scholarly journals Chromosome regions affecting body weight in egg layers

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HONKATUKIA ◽  
M. TUISKULA-HAAVISTO ◽  
J. VILKKI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Parent Of Origin ◽  
Chromosome Regions ◽  
Mapping Populations ◽  
Good Agreement

We have previously mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting egg production and quality traits using a reciprocal cross of two divergent egg-layer lines. The lines differ also in body weight, and we initially identified genome-wide significant Mendelian QTL for adult body weight at 40 weeks of age and feed intake at 32–36 weeks of age. In addition, QTL with parent-of-origin effects were detected for feed intake and body weight. In the present study, a total of five body weight traits (weight at 16, 20, 24, 40 and 60 weeks of age) have been analysed in the same mapping population. New QTL affecting body weight at different ages were found on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 6, and 13. Both Mendelian QTL and loci with parent-of-origin expression were found. Our findings are in good agreement with the results of previous studies on different mapping populations. The results elucidate the most important chromosome regions affecting weight in poultry in general and may add to the understanding of such loci among domestic animals.;

scholarly journals Effect of Sex-linked Feathering Genes on Body Weight, Age At Sexual Maturity, Feed Intake and Subsequent Laying Performance of Baladi Chickens

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
A. AI-Sobayel ◽  
A.A. AI-Mulhem
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight

A total of 320 twenty week-old slow and rapid feathering Saudi Arabian Baladi pullers were used to assess the effect of sex-linked feathering genes on body weight, age at sexual maturity, feed intake and subsequent laying performance. Similar numbers of rapid feathering Leghorns pullets were included in the study for the purpose of comparison. The experimental birds of each genotypic group were randomly divided into four replicates and subjected to standard management practices. Slow feathering Baladi pullers had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight, rate of mortality, and feed intake and a similar age at sexual maturity but showed lower (P< 0.05) hen-day, and hen-housed egg production and feed conversion compared with rapid feathering Baladi pullets. Rapid feathering Leghorns had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight. age at sexual maturity, hen-day egg production, rate of mortality and feed intake and lower feed intake/kg eggs than rapid and slow feathering Baladi. However, rapid feathering Baladi and Leghorns had similar hen-housed egg production and feed intake per dozen eggs and had better (l’<0.05') performance than slow feathering Baladi.

scholarly journals SAPU-SAPU FISH (Hyposarcus pardalis) AS A SINGLE PROTEIN SOURCE FOR LAYING MOJOSARI DUCKS

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Indarsih ◽  
A. Asnawi ◽  
D. K. Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Single Protein

The present study was conducted to evaluate the optimum level of dietary inclusion and the form of feeding sapu-sapu fish (SSF) as a single protein source for feed components of small holder Mojosari duck farming. A total of 180 twenty four wk-old laying ducks were fed with two forms (sun-dried and ground-fresh) and three levels of SSF (10, 20 and 30%) from 24 to 32 wk of age. Experimental diets were formulated containing 105.1; 141.5 and 177.9 g/kg crude protein and 3078; 3065 and 3052 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) /kg diet. Production performance and egg quality were measured. The form of SSF had a significant effect (P<0.0001) on feed intake, egg production, feed conversion, egg mass and egg number except final body weight. No significant effects (P>0.05) were found on all of the performance parameters measured due to feeding levels of SSF except feed intake and final body weight. The interaction of form and feeding level was significant (P<0.05) on egg and body weights. Low performance and egg quality were observed in the birds fed a diet containing the dried SSF. It can be suggested that local ducks required 20% SSF as a single protein source for maximum egg production (41.2%) and total egg number per wk (3.1 eggs/bird/wk) during 8 wk of rearing period. Egg quality can be improved by feeding the fresh SSF. However, due to be sufficiently better processing technique, the dried SSF would be potential to replace the common fish for laying ducks.

scholarly journals Heritability Estimates of Adult Body Weight and Egg Production Traits in Indigenous Uttara Chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Singh ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
R. K. Sharma ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
B. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Effect of feeding different levels of lysine and protein on the performance of WLH layers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naga Raja Kumari K ◽  
Ravinder Reddy V ◽  
Chinni Preetham V ◽  
Srinivas Kumar ◽  
D.Sen A.R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Lysine Concentration ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

A trial was conducted to evaluate the requirement of digestible lysine at various protein levels in the diet of WLH layers (BV-300) from 25-44 weeks of age. Layers (528) were fed with diets containing two protein levels i.e. 13.36 and 15.78 % each with 5 % concentration variations of lysine (0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, and 0.70) and a control with 17 % CP and 0.70 % lysine. Each diet was fed to six replicates of eight birds. Egg production, feed intake, body weight were not influenced either by the concentration of lysine or by level of protein in diet. Increased (P d” 0.05) egg weight and egg mass were observed with increasing lysine in diets. Better feed efficiency was observed with increasing lysine concentration. It can be concluded that WLH layers require approximately 0.65% lysine with 13.36% CP or 0.63% lysine with 15.78% CP (i.e. 598.80 vs 570 mg/h/day) in diet.

