scholarly journals Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut: Kajian Teologi Ekofeminisme

Author(s):  
Tanda Pinem

Smog disaster in Sumatera and Kalimantan Island that came from forest and land burnings showed many interconnected factors. Governmental ideologies factor in development era (e.g. modernization, industrialization, and capitalization in order to increase economics development), lands problems as an impact of development ideologies, corruption, and prestige culture in society (e.g. consumerism, wealthy, succedness, and honor greediness) had participation in this disaster. From the perspective of ecofeminism, this ecological crisis came from an ideology named anthroposentrism, which also an androsentrism. Human interests that became priority in industrial society, especially men who held economics and politics power, was the cause of these ecological damages. The nature of patriarchal system is domination and exploitation who derived from hierarchal dualistic ideology become sources of ecological damage. In this context, economic development factor and life progress became main concern. Finally nature being grinded and became tools to achieve human interests (anthroposentrism). However, in this context women felt chaos very deeply. Women worked to produce family needs with nature. The damage of nature made women work harder. By seeing these conditions, we were invited by ecofeminism to do radical awareness transformation. This transformation was based on the understanding of our local wisdom.

2003 ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
V. Maevsky ◽  
B. Kuzyk

A project for the long-term strategy of Russian break-through into post-industrial society is suggested which is directed at transformation of the hi-tech complex into the leading factor of economic development. The thesis is substantiated that there is an opportunity to realize such a strategy in case Russia shifts towards the mechanism of the monetary base growth generally accepted in developed countries: the Central Bank increases the quantity of "strong" money by means of purchasing state securities and allocates the increment of money in question according to budget priorities. At the same time for the realization of the said strategy it is necessary to partially restore savings lost during the hyperinflation period of 1992-1994 and default of 1998 and to secure development of the bank system as well as an increase of the volume of long-term credits on this base.


2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Ageev ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Putilov ◽  
◽  

Changing the priorities of economic development in transition to post-industrial society inevitably causes reviewing approaches to the role of innovation in modern economy. If in the era of industrial development of society innovations are considered mainly as a factor of technological development, in case of a post-industrial society innovations should be considered in a broader perspective. Innovative technologies in all their diversity are being introduced not only in the technological sphere, but also in education, in the service industry, housing and communal services, life support sphere, etc. The problem of shifting regions and separate territories to innovative development approaches is one of the key issues in forming an economy based on knowledge. “Nuclear” cities, where development of nuclear technologies is implemented both for defense and civilian purposes (nuclear power plants, nuclear fuel production, etc.), can be ideally used as territories of advanced social and economic development (TASED) primarily thanks to human potential of these cities. The article analyzes recent humanitarian and technological changes, called the “humanitarian technological revolution” (HTR), and their impact on the speed and effectiveness of innovative changes in this area.


2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Mujib Ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Malik ◽  
Wisal Ahmad

The paper examined the impact of relational capitals on community economic development. For this purpose, the handloom business community was taken as a case study from Peshawar Valley. Data was collected through purposive sampling from169 handlooms firms. The results concluded that the impact of relational capital is significant, and the relationship is positive. This study hereby suggests that government and policymakers should invest in making ties and a strong network of firms within and outside of the community; hence with high investment in making strong social-relational capital can develop the entire entrepreneurial communities.


Author(s):  
N. Rogozhina

This article deals with the role of developing countries in strengthening the global ecological security, because the focus of environmental crisis has been shifting towards them. Taking into consideration the dynamics of their socio-economic and demographic changes, these countries will determine environmental situation in the world. Ecological crisis in developing countries is subjected to the industrial society formation that is accompanied by heavy demand on natural resources and pollution of environment. The author concludes that inevitable environmental costs of extensive economic growth are multiplied by continuing population growth and poverty increase. Today the developing countries are in extremely hard situation: they won’t overcome economic gap which is the main cause of ecological disruption without accelerating the development. But at the same time, the uncontrolled increase of economic production results in intensification of environmental crisis. It determines the urgent need to shift from the traditional model of industrial development relying on the postulate "growth first clean up later" to the model of "green" development. This economic concept is defined as eco-industrial revolution. In order to carry this task these states have to include the elements of post-industrial "green" development into the model of the industrial type development catch up. In its practical realization this model may cause further differentiation of developing countries and inequality on the global level. The emerging economics of the Asia Pacific region possess enough technological, financial resources and political will to join the "green world". But scarcely the poor countries of Africa or South Asia will demonstrate the same high interest in providing secure ecological development. Sustainable economics will probably facilitate entering the "green world".


