating bioregulators to obtain in vitro lines of potato with increased resistance to parasitic nematodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
O. M. Shysha ◽  
S. I. Spivak ◽  
V. A. Tsygankova ◽  
G. O. Iutynska ◽  
L. O. Biliavska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Free System ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Organogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Potato Resistance

Aim. Obtaining in vitro new lines of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Vernissage with genetically mediated resistance to the parasitic nematode H. schachtii on nutrient MS media with microbial bioregulators. Methods. In vitro conditions the process of organogenesis of potato plants on nutrient MS media containing microbial bioregulators used at concentrations 25-100 μl/l in combination with phytohormones 2 mg/l BAP and 0,1 mg/l NAA was investigated. Using dot blotting method the degree of hybridization between cytoplasmic si/miRNA isolated from cells of potato plants-regenerants, grown on the artificial invasive background, and nematode mRNA was studied. In the wheat seedlings cell-free system in vitro the silencing activity of si/miRNA isolated from cells of potato plants-regenerants on the template of nematode mRNA was investigated. Results. The experiments conducted in vitro conditions showed that the addition of microbial bioregulators at concentrations 25-100 μl/l in combination with phytohormones 2 mg/l BAP and 0,1 mg/l NAA into MS media increased the efficiency of regeneration of potato shoots to 43–47 % as compared with similar indices obtained on control MS media. The increase of the degree of hybridization to 19-38 % between cytoplasmic mRNA isolated from cells of nematode H. schachtii and si/miRNA isolated from cells of experimental potato plants-regenerants grown in vitro conditions on nutrient media containing bioregulators on the artificial invasive background was shown. Conclusions. Using microbial bioregulators in vitro conditions as components of nutrient MS medium increases potato shoot regeneration efficiency and enhances RNAi-mediated resistance of plants-regenerants to parasitic nematode H. schachtii. Keywords: microbial bioregulators, potato organogenesis in vitro, potato resistance to nematode Heterodera schachtii, RNA interference.

scholarly journals Effect of Selenium-Arabinogalactan Nanocomposite on the Colonization of Potato Plants in vitro by the Ring Rot Pathogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
A. I. Perfileva ◽  
◽  
O. A. Nozhkina ◽  
I. A. Graskova ◽  
N. S. Zabanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Potato Root ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pathogen Colonization ◽  
Root Tissues

It has been previously shown that the chemically synthesized nanocomposite of selenium with arabinogalactan (NC Se/AG) is characterized by antibacterial effect upon the agent of ring rot – gram-positive bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms), with the NC Se/AG having no negative effect on potato plants. In the present paper, it has been found that, 1 hour after the treatment of the NC Se/AG, a substantial elevation of lipid peroxidation products was observed in potato root tissues. This supports earlier results on the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in potato root tissues under the influence of NC Se/AG. It is proposed that the increased ROS content in potato may inhibit pathogen colonization of plants. This has been tested by seeding homogenised plant tissues of various potato zones (roots, stems, shoot apex zone) onto the nutrient medium. In plants infected with Cms and untreated with the NC, the number of colony forming units (CFUs) of Cms has been shown to be numerous both in potato culture medium and in root and stem tissues. In shoot apex zone of such plants, it has been revealed, bacteria also present, but in smaller quantities. Similar data have been obtained by seeding homogenised tissues from roots and stems of potato plants treated with the NC followed by infection with Cms. However, seeding from shoot apex zones of the plants has been given 4 times less CFUs than from potato plants not treated with the NC. The effect of the NC Se/AG upon the pathogen colonization of plants appears to depend on the titre of the microorganism. In shoot apex zone of plants, characterized with small number of CFUs of Cms, the pathogen growth has been decreased. For the first time, Cms bacteria in potato plant tissues in vitro have been visualized with the aid of scanning microscopy.

scholarly journals Expression of PR genes and genes of heat shock proteins of potato plants in vitro under infection with ring rot and heat stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
V. N. Nurminsky ◽  
A. S. Stolbikov ◽  
A. V. Pomortsev ◽  
A. I. Perfileva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Proteins ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Potato Plants In Vitro

scholarly journals Selenium Nanocomposites in Natural Matrices as Potato Recovery Agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4576
Author(s):  
Alla I. Perfileva ◽  
Olga A. Nozhkina ◽  
Tatjana V. Ganenko ◽  
Irina A. Graskova ◽  
Boris G. Sukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Soil Bacterium ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Potato Ring Rot ◽  
Potato Plants In Vitro

