The Effect of Systemic Racism and Homophobia on Police Enforcement, Sexual and Emotional Violence Among Sex Workers in East London

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Platt ◽  
Raven Bowen ◽  
Pippa Grenfell ◽  
MD Sarker ◽  
Rachel Stuart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Police Enforcement

scholarly journals Effect of police enforcement and extreme social inequalities on violence and mental health among women who sell sex: findings from a cohort study in London, UK

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2021-055088
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Elmes ◽  
Rachel Stuart ◽  
Pippa Grenfell ◽  
Josephine Walker ◽  
Kathleen Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Client Violence ◽  
Police Enforcement ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ObjectivesTo examine legal and social determinants of violence, anxiety/depression among sex workers.MethodsA participatory prospective cohort study among women (inclusive of transgender) ≥18 years, selling sex in the last 3 months in London between 2018 and 2019. We used logistic generalised estimating equation models to measure associations between structural factors on recent (6 months) violence from clients or others (local residents, strangers), depression/anxiety (Patient Health Questionnaire-4).Results197 sex workers were recruited (96% cisgender-women; 46% street-based; 54% off-street) and 60% completed a follow-up questionnaire. Street-based sex workers experienced greater inequalities compared with off-street in relation to recent violence from clients (73% vs 36%); police (42% vs 7%); intimate partner violence (IPV) (56% vs 18%) and others (67% vs 17%), as well as homelessness (65% vs 7%) and recent law enforcement (87% vs 9%). Prevalence of any STI was 17.5% (17/97). For street-based sex workers, recent arrest was associated with violence from others (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.77; 95% CI 1.11 to 6.94) and displacement by police was associated with client violence (aOR 4.35; 95% CI 1.36 to 13.90). Financial difficulties were also associated with client violence (aOR 4.66; 95% CI 1.64 to 13.24). Disability (aOR 3.85; 95% CI 1.49 to 9.95) and client violence (aOR 2.55; 95% CI 1.10 to 5.91) were associated with anxiety/depression. For off-street sex workers, financial difficulties (aOR 3.66; 95% CI 1.64 to 8.18), unstable residency (aOR 3.19; 95% CI 1.36 to 7.49), IPV (aOR 3.77; 95% CI 1.30 to 11.00) and alcohol/drug use were associated with client violence (aOR 3.16; 95% CI 1.26 to 7.92), while always screening and refusing clients was protective (aOR 0.36; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.87). Disability (aOR 5.83; 95% CI 2.34 to 14.51), unmet mental health needs (aOR 3.08; 95% CI 1.15 to 8.23) and past eviction (aOR 3.99; 95% CI 1.23 to 12.92) were associated with anxiety/depression.ConclusionsViolence, anxiety/depression are linked to poverty, unstable housing and police enforcement. We need to modify laws to allow sex workers to work safely and increase availability of housing and mental health services.

Depression Rates and Its Relation to High-Risk Behaviors Among Women Street-Sex Workers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyllymar Colon ◽  
Vivian Tamayo-Agrait ◽  
Isaedmarie Febo ◽  
Paola Piovanetti ◽  
Michelle Pico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
High Risk Behaviors

Contributors to posttraumatic stress symptoms in women sex workers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Alschech ◽  
Cheryl Regehr ◽  
Carmen H. Logie ◽  
Michael C. Seto
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Faktor Predisposisi Dan Pemungkin Perilaku Penggunaan Kondom Padapelanggan WPS Di Semampir Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
Shinta Kristianti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Influential Variable ◽  
Use Behavior

Transmission of HIV-AIDS in Indonesia is growing fast, one of the triggers are due to risky sexual behavior, including sexual behavior in FSW’s clients. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of condom use on the FSW’s clients in Semampir Kediri. This study used quantitative methods to the design of explanatory research with cross sectional approach. A triangulation of qualitative data used to support the results of quantitative analysis were excavated from WPS and pimps as a cross check answers FSW’s clients, the means used was to in-depth interviews and FGDs (Focus Group Discussion) on the FSW and pimps. Sample size was 66 people. Univariate data analysis, with chi-square bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results showed most respondents (71.2%) behave consistent in using condoms.Variables related to condom use behavior in FSW were knowledge, perception of vulnerability, severity perceived, benefits perceived, barriers perceived and perceived ability to self (self-efficacy), the availability of condoms, condom regulation, support of friends and support of FSW. Support of friend was the most influential variable on the practice of using condoms to FSW’s clients and the OR value was 19.218.; Key words: female sex workers (FSW), FSW’s clients, condom, consistent 

Talking Loud and Saying Nothing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth F. Desnoyers-Colas
Keyword(s):  
Campus Climate ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
White Administrators ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Predominantly White Institution ◽  
The Road ◽  
White Institution ◽  
White Allies

The road a predominantly white institution (PWI) takes to maximize diversity, inclusion, and equity can be fraught with challenges. One midsize institution learned through an assessment of its campus climate that its institutional practices and arrangements impeded diversity, inclusion, and equity despite white administrators' beliefs to the contrary. To help quell systemic racism habits, monthly campus-wide workshops focused on several key racial injustice habits and hurtful microaggressions generated from white privilege. A faux social justice allure to white allies who considered themselves advocates of nondominant people is one that should ultimately call into question the genuineness and true nature of their support. This semi-autoethnographic essay is a plaintive call to white colleagues in the academy to earnestly acknowledge white privilege and to use it to actively fight the destructive force of racial battle fatigue and institutional racism.

Reply to Connor and Evers (2020): Critique of the Bias of Crowds Model Simply Restates the Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Payne ◽  
Heidi A. Vuletich ◽  
Kristjen B. Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Bias ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
The Individual

The Bias of Crowds model (Payne, Vuletich, & Lundberg, 2017) argues that implicit bias varies across individuals and across contexts. It is unreliable and weakly associated with behavior at the individual level. But when aggregated to measure context-level effects, the scores become stable and predictive of group-level outcomes. We concluded that the statistical benefits of aggregation are so powerful that researchers should reconceptualize implicit bias as a feature of contexts, and ask new questions about how implicit biases relate to systemic racism. Connor and Evers (2020) critiqued the model, but their critique simply restates the core claims of the model. They agreed that implicit bias varies across individuals and across contexts; that it is unreliable and weakly associated with behavior at the individual level; and that aggregating scores to measure context-level effects makes them more stable and predictive of group-level outcomes. Connor and Evers concluded that implicit bias should be considered to really be noisily measured individual construct because the effects of aggregation are merely statistical. We respond to their specific arguments and then discuss what it means to really be a feature of persons versus situations, and multilevel measurement and theory in psychological science more broadly.

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