scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Female Panic Disorder with Early Sexual Abuse History

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-148
Author(s):  
K. Kyung Min ◽  
◽  
L. Sang Hyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Marriage Education ◽  
Abuse History ◽  
And Coping

Objective: Research has accumulated over the past several years demonstrating a relationship between childhood trauma such as sexual abuse and female panic disorder (PD). Most of studies have generally suffered from methodological limitations, including small sample size and not controlling for psychiatric comorbidity and suicidality which can influence the clinical characteristics. This study aimed to investigate differences of demographic and clinical characteristics between female PD patients with (PD+S) and without early sexual abuse history (PD-S). Design and Method: We examined data from 101 patients diagnosed with PD. We divided the patients with PD into PD-S (69 patients) and PD+S (32 patients) to compare demographic (age, marriage, education, suicidality history, comorbidity) and clinical characteristics [coping strategies, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Panic disorder severity (PDSS), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ) - agoraphobia subscale, NEO-neuroticism (NEO-N)]. IBM SPSS version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: There were no differences between PD+S group and PD–S group with respect to demographics and coping strategies, BAI, BDI, PDSS and ASI. Compared to the PD-S, PD+S group showed higher levels of neuroticism (p=0.00) and agoraphobia (p=0.04). Conclusions: The current study suggests that female PD+S patients can be associated with neuroticism and agoraphobia. Therefore it may be needed to pay attention to the sexual abuse history in female patients with PD.

scholarly journals White Matter Dysconnectivity in Panic Disorder with Early Sexual Abuse History: A Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
S. Yu ◽  
◽  
S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Abuse History ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Brain

Objective: People who have experienced childhood abuse are more likely to experience frequent or generalized anxiety or panic disorder (PD). Although previous studies have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to demonstrate structural abnormalities of brain in subjects with PD, there are no study about the brain white matter (WM) connectivity differences between PD with and without early sexual abuse. The objective of this study is to compare the brain WM connectivity between PD with and without early sexual abuse history. Design and Method: Twelve right-handed patients with PD [12 women; 35.91±10.29 (mean±SD) age] who met the diagnostic criteria in Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV were examined by means of MRI at 3 Tesla. We divided the patients with PD into two groups with and without early sexual abuse to compare the WM connectivity. Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R) were administered in PD patients. Results: Tract-based spatial statistics showed that fractional anisotropy (FA) values in PD with sexual abuse history were significantly higher than PD without abuse in the right internal capsule, superior corona radiata, sagittal stratum, fornix. The scores of PDSS, BDI, ASI-R were significantly correlated in the above-mentioned WM regions. Conclusions: This preliminary study suggests that early sexual abuse could influence the connectivity among emotion related limbic structures in PD.

scholarly journals Stress and Coping Strategies among Management and Science University Students: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Redhwan AAN ◽  
Sami AR ◽  
Karim AJ ◽  
Chan R ◽  
Zaleha MI
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Family Problems ◽  
Lack Of Sleep ◽  
And Coping

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the associated factors related to causes of stress and coping strategies among university students. Materials and Methods: As a focus group discussion, it was universal sampling, conducted among 39 of Medical Science and Biomedicine students on their second semester from Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia. Three issues were discussed: firstly, how they define the stress; secondly, what the most important causes of stress in their life are; and thirdly, how they cope with stress. Verbal consent was obtained from all participants. Due to the small sample size, the data was analyzed manually. Results: Total of participants were 39 students, their age ranged from 21 to 26 years. Seventeen (43.6%) of the students were 21 years old and the majority were female 31 (79.5%). The most important causes of stress reported by the students were financial, lack of sleep, and family problems. In terms of coping with stress, the students were able to describe a variety of strategies to cope with their stressful situations. These included counseling services, doing meditation, sharing of problems, getting adequate sleep, and going out with friends. Conclusion: Most of the students defined stress as “a mental condition”. Lack of sleep, financial, and family problems were the most causes of stress among students. The students were able to identify some strategies to cope with stress.

