scholarly journals Effects of supplementing various linoleic to α-linolenic acid ratios and vitamin A on production performance and egg characteristics of laying hens during summer months

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In the present feeding trial, responses of laying hens, kept at high ambient temperature, to various dietary ratios of linoleic acid (LNA) to α-linolenic acid (ALA) and vitamin A levels on performance and egg characteristics were evaluated. A total of 360, 40-wk-old, Leghorn laying hens were fed on diets with various combinations of canola oil and linseed oil to achieve LNA to ALA dietary ratios of 20:1, 10:1, 4:1, 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, each supplemented with 3000 IU or 10000 IU vitamin A/kg of diet. The diets were fed in a 6×2 factorial Completely Randomized Design that continued for 12 weeks. Feed intake, weight gain, egg production and egg quality traits were recorded during the trial. Decreasing dietary LNA to ALA ratio in the diet affected negatively (P<0.05) on body weight gain and yolk percentage in laying hens. While, feed intake, hen-day and hen-housed egg production, feed conversion ratio (FCR) per dozen of eggs and shell quality remained unaffected (P>0.05) by dietary treatments, with the exception of FCR per kg eggs, egg weight and egg-shell thickness which responded significantly (P<0.05) to various dietary treatments. Although the dietary ratio of LNA to ALA of 4:1 or less could produce eggs by the hens with desirable quantities of n-6 and n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids – that are characteristics of functional diets – the performance of laying hens in terms of body weight gain and egg-yolk percentage was slightly compromised.

scholarly journals Growth, survival and egg production of exotic chicken breeds under small scale production system in Bahir Dar City Administration, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Aderaw Litigebew ◽  
Fisseha Moges ◽  
Damitie Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Chicken Breeds

Growth, survival and egg production performance and profitability of exotic chicken breeds were evaluated under small-scale chicken producers in urban and peri-urban areas of Bahir Dar City from 2018 to 2019. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, monitoring and field observation. Thirty-three small-scale chicken enterprises (30 from urban and three from peri-urban areas) were included in this study. All questionnaire data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20. The monitoring data was analyzed with ANOVA using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS version 9.0. The monitoring result revealed that the growth performance of chicken significantly varied with respect to breeds and production systems of producers. Sasso T44 had higher daily body weight gain (10.66 ± 0.03 g) and total body weight gain (1642 ± 5.02 g) within 22 weeks of age in the urban areas. The mean egg production for Bovans Brown at the age of six months was 124.8 ± 4.10 eggs. The annual mean egg production performance of Bovans Brown was 239.63 ± 4.32. The overall mortality rate of all exotic chicken was 6.5%. Despite many constraints, small-scale chicken production was profitable. Seasonal disease outbreaks, shortages of feed and housing problems were the major constraints of small-scale chicken producers. The growth performance and survival rate of exotic chicken was promising, but the egg production was low. Therefore, the management practices of small-scale chicken enterprises in the study area should be improved.

scholarly journals Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Singh ◽  
Birendra Mishra ◽  
Michael R. Bedford ◽  
Rajesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Total Period

Abstract Background This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 288 day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were allocated to 36 floor pens (8 birds/pen) equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase (0, 0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT) and 3 levels of prebiotics (0, 0.005% and 0.01% XOS) added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases (starter, d 0–14; grower, d 15–28; finisher, d 29–42). The feed intake and body weights were recorded weekly. On d 42, ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis, and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and microbiota. Results Xylanase linearly (P < 0.01) increased the average daily gain (ADG) in both the finisher and total period and the final body weight gain (FBWG, 2940 & 2932 vs. 2760 g) of broilers. XOS did not significantly increase either ADG or FBWG (P > 0.05). Supplemental xylanase and XOS did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Xylanase and XOS did not change villus height (VH) or crypt depth (CD) ratio (P > 0.05). However, xylanase exhibited a trend (P = 0.097) on VH:CD ratio. The inclusion of 0.01% XOS without xylanase increased the level of IL-10 (a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-4 (a T-cell differentiation cytokine) genes compared with control (P < 0.05). The acetate production was increased by xylanase (P < 0.01) and XOS (P < 0.05) without an additive effect. Xylanase increased total SCFA (P < 0.01) while XOS had a tendency to increase (P = 0.052). Alpha and beta diversity of microbiota among treatments were not different (P > 0.05). However, the mean proportion of family Ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase (P < 0.01). Conclusion It can be concluded that XOS can enhance cecal fermentation, while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the fermentation metabolites in the ceca of broilers fed the corn-SBM-based diet but the effects may not always translate into an improved mucosal absorptive capacity and a better feed efficiency.

