scholarly journals Real-World Effectiveness of Ad26.COV2.S Adenoviral Vector Vaccine for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Corchado-Garcia ◽  
David Puyraimond-Zemmour‬ ◽  
Travis Hughes ◽  
Tudor Cristea-Platon ◽  
Patrick Lenehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Vector Vaccine

scholarly journals Initial Mix-and-Match COVID-19 Vaccination Perceptions, Concerns, and Side Effects across Canadians

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Adam Palanica ◽  
Jouhyun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Real World ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Psychological Perceptions ◽  
Mix And Match

Research indicates that mixing the first two doses of COVID-19 vaccine types (i.e., adenoviral vector and mRNA) produces potent immune responses against the coronavirus, but it is unclear how individuals may perceive these benefits, or whether there are different concerns compared to individuals who received two doses of the same vaccine. This research examines the demographic characteristics, psychological perceptions, and vaccination-related opinions and experiences of a large Canadian sample (N = 1002) who had received two initial doses of any COVID-19 vaccine combination. Participants included 791 (78.9%) who received two doses of the exact same brand and type of vaccine, 164 (16.4%) who received two doses of the same type of vaccine (i.e., either mRNA or adenoviral vector) but from different brands (e.g., Pfizer-BioNTech + Moderna), and 47 (4.7%) who received two doses from different types and brands of vaccine (e.g., Oxford-AstraZeneca + Pfizer-BioNTech). Results showed that, after the first vaccine dose, participants who received an adenoviral vector vaccine (e.g., Oxford-AstraZeneca) experienced the highest number of common side effects, and more severe levels of each side effect compared to those who received an mRNA vaccine (e.g., Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna). After the second dose, participants who received Moderna as their second vaccine experienced the highest number of and most severe side effects, regardless of whether they received Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, or Oxford-AstraZeneca as their first dose. Real-world implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Safety and Immunogenicity Study of Multiclade HIV-1 Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Alone or as Boost following a Multiclade HIV-1 DNA Vaccine in Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e12873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Jaoko ◽  
Etienne Karita ◽  
Kayitesi Kayitenkore ◽  
Gloria Omosa-Manyonyi ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Immunogenicity Study

scholarly journals Coagulopathies after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 May Be Derived from a Combined Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Adenovirus Vector-Triggered Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10791
Author(s):  
Ralf Kircheis
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Type

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic with worldwide 6-digit infection rates and thousands of death tolls daily. Enormous efforts are undertaken to achieve high coverage of immunization to reach herd immunity in order to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA, viral vectors, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus have been approved and are being applied worldwide. However, the recent increased numbers of normally very rare types of thromboses associated with thrombocytopenia have been reported, particularly in the context of the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 from Astra Zeneca. The statistical prevalence of these side effects seems to correlate with this particular vaccine type, i.e., adenoviral vector-based vaccines, but the exact molecular mechanisms are still not clear. The present review summarizes current data and hypotheses for molecular and cellular mechanisms into one integrated hypothesis indicating that coagulopathies, including thromboses, thrombocytopenia, and other related side effects, are correlated to an interplay of the two components in the vaccine, i.e., the spike antigen and the adenoviral vector, with the innate and immune systems, which under certain circumstances can imitate the picture of a limited COVID-19 pathological picture.

scholarly journals Real-world effectiveness of Ad26.COV2.S adenoviral vector vaccine for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Corchado-Garcia ◽  
David Puyraimond-Zemmour ◽  
Travis Hughes ◽  
Tudor Cristea-Platon ◽  
Patrick Lenehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Fold Reduction

In light of the massive and rapid vaccination campaign against COVID-19, continuous real-world effectiveness and safety assessment of the FDA-authorized vaccines is critical to amplify transparency, build public trust, and ultimately improve overall health outcomes. In this study, we leveraged large-scale longitudinal curation of electronic health records (EHRs) from the multi-state Mayo Clinic health system (MN, AZ, FL, WN, IA). We compared the infection rate of 2,195 individuals who received a single dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine from Johnson & Johnson (J&J) to the infection rate of 21,950 unvaccinated, propensity-matched individuals between February 27th and April 14th 2021. Of the 1,779 vaccinated individuals with at least two weeks of follow-up, only 3 (0.17%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 15 days or more after vaccination compared to 128 of 17,744 (0.72%) unvaccinated individuals (4.34 fold reduction rate). This corresponds to a vaccine effectiveness of 76.7% (95% CI: 30.3-95.3%) in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection with onset at least two weeks after vaccination. This data is consistent with the clinical trial-reported efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S in preventing moderate to severe COVID-19 with onset at least 14 days after vaccine administration (66.9%; 95% CI: 59.0-73.4%). Due to the recent authorization of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, there are not yet enough hospitalizations, ICU admissions, or deaths within this cohort to robustly assess the effect of vaccination on COVID-19 severity, but these outcomes will be continually assessed in near-real-time with our platform. Collectively, this study provides further evidence that a single dose of Ad26.COV2.S is highly effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and reaffirms the urgent need to continue mass vaccination efforts globally.