scholarly journals AB0543 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A GROUP OF CHRONIC GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE AUTOIMMUNITY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1568.1-1568
Author(s):  
M. E. Acosta ◽  
L. Gómez-Lechón ◽  
O. Compán ◽  
S. Pastor ◽  
C. A. Montilla-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Eosinophilic Fasciitis ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Multidisciplinary Consultation

Background:Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a commonly severe multiorgan complication in patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic progenitors. Its chronic form reflects a complex immune response with different degrees of inflammation, immune dysregulation and fibrosis. In some chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) patients, positive antibodies have been detected, which represent the presence of immune activity and suggest the possible involvement of B lymphocytes in the disease etiopathogenesis, but their clinical utility is controversial.Objectives:To describe the clinical characteristics of a group of cGVHD patients with positive autoimmunity treated in a multidisciplinary consultation of Rheumatology-Dermatology- Hematology of GVHD.Methods:Observational and retrospective study to describe the clinical characteristics of the patients with positive autoimmunity collected in the database of the multidisciplinary consultation of GVHD. The variables reviewed for this study, in addition to the demographic ones, were type of antibody, disease causing the transplant, presentation, severity and type of involvement. The statistical analysis was done with Epi-info 7.2.2.6.Results:Only 16 (16%) of the 100 patients included in the database had positive autoimmunity. Twelve (75%) tested positive to ANA, although 5 (31.25%) in a lower titer (1/80). The most common immunofluorescence pattern was the nucleolar in 88.89% (66.67% nucleolar and 22.22% nucleolar + cytoplasmic). Other antibodies detected were: 6 anti-Ro52, 2 anti-dsDNA, 1 anti-RP155, 1 anti-Fibrillarin, 1 anti-SAE1, 1 p-ANCA and 1 anti-NOR-90. The mean of age was 51.31±14.03 years. As for sex 4 (25%) were female and 12 (75%) were men. The most frequent disease that caused the transplant was acute myeloid leukemia (58.3%). Ten (62.5%) patients presented de novo cGVHD, 1 (6.25%) progressive and 5 (31.25%) quiescent. The time since receiving the transplant until the first visit was 14 to 79 months. Ten (62.5%) patients had nonspecific symptoms (arthralgia and myalgia), 2 (12.5%) edema, 8 (50%) contractures, 8 (50%) fasciitis and 6 (37.5%) eosinophilia. Eight (50%) patients had ocular involvement and 6 (37.5%) of the oral mucosa in the form of dry syndrome (Sjögren-like syndrome). Ten (62.5%) patients had limitation of joint mobility detected by the range of motion scale (ROM), of which 6 were mild and 4 moderate. Only 5 (31.25%) patients had general condition impairment. As for the skin involvement 10 (62.5%) patients had sclerodermiform involvement (8 of them being eosinophilic fasciitis- like), 2 (12.5%) lichenoid, and 3 (18.5%) mixed (sclerodermiform + lichenoid). Only 1 patient didn´t meet diagnostic criteria for GVHD. The sclerodermiform was the most common type of involvement in the positive ANA patients. Regarding the severity according to the of the American National Institute of Health (NIH) classification: 8 (50%) had serious affectation, 5 (31.25%) moderate and 2 (12.5%) mild, with 4 (25%) exitus.Conclusion:In our cohort of patients with cGVHD, serum detection of autoantibodies is uncommon, being the ANA with nucleolar pattern the most frequent. Although the small sample size does not allow correlations with the clinical variables it´s worth highlighting a greater positivity of autoantibodies in the sclerodermiform skin forms.References:[1]Kuzmina Z et al. Clinical significance of autoantibodies in a large cohort of patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease defined by NIH criteria. Am J Hematol. 2015 February; 90(2): 114–119.[2]Rhoades R, Gaballa S. The Role of B Cell Targeting in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease, Biomedicines 2017, 5, 61: 2-10Disclosure of Interests:Maria Elisa Acosta: None declared, Luis Gómez-Lechón: None declared, Olga Compán: None declared, Sonia Pastor: None declared, Carlos A. Montilla-Morales: None declared, Olga Martínez González: None declared, Ana Isabel Turrión: None declared, Javier del Pino Grant/research support from: Roche, Bristol, Consultant of: Gedeon, Cristina Hidalgo: None declared