scholarly journals Dietary Encapsulated Essential Oils Improve Production Performance of Coccidiosis Vaccine-challenged Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Woo Lee ◽  
Da-Hye Kim ◽  
Yoo Bhin Kim ◽  
Su-Been Jeong ◽  
Sungtaek Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Production Performance

The present study was conducted to evaluate encapsulated essential oils as an alternative anticoccidial in coccidiosis vaccine challenged broiler chickens. A total of 600 day-old male broiler chicks were provided with no-added corn-soybean meal-based control diet or diets that contained either salinomycin or EO at 60 and 120 mg per kg of diet. On day 21, half of the control groups were orally challenged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 25 times higher than the recommended vaccine dose. During 22 to 28 days (i.e., one-week post coccidiosis vaccine challenge), the challenged chickens had decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in body weight gain and feed intake but increase in feed conversion ratio compared with the non-challenged, na&iuml;ve control chickens. However, dietary EO significantly counteracted (P &lt; 0.05) coccidiosis vaccine-induced depression in body weight gain and feed intake. Increasing dietary EO linearly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) the concentrations of the volatile fatty acids. Dietary SAL and EO affected gut morphology in chickens at 20 days posthatch. Increasing dietary EO linearly (P = 0.073) increased serum catalase activity. Collectively, our study shows that dietary EO increased coccidiosis vaccine-induced growth depression and altered gut physiology in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Dietary Encapsulated Essential Oils Improve Production Performance of Coccidiosis-Vaccine-Challenged Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Woo Lee ◽  
Da-Hye Kim ◽  
Yoo-Bhin Kim ◽  
Su-Been Jeong ◽  
Sung-Taek Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group

The present study was conducted to evaluate the encapsulated essential oils (EEO) as an alternative to anticoccidials using a coccidiosis vaccine challenged model in broiler chickens. A total of 600 one-day-old male broiler chicks were provided with no added corn/soybean-meal-based control diet or diets that contained either salinomycin (SAL) or thymol- and carvacrol-based EEO at 60 and 120 mg per kg of diet. Before challenge at 21 days, each treatment had 10 replicates except for the no-added control group, which had 20 replicates. On day 21, half of the control groups were orally challenged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 25 times higher than the recommended vaccine dose. During 22 to 28 days (i.e., one-week post coccidiosis vaccine challenge), the challenged chickens had a decrease (P < 0.05) in body weight gain and feed intake but an increase in feed conversion ratio compared with the non-challenged, naïve control chickens. However, dietary EEO significantly counteracted (P < 0.05) coccidiosis-vaccine-induced depression in body weight gain and feed intake. Inclusion of dietary EEO linearly decreased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of the volatile fatty acids. Dietary SAL and EEO affected gut morphology in chickens at 20 days post-hatch. Dietary EEO linearly (P = 0.073) increased serum catalase activity as the inclusion level increased. Collectively, our study shows that dietary EEO increased coccidiosis-vaccine-induced growth depression and altered gut physiology in broiler chickens. Our study adds to the accumulating evidence that dietary EEO is proven to be an effective alternative to anticoccidials for broiler chickens.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF GUINEA FOWL BREEDERS FED VARYING LEVELS OF CYPERUS BULB

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
K. L. Ayorinde ◽  
J. S. O. Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Egg Weight