scholarly journals Risk behavior among women enrolled in a randomized controlled efficacy trial of an adenoviral vector vaccine to prevent HIV acquisition

AIDS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1763-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Novak ◽  
Barbara Metch ◽  
Susan Buchbinder ◽  
Robinson Cabello ◽  
Yeycy Donastorg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Efficacy Trial ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hiv Acquisition

scholarly journals Adenoviral vector vaccine platforms in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Andrade Mendonça ◽  
Reka Lorincz ◽  
Paul Boucher ◽  
David T. Curiel
Keyword(s):  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Adenoviral Vectors ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Vector Vaccine ◽  
Vector Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Full Consideration

AbstractAdenoviral vectors have been explored as vaccine agents for a range of infectious diseases, and their ability to induce a potent and balanced immune response made them logical candidates to apply to the COVID-19 pandemic. The unique molecular characteristics of these vectors enabled the rapid development of vaccines with advanced designs capable of overcoming the biological challenges faced by early adenoviral vector systems. These successes and the urgency of the COVID-19 situation have resulted in a flurry of candidate adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19 from both academia and industry. These vaccines represent some of the lead candidates currently supported by Operation Warp Speed and other government agencies for rapid translational development. This review details adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines currently in human clinical trials and provides an overview of the new technologies employed in their design. As these vaccines have formed a cornerstone of the COVID-19 global vaccination campaign, this review provides a full consideration of the impact and development of this emerging platform.

The failure to meet GMP on completely eliminating replication-competent adenoviruses in vaccines using the chimpanzees Adv will have disastrous consequences, since it is closest to HAdv species E known to cause respiratory and ocular disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ocular Disease ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Vector Vaccine

Chimpanzee adenovirus (Y25, Accid:JN254802.1) is being used in the ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield) vaccine [1] because it has low human seroprevalence [2].Closest to HAdV4 - respiratory and ocular disease causing speciesThis virus is closest to (95.36% identity, Accid:KX384949.1) to those found in HAdV4 respiratory infections with a ‘concurrent outbreak of coxsackievirus A21 among United States Army Basic Trainees’ [3]. In fact, it was first ‘identified by its association with outbreaks of acute respiratory disease in military recruits’ in the 1950’s [4]. A recent paper noted that ‘increasing infections among civilians are a matter of concern’ [5], including an outbreak of respiratory illness on 5 college campuses in the United States (2018-19) [6]. Also, 15 new HAdV-E4 strains were extracted from cases of respiratory and ocular disease in the US and Japan, indicating the cell specificity of this species [7].What cells will this adenovirus infect?The fiber protein [8] (the spike protein equivalent of the SARS-Cov2 virus) shows very high homology in the N-termimal (Fig. 1). There is no characterization of the human cells this Chimpanzee adenoviral-vector will infect to make Cov2 spike protein - but it surely will be respiratory and ocular cells.Previously, I have raised concern that the replication-deficient adenoviral vector, used to deliver SARS- Cov2 spike protein as a vaccine, could recombine with the homologous human adenoviral to generate a novel adenovirus+spike virus [9].Failure to remove the E1 gene would leave a live virus in the vaccineThe vector vaccine production process (making millions of doses) has known issues, especially the ‘rare appearance of replication-competent adenovirus’ [10], requiring strict GMP-compliance [11]. Brazil has raised similar concerns about the adenovirus-vectored-vaccine from Russia(Sputnik) [12]. This is essentially the E1 replication gene - which is supposed to be absent - but could be picked up from the human cell lines used to manufacture the vaccine doses. The failure to comply with this could lead to disastrous consequences, as these could cause all diseases the live virus could.How to detect - or stop thisMetagenomic studies could easily detect if such an event has occurred, while sequencing or PCR of the vaccine doses for the presence of the E1 gene could stop it from happening. Reports of negative Cov2 PCR with significant lung damage - or new symptoms like conjunctivitis strongly associated with this species of adenoviruses needs to be investigated in more depth

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