Indigenous Education System: – Some Notes on the Guji Oromo Age Old Traditional Education Practices, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dereje Biru Adal ◽  
Mr. Mengesha Robso Wodajo ◽  
Haile Chuluke Digile
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Southern Ethiopia

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANCIENT AND MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM: WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
Parikshit Layek ◽  
◽  
Kumari Shubhra Rani Sil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Education System ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Educational Methods ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Directed Research ◽  
Ways Of Life

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, morals, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include teaching, training, storytelling, discussion and directed research. In ancient India, both formal and informal ways of education system existed. Indigenous education was imparted at home, in temples, Pathshalas, Tolas, Chatuspadis and Gurukuls. There were people in homes, villages and temples who guided young children in imbibing pious ways of life. A Gurukula or Gurukulam is a type of education system in ancient India with Shishya (students or disciples) living near or with the guru, in the same house. At the end of ones education, a Shishya offers the Gurudakshina before leaving the Gurukula.Over a period of time two system of education developed, the Vedic and the Buddhist. As the name indicates in the former system Vedas, Vedanta, Upanishads and other allied subjects were taught while in the latter system, thoughts of all the major school of Buddhism was taught.Vidyapeeth was the place of spiritual learning founded by great Acharya, Sri Shankara in places like Sringeri, Kanchi, Dwarka, and Puri, etc. Agraharas was an institution of Brahmins in villages where they used to teach.Modern education is very different from the traditional education.AryaSamajwas founded by Maharishi DayanandSaraswati on 10 April 1875.The traditional education and the modern education, both should be given equal importance.

Genesis, essence and structure of pedagogical technology “Cooperative learning”

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Nikita I. Khmarenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The 1960S

The emergence of pedagogical technologies and their mass introduction dates back to the 1960s. Reformation of the American and European schools was provoked by reinterpretation of the learning goals. However, the historical roots of some pedagogical technologies are much older than studies of J. Carroll and D. Bruner – renowned authorities in this area of research. One of these technologies is cooperative learning. Initially recognized as a key component of humanistic pedagogy of J. Dewey, this technology has been further developed in works of many Soviet and foreign scholars. In the 1920s, the works by J. Dewey had a serious impact on the reformation of the Soviet education system, which aimed to educate the entire population of the Soviet Union. However, for some reasons, the gradual introduction of cooperative learning into learning process took a break in the 1930s. Since the late 1990s, a serious pedagogical crisis has emerged in the Russian Federation, which cannot be mended by traditional education system; it encourages many teachers to look at the well-studied pedagogical technologies from a different perspective. Today the social order sets new requirements concerning a major breakthrough in training a person. Teamwork and analytical thinking skills, the ability to lifelong self-education and self-develop-ment require fundamental changes in the traditional education system. At the same time, for the successful implementation of pedagogical technology, it is necessary to resolve a number of issues related to the essence of the concept of cooperative learning and the definition of components. Research relevance is indicated, the historical roots and essence of the concept of pedagogical technology of cooperative learning are determined, examples of the practical application of models of this pedagogical technology are exemplified.

《臺灣蕃人事情》報告與日治初期官方原住民教育政策的形成

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (35) ◽  
pp. 065-080
Author(s):  
張耀宗 張耀宗
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Education System ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Official Report ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Appropriate Education

<p>本文主要目的在於從《臺灣蕃人事情》報告，來看日治初期官方原住民教育政策之形成。《臺灣蕃人事情》是民政部事務囑託伊能嘉矩和粟野傳之丞呈給民政長官後藤新平的覆命書，此覆命書係為實施蕃人教育預作準備。本書大部分內容由人類學調查所組成，可作為從人類學的角度看待教育的特殊視角。在蕃人教育措施準備上，覆命書中提及針對各族原住民「開化發達」的程度不同，給予適當之教育措施。對照日本總督府隨後原住民教育政策之發展，覆命書確實有其若合符節之處，也有差異之處。會有差異之處的原因，在於殖產部門所管轄的原住民區域，發展出與文教部門不同的原住民教育措施。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>The main purpose of this article is to analyze the relation between the formation of the official indigenous education policy in the early period of Japanese colony and the report &ldquo;The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples &quot;. &ldquo;The History and Custom of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples &ldquo;was the official report for the Chief of the Civil Affairs, Goto Shinpei, by two officials of Department of Civil Affairs, Ino　Kanori and Suo Chuanji. The purpose of survey was the preparations for educating indigenous peoples. Most part of this report was based on field study, which could help to see education from an anthropological perspective. For establishing an education system for indigenous peoples, it divided to the different levels of civilization of each different ethnic group of indigenous peoples, and then gave each an appropriate education. Comparing the subsequent development of the indigenous education system that Taiwan Governor’s Office of Japanese initiated, it found there were some similarity and difference between the official report and the practical policy. The reason for the difference based on the development of indigenous educational policy that was different from the educational unit in the indigenous areas under the jurisdiction of the developmental department.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Proposal for the training of flexible education in preschool and public educational stages in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan bint Ahmed bin Mishni al-Zahrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Flexible Education