Mapping and validation of chromosome regions associated with high malt extract in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Collins ◽  
J. F. Panozzo ◽  
S. J. Logue ◽  
S. P. Jefferies ◽  
A. R. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Soluble Material ◽  
Chromosome Regions ◽  
Mapping Populations

Malt extract represents the soluble material extracted from malt during the mashing process of barley. The measurement of malt extract is used by maltsters and brewers to assess the quality of the barley they are purchasing and is therefore one of the most important parameters used by breeders to assess the quality of new barley varieties before release. This paper identifies and investigates several regions (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) found to be associated with malt extract and discusses the uses of these regions for marker assisted selection (MAS).Eight regions of the barley genome were found to be associated with malt extract in 3 mapping populations. Five regions were found in the Sloop/Alexis and Sloop-sib/Alexis mapping populations on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, and 5H. Two regions were found in the Chebec/Harrington population on chromosomes 1H and 5H and a single region was found on chromosome 2H in the Galleon/Haruna Nijo mapping population. Markers from 6 of these regions were investigated using several breeding populations with a high malt extract variety as a parent. The 'allele' from the high malt extract parent was found to be associated with a significant increase in malt extract in 4 regions, 2 regions on chromosome 2H and 2 regions on chromosome 5H.

scholarly journals Responses of domestic fowl to excess iodine: a review

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

Typically, poultry diets contain 1–2 mg I/kg, but higher concentrations are sometimes used to enhance the I content of eggs. In addition to an increased deposition of I in the yolk, other often adverse responses occur, especially at exceptionally high concentrations. Excess I in grower diets can prevent sexual maturation in male and female fowl, and in layer diets will progressively reduce egg production until, by about 2500 mg I/kg diet, ovulation is inhibited and egg production ceases. Most I accumulates in the thyroid gland, and it is likely that the mechanism responsible for these reproductive disorders involves a modification of thyroid hormone activity. Simultaneous with the declining rate of lay, feed intake declines, egg weight and yolk-cholesterol contents decrease and body weight increases. Whereas fertility is unaffected in female breeders, hatch of fertile eggs is reduced, hatch time extended and embryonic mortality and dead-in-shell proportions increased. In contrast, male fertility is decreased because of an increased incidence of dead spermatozoa, although hatchability of eggs from normally fed hens is unaffected. All reproductive variables, together with feed intake and body weight, are normalised within about 7 d of returning to a diet with normal I levels. Excess I suppresses growth in meat-type chickens, but does not affect feed conversion efficiency. There are transient increases in plasma I and cholesterol concentration during excess I intake in all types of bird. The evidence for varying responses to different I sources is equivocal, but the consensus is that source is probably not important.

Effect of methionine and lysine supplementation of diets for laying hens, on production and feed intake

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW McDonald ◽  
IJ Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Egg Weight

Six diets containing five levels of methionine and two of lysme were each fed to 12 Leghorn and 12 Australorp pullets for a period of 16 weeks Body weight changes, egg production, egg weight and feed intake were measured Although responses to the diets did not differ significantly In univariate analyses, multrvarrate analysis lndicated a srgnificant interaction between breeds and diets. Increased methionine produced small, significant Increases In egg weight, although responses were inconsistent at different levels Body weight gains were not significantly different between diets. Egg production and feed consumption were significantly affected by diet?, but the pattern of response was also inconsistent. A discriminate function analysis showed a consistent response to increased methionine, which indicated that the basal diet was deficient and that the pullets required a total of 0 275% methionine in their diet Lysine supplementation produced a 'significant decrease In feed intake but had no significant effect on any other variable.A multiple regression equation relating metabolizable energy intake to the variables measured in the experiment was calculated and compared with others reported In the literature This was used to predict the requirements of the pullets for a number of essential amino acids.