Feeding between 0.00 and 54.55 percent of Cypenis bulbs in guinea fowl diets resulted in significantly (P<0.05) different body weight gain, feed intake, egg production and egg weight. Mean weekly body weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed rations containing between 0 and 41% of Cyperus bulb than those on ration containing 54.55% of Cyperus bulb. Males on rations containing between 0 and 41% of Cyperus bulb had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gains than their female counterparts fed the same rations. Feed intake decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increased inclusion of Cypenis bulb. Weekly feed intake was however significantly (P <0.05) lower in male birds on rations 1 and 2 than those on 3 and 4. The percentage of cocks in semen production ranged from 69.3 to 73.2% and was not significantly affected by ration. Egg weight and egg production became significantly lower (P<0.05) lowered as maize was replaced with Cyperus bulb though production on rations 1 and 2 were statistically similar. The differences in nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention are probably responsible for the varying performances. The results indicate that except for semen production and feed intake in the male, the other parameters were adversely affected by Cyperus bulb inclusion

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of BS4-enzyme levels in rice-bran based rations on performance of growing PMp broiler duck

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Maijon Purba ◽  
Arnold Parlindungan Sinurat
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Dietary Treatments

<p>The purpose of enzymes supplementation in feeds is to improve nutrient digestibility through degradation of anti-nutrition and crude fiber, which are commonly found in rice bran. The aim of the study was to see performance response of PMp broiler ducks to the supplementation of BS4-enzyme levels in rice-bran based rations. Two hundred and twenty four day-old ducks were allocated to 8 dietary treatments with 4 replicates, consisted of 7 ducks in each replicate. The composition of the feed treatments arranged as follows: T1 to T4 were rations with 30% of rice bran content with enzyme levels of 0, 50, 100, and 150 Unit/kg rice bran respectively. T5 to T8 were rations with 60% of rice bran content with the same enzyme levels as for T1 to T4 treatments. The ducklings were subjected to the treatments for the first four weeks. The variables observed were feed intake, weight gain and FCR. The results showed that the supplementation of BS4-enzymes on rice-bran based rations significantly affected (P&lt;0.05) feed intake and FCR, but not for weight gain (P&gt;0.05). The most effective rations for feed consumption and FCR of PMp broiler duck were obtained on T4 treatment resulting in the highest body weight gain of 998 g/bird and lowest FCR of 2,64. It was concluded that the supplementation of 150 Unit/kg of BS4 enzyme in 30% rice-bran diet was the best combination level to be implemented in feeding PMP broiler ducks for the first four weeks period.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on clinical outcome in a porcine model on post-operative infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sine Nygaard Langerhuus ◽  
Else K. Tønnesen ◽  
Karin H. Jensen ◽  
Birthe M. Damgaard ◽  
Ulrich Halekoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Prosthetic Graft ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) on clinical outcome in a porcine model on early aortic vascular prosthetic graft infection (AVPGI). A total of eighty-four pigs were randomised to a 35 d dietary treatment with 10 % (w/w) fish oil (rich in n-3 LC-PUFA), sunflower oil (rich in n-6 LC-PUFA) or animal fat. After 3 weeks of dietary treatment, the pigs had an aortic vascular prosthetic graft inserted, and it was inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus (106 colony-forming units). Changes in selected plasma and erythrocyte n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA concentrations and in plasma PGE2 metabolite concentration were determined in the 3-week preoperative period. Clinical signs of infection, i.e. rectal temperature, hindquarter function, general appearance and feed intake, were monitored daily in the 14 d post-operative period, and, finally, daily body-weight gain was determined in both periods. The preoperative changes in plasma and erythrocyte n-3 and n-6 LC-PUFA concentrations reflected the fatty acid compositions of the dietary treatments given, and plasma PGE2 metabolite concentration decreased in the fish oil treatment (P < 0·001). In the post-operative period, feed intake (P = 0·004) and body-weight gain (P = 0·038) were higher in the fish oil treatment compared with the sunflower oil treatment. The dietary treatments did not affect the number of days pigs were showing fever, weakness in the hindquarters or impaired general appearance. In conclusion, preoperative treatment with dietary fish oil compared with sunflower oil improved clinical outcome in pigs with AVPGI by improving feed intake and body-weight gain post-operatively.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF MALE LOCAL DUCKS (ANAS PLATHYRINCHOS) FED TORCH GINGER FLOWER (ETLINGERA ELATIOR) SOLUTION INCLUDED IN COMMERCIAL RATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Pepi Supriatman ◽  
Elis Dihansih ◽  
Anggraeni Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