Group-Based Interventions and Test-Taking Anxiety in Male College Students of Varied Ethnicities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Sylvia Lindinger-Sternar ◽  
◽  
Chelsie Dollar ◽  
Sachin Jain ◽  
Jared Roberts
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Male College ◽  
Preliminary Study

You are here: Home › Abstracts › Abstracts – Volume 12, Number 1, May 2020 › Group-Based Interventions and Test-Taking Anxiety in Male College Students of Varied Ethnicities doi 10.9769/EPJ.2020.12.1.SLS Sylvia Lindinger-Sternart, University of Providence, Great Falls,Montana, USA Chelsie Dollar, Great Falls, Montana, USA Sachin Jain, University of Providence, Montana, USA Jared Roberts, University of Providence, Montana, USA Abstract Purpose: Panic disorder is a disabling condition associated with reduced quality of life and impaired functioning. It is one of the most common mental health conditions in the United States and several European countries, and causes a significant burden of disease on impacted families. Typically, women have double the prevalence rate of anxiety-related disorders as compared to men. This preliminary study aimed to explore whether Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) offers potential as a treatment to reduce fear of future panic attacks in women who suffer from panic attacks. Eight women participated in the study. Outcomes were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress(SUD) scale and the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale(PAS). Results indicated reductions in both SUD and PAS scores at pre- and post-intervention, though not statistically significant, likely due to the small sample size. Nonetheless, the findings of this study support preliminary evidence that EFT may offer potential as a treatment for women with panic disorder. Further research to confirm statistical significance and long-term impacts of EFT needs to be conducted. Method: The current preliminary study adopted a one-group pre test, post test quasi-experimental A-B-A design, using the subjects themselves as their own control group. Results: The participants ranged from 35 to 53 years of age with a mean age of 43.75 years (SD 5.82) and median of 44 years, which is consistent with the literature that anxiety and panic encompasses all age brackets (Flint & Gagnon, 2003; Smoller et al., 2003; Yonkers, Bruce, Dyck, & Keller, 2003; Yonkers et al., 1998). Eight participants completed the demographic questionnaire, which included medications taken daily. Although all the participants were on medications, only five participants took medication for anxiety. Several different types of medicines or supplements were used by participants such as SSRIs, benzodiazepines, and magnesium, which is consistent with standards and guidelines for treating anxiety and panic disorders (Faria et al., 2012; Flint & Gagnon, 2003; Van Apeldoorn et al., 2014). Among the treatments besides medications, the most popular intervention was yoga and deep breathing. Participants reported an average caffeine intake of 1.125 cups per day (SD 1.13) with a range of 0 to 3 cups per day and median of 1 cup per day. Participants’ caffeine intake was similar to consumption patterns of the general population and can be eliminated as a variable that may influence this study’s results. This approach is consistent with the literature from the American Psychiatric Association (2013). Conclusion: To date, this is the first research study completed to determine whether EFT can assist with the reduction of fear of future panic attacks in women. The results showed a decrease in the PAS scores from the first day to the last day after four 60-minute sessions of group EFT. In addition, the SUD scores also showed a decrease not only from start of each session to end of each session but also from the first EFT session to the end of the last session, indicating the participants’ fear of having a future panic attack decreased from the first session to the last session. Statistically significant results were not obtained, however, likely due to the small sample size and high participant attrition rate. Nonetheless, this study offers preliminary support for the conducting of larger clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of EFT for treating fear of future panic attacks in women, as well as long-term impacts of EFT treatment on panic.