scholarly journals Warm Perches: A Novel Approach For Reducing Cold Stress Effect on Production, Plasma Hormones, and Immunity in Laying Hens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Hu ◽  
Heng Wei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Stress Effect

Abstract Background: Cold temperature is a common environmental stressor that has a great impact on the poultry industries, inducing pathophysiological stress in birds with profound economic losses. Current methods used for preventing cold stress, such as reducing ventilation and using gas heaters, are facing challenges due to poor indoor air quality and its deleterious effects on bird and caretaker health. The aim of this study was to examine if the novelly designed warmed perch system, as a thermal device, can reduce cold stress-associated adverse effects on laying hens. Methods: Seventy-two 32-week-old DeKalb hens were randomly assigned to 36 cages arranged to 3 banks. The banks were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: cages with warmed perches (WP; perches with circulating water at 30 oC), air perches (AP, regular perches only) or no perches (NP) for a 21- day trial. The room temperature was set at 10 oC during the entire experimental period. Rectal temperature and body weight were measured from the same bird of each cage at day 1, 8, 15, and 21 during the cold exposure. Egg production was recorded daily. Feed intake, egg and eggshell quality were determined during the 1st and 3rd week of cold stress. Plasma levels of corticosterone, thyroid hormones (3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine and thyroxine), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, were determined at day 1 and 21 post initiation of cold exposure. Results: Compared to both AP and NP hens, WP hens were able to maintain their body temperature without increasing feed intake and losing body weight. The eggs laid by WP hens had thicker eggshell during the 3rd week of cold exposure. Warmed perch hens also had a lower thyroxine conversion rate (3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine/thyroxine) at day 1, while higher plasma concentrations of IL-6 at day 21. Plasma levels of corticosterone, 3, 3’, 5-triiodothyronine, and IL-10 were not different among treatments. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the warmed perch system can be used as a novel thermal device for preventing cold stress-induced negative effects on hen health and welfare through regulating innate immunity and metabolic hormonal homeostasis.

scholarly journals Effects of supplementing various linoleic to α-linolenic acid ratios and vitamin A on production performance and egg characteristics of laying hens during summer months

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In the present feeding trial, responses of laying hens, kept at high ambient temperature, to various dietary ratios of linoleic acid (LNA) to α-linolenic acid (ALA) and vitamin A levels on performance and egg characteristics were evaluated. A total of 360, 40-wk-old, Leghorn laying hens were fed on diets with various combinations of canola oil and linseed oil to achieve LNA to ALA dietary ratios of 20:1, 10:1, 4:1, 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, each supplemented with 3000 IU or 10000 IU vitamin A/kg of diet. The diets were fed in a 6×2 factorial Completely Randomized Design that continued for 12 weeks. Feed intake, weight gain, egg production and egg quality traits were recorded during the trial. Decreasing dietary LNA to ALA ratio in the diet affected negatively (P<0.05) on body weight gain and yolk percentage in laying hens. While, feed intake, hen-day and hen-housed egg production, feed conversion ratio (FCR) per dozen of eggs and shell quality remained unaffected (P>0.05) by dietary treatments, with the exception of FCR per kg eggs, egg weight and egg-shell thickness which responded significantly (P<0.05) to various dietary treatments. Although the dietary ratio of LNA to ALA of 4:1 or less could produce eggs by the hens with desirable quantities of n-6 and n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids – that are characteristics of functional diets – the performance of laying hens in terms of body weight gain and egg-yolk percentage was slightly compromised.

The effect of apple cider vinegar and mushroom stalk supplementation on laying hens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Karaalp ◽  
Vecihi Aksakal ◽  
Sevim Beyza Ozturk Sarikaya ◽  
Hilal Urusan ◽  
Bahri Bayram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Treatment Groups

The aim of this trial was to study the effects of consuming water with apple cider vinegar (ACV) and feed including mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) stalk (MS) on performance and certain egg characteristics. The hens were separated into four treatment groups (with 4 replicates and 6 hens per replicate). The experimental groups were control (not consumed ACV and MS), ACV (3 ml/l drinking water), MS (20 g/kg feed) and ACV+MS (combination). At the end of the experiment, among the performance criteria tested, body weight, feed intake, egg production and weight of eggs, and feed efficiency were not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Treatments had no effect on physical external and internal egg characteristics. The amount of yolk malondialdehyde of the ACV and MS groups was lower than the control group (P Less then 0.05) in stored eggs (28 d) (P Less then 0.05).

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