The paper presents a study of the effect of chemically synthesized selenium nanocomposites (Se NCs) in natural polymer matrices arabinogalactan (AG) and starch (ST) on the viability of the potato ring rot pathogen Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms), potato plants in vitro, and the soil bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis. It was found that the studied Se NCs have an antibacterial effect against the phytopathogenic Cms, reducing its growth rate and ability to form biofilms. It was revealed that Se NC based on AG (Se/AG NC) stimulated the growth and development of potato plants in vitro as well as their root formation. At the same time, Se did not accumulate in potato tissues after the treatment of plants with Se NCs. The safety of the Se NCs was also confirmed by the absence of a negative effect on the growth and biofilm formation of the soil bacterium R. erythropolis. The obtained results indicate that Se NCs are promising environmentally safe agents for the protection and recovery of cultivated plants from phytopathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Categorisation of reactions and enumeration of bacteria in potato cultivars inoculated with the causal agent of bacterial ring rot

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Pánková Iveta ◽  
Krejzar Václav ◽  
Krejzarová Radka
Keyword(s):  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Foliage Symptom ◽  
Symptom Group

Variability in the responses of plants propagated from in vitro tissue cultures of 52 ware and industrial potato cultivars to different Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus inoculum size was tested during 2015–2017. Bacterial ring rot symptoms on plants and tubers xylem vessels were recorded for 8 weeks and the susceptibility index (SI) for individual cultivars was calculated. Based on foliage symptoms, potato cultivars were placed into three symptoms groups. The symptomless group had SIs ≤ 1, for the moderate symptom group SIs ranged from 1.01 to 2.99, and the severe symptom group had SIs ≥ 3.0. The pathogen concentrations in vascular vessels of all infected potato plants increased during the experiment regardless of the foliage symptom group.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF NANOSCALE SELENIUM ON THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF RING ROT AND POTATO IN VITRO

2019 ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Alekseyevna Graskova ◽  
Alla Innokent'yevna Perfileva ◽  
Ol'ga Aleksandrovna Nozhkina ◽  
Anastasiya Vyacheslavovna Dyakova ◽  
Vadim Nikolayevich Nurminsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacteriostatic Effect ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Selenium

The biological activity of biopolymer-based selenium nanocomposite with a high selenium content of 6.4% was investigated. It was shown earlier that nanocomposites of selenium and arabinogalactan (NC Se/AG, 1.23% and 3.4% Se) have a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on the pathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms) and do not adversely affect the vitality of potato plants in vitro. In this work, it was shown that the nanocomposite under scrutiny has a bacteriostatic effect, inhibits bacterial growth by 20% compared with the check variant and reduces the ability of Cms to form biofilms, which contribute to their high resistance to external factors. In the experiments conducted on plants, it was shown, there was not negative effect of NC Se/AG on biometric parameters, furthermore, this NC reduces the negative effect of potato infection with Cms. The nanocomposite reduced the activity of peroxidase and the content of reactive oxygen species in potato tissues. It was established that selenium does not accumulate in potato plants after the treatment with NC Se/AG. The results obtained allow us to consider NC Se/AG (6.4% Se) as an agent for healing cultivated plants from pathogenic bacteria.

Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from Strawberry against Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baydaa Hussein ◽  
Zainab A. Aldhaher ◽  
Shahrazad Najem Abdu-Allah ◽  
Adel Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Background: Biofilm is a bacterial way of life prevalent in the world of microbes; in addition to that it is a source of alarm in the field of health concern. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for all opportunistic infections such as chronic and severe. Aim of this study: This paper aims to provide an overview of the promotion of isolates to produce a biofilm in vitro under special circumstances, to expose certain antibiotics to produce phenotypic evaluation of biofilm bacteria. Methods and Materials: Three diverse ways were used to inhibited biofilm formation of P.aeruginosa by effect of phenolic compounds extracts from strawberries. Isolates produced biofilm on agar MacConkey under certain circumstances. Results: The results showed that all isolates were resistant to antibiotics except sensitive to azithromycin (AZM, 15μg), and in this study was conducted on three ways to detect the biofilm produced, has been detected by the biofilm like Tissue culture plate (TCP), Tube method (TM), Congo Red Agar (CRA). These methods gave a clear result of these isolates under study. Active compounds were analyzed in both extracts by Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry which indicate High molecular weight compound with a long hydrocarbon chain. Conclusion: Phenolic compounds could behave as bioactive material and can be useful to be used in pharmaceutical synthesis. Phenolic contents which found in leaves and fruits extracts of strawberries shows antibacterial activity against all strains tested by the ability to reduce the production of biofilm formation rate.

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