Abstract P139: The Relationship Between Tissue Sodium Storage, Immune Cell Activation And Salt-sensitive Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melis Sahinoz ◽  
Fernando Elijovich ◽  
Cheryl L Laffer ◽  
Ashley Pitzer ◽  
Thomas G Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Salt Sensitivity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Immune Cell Activation ◽  
Salt Depletion

Introduction: Salt Sensitivity (SS) of blood pressure (BP) is an independent predictor of death due to cardiovascular disease, but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Sodium (Na + ) is stored in the skin and muscle interstitium. This hyperosmolar Na + activates monocytes in vitro via oxidative stress with generation of isolevuglandin (isoLG) protein adducts that are immunogenic and activate the adaptive immune system. Methods: Five subjects with essential hypertension discontinued all anti-hypertensive therapy for two weeks before the study. SS was assessed by an inpatient protocol of salt loading (460 mmoL/24h) and salt depletion (10 mmoL/24h, plus furosemide 40 mg x 3). Muscle and skin Na + contents were measured at baseline (BA) by 23 Sodium magnetic resonance imaging ( 23 NaMRI). Urine and serum electrolytes, glomerular filtration rate and the % CD14 + monocytes containing isoLG adducts using flow cytometry were obtained at BA, after salt-loading (HI) and after salt-depletion (LO). All continuous data are displayed as median (interquartile range). Spearman’s correlation was used to test associations. Results: Median age was 54 years (44-55), 60% of subjects were female, screening systolic BP (SBP) was 140 mmHg (134-148), diastolic BP was 88 mmHg (84-99) and BMI was 35 kg/m 2 (30-39). SBP response to salt-depletion (salt-sensitivity index, SSI) varied from -13.8 to +1.8 mmHg. %isoLG + CD14 + cells were 48 (27-65) at BA, 55 (31-56) at HI, and 70 (33-72) at LO (p=0.594, by the Kruskal-Wallis test). The correlation between SSI and delta (Δ) %isoLG LO minus HI, was 0.86, [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.07-0.99] which may suggest conclusively as we gather more data that the greater the SSI, the larger the decrease in isoLGs by salt depletion. Muscle Na + content correlated with 24h urine Na + (BA) (r=0.90, 95% CI, 0.11-0.99), however, the correlation with BP, SSI or isoLGs was inconclusive, potentially due to the small sample size. Skin Na + content correlated with baseline %CD14IsoLG + (r=0.91; 95% CI, 0.12-0.99). Conclusions: Na + intake is a component of the determinants of muscle Na + . Skin Na + is associated with increased isoLGs in monocytes, a marker of immune cell activation. Variability in ΔCD14isoLG may serve as a biomarker for SS of BP in humans.

Resilience and coping strategies in cognitive behavioral group therapy for patients with panic disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Wesner ◽  
Andressa Behenck ◽  
Débora Finkler ◽  
Pedro Beria ◽  
Luciano S.P. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Group ◽  
And Coping

Analysis of Posts on Social Network Service related to Panic Disorder using Text Mining (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon-Ju Jeon ◽  
Sung-Man Bae
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Term Frequency ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Word Clouds ◽  
N Gram ◽  
And Coping

BACKGROUND Panic attacks have different clinical characteristics among individuals and countries, characterizing time, place, and symptoms are not clearly predictable OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze crucial keywords related to panic disorder and identify various clinical characteristics of panic attacks METHODS We collected 8,728 Twitter posts related to panic disorder from January 1 to December 4, 2020. First, we analyzed crucial and simultaneous emergence keywords related to panic disorder. For this, Term frequency, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, degree centrality, and N-gram analyses were conducted using Rstudio and TEXTOM and visualized as word clouds. Also, we classfied results of Term frequency for panic disorder into physical symptoms, triggers, time, place, affect, pathology, person, and coping. RESULTS First, depression, drugs, respiration, and stress were keywords related to panic disorder. Next, hyperventilation, palpitations, and shaking were common physical symptoms. Stress, sound, trauma, and coffee were also ranked high in terms of triggering situations. Additionally, in terms of time, morning, night, and dawn accounted for most of the time. Meanwhile, homes, schools, subways, and companies were ranked high as places of occurrence. Regarding affect, fear, tears, and embarrassment were also common. Furthermore, anxiety and depression were ranked high in terms of pathology. Finally, drugs and hospitals were ranked high in terms of coping. CONCLUSIONS These results help to understand the main characteristics of panic disorder and various aspects of unexpected panic attacks and are expected to be a basis for identifying the characteristic clinical aspects of panic disorder among Koreans.