The aim of this study is to recognize the flexible education system in primary education stages and preschools in the Arab world. Along with the justifications for acknowledging such a system، including its contributions in solving the issues of the school education system and its application methods. This study is based on both descriptive and analytical approaches to analyses the findings by identifying the justifications for acknowledging this system، together with previous studies and successful examples، and make comparison between the traditional education and the flexible education system and this study was the tool in observation and analysis the stories،pictures and videos of learning experiment for families who adopt flexible education system and apply that in two public education schools and twenty flexible education systems. This study formed from observation and analysis eight points : the objectives of the educational process، the teacher، the curriculum، student needs، teaching strategies، educational environment and its preparation،educational speed and evaluation .And determination the advantages and disadvantages to everyone from these eight points . The results of the study according to the eight points above show that the flexible education system in primary education stages and preschools is outperform the traditional education system . They also show the reasons and justifications to experiment the flexible education system and its application methods . According to the result the study confirm to apply the flexible education system in primary stages and preschools in Saudi Arabia to keep up with modern educational systems، and for its benefits to society as a whole .  

scholarly journals Pedagogy as Education to Active Thinking

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. e054009
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Segalerba ◽  
Oleg Yurievich Latyshev-Maysky
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Paulo Freire ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Common Point ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Dominant Class ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Political Foundations

   In our study, we analyse some reflections contained in the education thought of John Dewey, Paulo Freire and Peter McLaren. The three thinkers, with mutually different methods, have, in our opinion, as common point the intention to show that no education system is neutral in relation to the way in which societies are organised: all systems of education aim at the constitution of a particular kind of society through the formation of a corresponding mentality in the individuals. The ethical and political foundations of a society are mirrored in the education system: any reform of the society should, therefore, begin with the reform of the education system; furthermore, any reform of the society cannot be effective unless it is founded on the reform of education.  As regards Dewey’s observations, we concentrate our attention on his criticism of any education system based on the passivity of pupils and on the massification of students: Dewey steadily pleads for a system of education aiming at the individualisation of pupils. As regards Freire’s meditation, we point out Freire’s uncovering of the oppression exercised against the subaltern classes through the traditional education systems: the constant relegation of pupils of the oppressed classes to a condition of total passivity, which is the aim of the system of education described by Freire as the banking concept of education, destroys any sense and aspiration to autonomy in the pupils themselves. Self-depreciation of pupils is the result of the traditional system of education. McLaren points out that a correct system of education should have as its own aim the self-transformation and the empowerment of the students: educators ought to uncover the relations holding between knowledge, which is always a social construct, and the interests of the dominant class. 

Developing Engineering Creativity in STEM Programs in Chinese Universities

2019 ◽  
pp. 273-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunfang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Education System ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Student Group ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
Stem Programs ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
The World ◽  
Education In China

This chapter aims to formulate a proposal of developing engineering creativity by problem- and project-based pedagogies in STEM programs in university education in China. It will introduce the increasing needs of engineering creativity in China, deepen understanding of the concept of creativity and engineering creativity, and provide a review of diverse models of problem- and project-based pedagogies in STEM programs. This further brings a discussion on how to develop engineering creativity in STEM programs in Chinese universities in order to overcome the barriers caused by traditional education system and culture. A series of strategies will be proposed including supporting student group work, designing interdisciplinary project, facilitating staff development, and developing creative communities, etc. Briefly, this chapter has the significance of developing engineering creativity in China both theoretically and practically, and also implies how to develop problem- and project-based pedagogies in STEM programs in other cultures around the world.

Advancing the Case for Indigenous Education in Multidisciplinary Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
Cynthia Juliana Celestin ◽  
Lynette G. Tyson-Noel
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Indigenous Education ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
21St Century Education ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Education And Development

This chapter addresses the situation where the traditional approach to education involves using foreign concepts and practices to the exclusion of authentic indigenous ideas. The history of Trinidad and Tobago and many islands of the Caribbean includes the rich cultural experiences of the original inhabitants. The authors propose that these cultural artifacts are genuine sources that can be used effectively as instructional approaches in multidisciplinary contexts. To further develop this argument, the researchers explore the concept of indigenous education as opposed to traditional education exemplified by apprenticeship, mentorship, and internship. They cite examples from educators in the Caribbean, New Zealand, and Australia, where indigenous practices are implemented and valued. Key concepts of inclusion, international collaboration, and multidisciplinary perspectives enhanced by digital technologies, underscore this innovative thrust in education. To balance their argument, the authors discuss relevant challenges and suggest ways for minimizing them. The formulation of the Innovative Initiative is framed by the theories and works of Bethel, Bronfenbrenner, Chesney and Bristol, Fullan, Gay, Ladson-Billings, Smith, Vygotsky, and Caribbean researchers such as Craig and Joseph. The chapter concludes with a call for the sustainability of indigenous educational practices as an important thrust in 21st century education and development.

Distance Education in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Ahmet Çetinkaya ◽  
Ali Murat Kırık
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Education

As the COVID-19 disease rapidly transmitted through interpersonal contact, it required people to avoid physical contact. Almost all countries in the world have suspended the education of children and youth, a highly active network, and switched to online education to reduce the spread of the virus. Distance education, unlike the traditional education system, has a structure that does not require students to be on a campus or be in the same environment with instructors. As the global epidemic broke out, the distance education system was reviewed, and a new education order started to be established. Students, parents, and teachers found themselves in a situation they were not used to before. In this study, the advantages and disadvantages of distance education are analyzed, hybrid and hybrid-flexible (hyflex) models are examined, the educational changes during the pandemic period as well as the anticipations of the post-pandemic period are reviewed, and lastly, future educational solutions are proposed.

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