The Death of Industrial Civilization explains how the contemporary ecological crisis within industrial society is caused by the values inherent in unlimited economic growth and competitive materialism. It demonstrates the central role and importance of electricity, and what policy makers need to do in order to ensure that current and future systems remain reliable even as they are transformed by the rise of clean energy technologies. The novel COVID19 pandemic has created an unprecedented global health and economic crisis. The result of such a scenario is that energy demand contracts by 6%, the largest in 70 years in percentage terms and the largest ever in absolute terms. The impact of Covid19 on energy demand in 2020 would be more than seven times larger than the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on global energy demand and this is what the Olduvai theory is defined by e=energy production/population. It states that the life expectancy of Industrial Civilization is less than or equal to 100 years.


Author(s):  
Mykhailo Krupka ◽  
Mariya Yaremyk

The article summarizes scientific knowledge about the innovative development of the economy. Currently, there are conflicting views in scientific papers on the conditions for the emergence and spread of innovation, especially in times of economic crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to reveal the views of scientists on the role of innovation in economic development and substantiating the principles of forming areas of financial support for innovation to overcome the effects of economic crises and strengthen the country's competitiveness. The study of the main fundamental theories of innovative development allowed to summarize the views of scientists on the relationship between economic development and innovation processes. Based on the theoretical views of scientists, two paradigms of post-industrial society have been identified, which are based on understanding the relationship between the nature of cycles of economic development and innovation, as well as the presentation of innovative development as a factor of economic growth. The analyzed theories of innovative development reveal innovations as an integral factor of economic growth of any society. The main reason for the cyclical nature of economic development according to the theories of innovation is the uneven nature of the introduction of innovations, which causes periodic violations of economic equilibrium. The study of these patterns makes it possible to justify the direction of innovation processes and develop a financial mechanism for their stimulation. Today, innovation should become a top priority in efforts to accelerate the economic development of states, which will ensure the implementation of intensified investment processes and the implementation of ways out of the crisis. That is why, in our opinion, the study and use of theories of innovative development in times of economic shocks should be the basis for developing a long-term innovative model of economic development.


2016 ◽  
Vol LV (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Johan Swinnen ◽  
Giulia Meloni ◽  
Mara P. Squicciarini

Author(s):  
Matthew McKeever

The nature of the relationship between economic development and income inequality has long been the subject of considerable debate. Economic growth has very different effects on poverty, depending on a country’s level of income inequality. In high inequality countries, economic growth that raises the overall level of income disproportionately tends to benefit the rich, whereas policies that encourage economic growth while reducing income inequality will greatly accelerate the achievement of poverty reduction goals. Thus, understanding how income inequality and economic development are linked is important for establishing economic growth policies that reduce poverty. The literature on the economic development–income inequality nexus in industrial society places emphasis on the causes of current social inequality. The central and most cited paper in the literature is S. Kuznets’s “Economic Growth and Income Inequality” (1955), which proposed an inverted U-shaped relationship between development and inequality over the course of industrialization. Some scholars have tried to build upon Kuznets’s theory by focusing on his claim that income inequality is a function of the nature of regulations put on the market. Other studies deal with the importance of studying the relationship between democracy and inequality, the effect of the nature of the government on shaping inequality compared to industrialization, and the implications of globalization for income inequality. This overview of the literature shows that there is little true consensus on the relationship between inequality and development and highlights two major areas for improvement: measurement and data quality.


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