The needs for animal protein increase significantly as the number and prosperity level of people increase. Ducks are water poultry that can be used to supply meat and eggs to fulfill people need for protein.    Ducks are the second most important egg producers after chickens.  In Indonesia, duck eggs share about 30-40% of total egg supply (Suharno 2002).  This study was aimed at assessing the production performance of male local ducks fed torch ginger flower (Etlingera elatior) solution included in commercial ration.  Male local ducks aged 2 weeks with average initial body weight of 450 g were used.  Commercial feed was mixed with torch ginger flower solution.  A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates was used.  Treatments consisted of four levels of torch ginger flower solution, namely 0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%.  Data were subjected to an analysis of variance and measurements were taken on feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, and mortality rate.  Results showed that no significant differences (P>0.05) were found in all parameters measured.  The average feed intake was 4037.67±205.748 g, body weight gain was 1034.79±129.14 g/head, and feed conversion was 3.94±0.45.  The mortality rate was found to be 0% indicating no bird was found died in all treatment groups. Provision of commercial feed with a mixture of a solution of interest ginger flower is not able to improve the performance of male local ducks.Key words: animal protein, water poultry, feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion.

Comparative production performance of Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 broiler strains during tropical summer season

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Vinay Kumar Singh ◽  
Vinod Kumar Paswan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

In this study Comparative production performance of three broiler strains namely, Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 was explored in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh state of India. Experiment was conducted on 450 broiler chicks, 150 chicks of each strain with three replications of 50 birds each. The performance of the broiler strains were measured in terms of feed intake, body weight gain and FCR, dressing and mortality percentage. Their performance on the aforementioned criteria was observed, three times, at the age of 14 days, 28 days and 42 days during the experimental period. It was observed that there exists a significant difference in performance in terms of feed intake, live weight, body weight gain and FCR among the three broiler strains during the experimental period and even at each stage of experimental age of 14, 28 and 42 day. The mortality was also significantly different in each strain and at each stage of experimental age. There was a significant difference in the dressing percentage among the three strains of broilers at the age of 42 days. Results indicated that Vencobb-400 performed best followed by the Hubbard strain. Therefore, both Vencobb-400 and Hubbard broiler strains may be recommended as economic and more suitable for rearing in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh of India.

Effect of Microencapsulated Butyric Acid supplementation on growth performance, ileal digestibility of protein, gut health and immunity in Broilers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Imran ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
Y. A. Ditta ◽  
S. Mehmood ◽  
Z. and M.W. Zia Rasool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The effect of microencapsulated butyric acid (MEBA) on growth performance, ileal digestibility (ID) of protein, gut health and immunity was assessed in broilers. A total of 336 d-old Hubbard Classic broilers chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (Control, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 g/kg of MEBA). Each treatment was replicated three times with 28 birds/replicate. Feed intake, body weight gain, FCR, intestinal morphology, ID of protein and immunity was evaluated. At 35-d of age, three birds/replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect blood, duodenal samples, and ileal digesta. The Improved body weight gain (P = 0.05), FCR (P less than 0.01), duodenal villous height (P less than 0.05) and ID (P less than 0.1) were observed; whereas, unresponsive treatment effect with respect to feed intake (P>0.5) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease (P>0.05) were noted. The results indicated that MEBA improves digestion and absorptive processes which consequently improved the broilers performance.

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