scholarly journals Interrelationship of Posttraumatic Stress, Hassles, Uplifts, and Coping in Women With a History of Severe Sexual Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093547
Author(s):  
Marianne Torp Stensvehagen ◽  
Berit Arnesveen Bronken ◽  
Lars Lien ◽  
Gerry Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Coping

Experiencing trauma, such as sexual abuse, increases the risk of a negative health outcome. The aim of the present study was to compare two groups of female survivors of sexual abuse, one group with a lower indication of posttraumatic stress disorder (L-PTSD) and one with a higher indication of posttraumatic stress disorder (H-PTSD). We hypothesized that, with a history of sexual abuse, higher levels of PTSD symptoms would be associated with more daily hassles, fewer daily uplifts, and more maladaptive coping strategies, and that there would be more reporting of severe types of sexual victimization, less resourceful socioeconomic conditions and a lower level of emotional stability. A questionnaire, including measures of socioeconomic conditions, trauma experience, emotional stability (the Single-Item Measures of Personality), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL), daily hassles and uplifts (the Stress Profile), and coping strategies (the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced [COPE] questionnaire), was completed by 57 female users at nine support centers for survivors of incest and sexual abuse in Norway. The results show that the H-PTSD group reported significantly more daily hassles, fewer daily uplifts, and more use of maladaptive coping strategies. The L-PTSD group reported more emotional stability, fewer daily hassles, and more uplifts, and used more adaptive coping strategies. However, few differences were found between the H-PTSD and the L-PTSD groups with regard to severity of sexual abuse and socioeconomic conditions. The results on the hassle, uplift, and coping scales are potentially interesting from an interventional point of view. Major life events such as sexual abuse may be out of control for the afflicted victim. Appraisal of and coping with everyday events, however, can be affected and offer interesting possibilities for interventions directed at the survivor, her significant others, and professional helpers.

scholarly journals The relationship between quality of life and coping strategies of children with EB and their parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra J. Mauritz ◽  
Marieke Bolling ◽  
José C. Duipmans ◽  
Mariët Hagedoorn
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parent Child

Abstract Background Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic skin disorders that primarily manifest as blisters and erosions following mild mechanical trauma. Despite the crucial role of the parents of children with EB in managing the disease, studies focusing on the parent–child relationship remain a gap in the literature. To address this gap, the current quantitative study, involving 55 children with all types of EB and 48 parents, assessed the relationship between their quality of life and coping strategies. Quality of life was measured with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and TNO-AZL Questionnaire for Adult’s Health- related Quality of Life, and coping strategies were assessed with the Coping with a Disease Questionnaire. The majority of the analyses were descriptive and the results were interpreted qualitatively because of the small sample size. Results Overall, the quality of life of children with EB and that of their parents was somewhat lower compared with the quality of life of healthy children and adults. Children with EB who more frequently used emotional reactions and cognitive-palliative strategies to cope with the disease demonstrated lower levels of emotional and social functioning, while children who showed more acceptance and distancing showed higher levels of functioning on all domains. Parents who frequently demonstrated emotional reactions reported lower levels of social functioning and experienced more depressive emotions and anger. Parents who used more avoidance showed higher levels of positive emotions. Within parent–child dyads, acceptance, cognitive-palliative strategies and distancing were positively related. Children’s emotional and social functioning were negatively associated with their parents’ depressive emotions. Parents’ acceptance was linked to higher physical functioning in children, whereas children’s avoidance was linked to a lower level of anger in parents. Conclusion Children who are able to accept the disease or distance themselves from it appear to be better off in contrast to those who tend to engage in the cognitive-palliative strategies and expressing emotional reactions. Parents seem to be better off when they are able to use avoidance in contrast to those who tend to show emotional reactions. Further research is needed to substantiate these findings.

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