scholarly journals Gravitational wave probes of dark matter: challenges and opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Bertone ◽  
Djuna Croon ◽  
Mustafa Amin ◽  
Kimberly K. Boddy ◽  
Bradley Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Community Effort

In this white paper, we discuss the prospects for characterizing and identifying dark matter using gravitational waves, covering a wide range of dark matter candidate types and signals. We argue that present and upcoming gravitational wave probes offer unprecedented opportunities for unraveling the nature of dark matter and we identify the most urgent challenges and open problems with the aim of encouraging a strong community effort at the interface between these two exciting fields of research.

scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities of gravitational-wave searches at MHz to GHz frequencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Aggarwal ◽  
Odylio D. Aguiar ◽  
Andreas Bauswein ◽  
Giancarlo Cella ◽  
Sebastian Clesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Ultra High Frequency ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe first direct measurement of gravitational waves by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations has opened up new avenues to explore our Universe. This white paper outlines the challenges and gains expected in gravitational-wave searches at frequencies above the LIGO/Virgo band, with a particular focus on Ultra High-Frequency Gravitational Waves (UHF-GWs), covering the MHz to GHz range. The absence of known astrophysical sources in this frequency range provides a unique opportunity to discover physics beyond the Standard Model operating both in the early and late Universe, and we highlight some of the most promising gravitational sources. We review several detector concepts that have been proposed to take up this challenge, and compare their expected sensitivity with the signal strength predicted in various models. This report is the summary of the workshop “Challenges and opportunities of high-frequency gravitational wave detection” held at ICTP Trieste, Italy in October 2019, that set up the stage for the recently launched Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Wave (UHF-GW) initiative.

scholarly journals Phase transition gravitational waves from pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter and two Higgs doublets

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Chengfeng Cai ◽  
Xue-Min Jiang ◽  
Yi-Lei Tang ◽  
Zhao-Huan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
First Order ◽  
Relic Abundance

Abstract We investigate the potential stochastic gravitational waves from first-order electroweak phase transitions in a model with pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter and two Higgs doublets. The dark matter candidate can naturally evade direct detection bounds, and can achieve the observed relic abundance via the thermal mechanism. Three scalar fields in the model obtain vacuum expectation values, related to phase transitions at the early Universe. We search for the parameter points that can cause first-order phase transitions, taking into account the existed experimental constraints. The resulting gravitational wave spectra are further evaluated. Some parameter points are found to induce strong gravitational wave signals, which have the opportunity to be detected in future space-based interferometer experiments LISA, Taiji, and TianQin.

scholarly journals Modern Topics in Scalar Field Cosmology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cari Powell
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Field System ◽  
Stochastic Background ◽  
Scalar Field Cosmology

The aim of this research is to use modern techniques in scalar field Cosmol-ogy to produce methods of detecting gravitational waves and apply them to current gravitational waves experiments and those that will be producing results in the not too distant future. In the first chapter we discuss dark matter and some of its candidates, specifically, the axion. We then address its relationship with gravitational waves. We also discuss inflation and how it can be used to detect gravitational waves. Chapter 2 concentrates on constructing a multi field system of axions in order to increase the mass range of the ultralight axion, putting it into the observation range of pul-sar timing arrays. Chapter 3 discusses non-attractor inflation which is able to enhance stochastic background gravitational waves at scales that allows them to be measured by gravitational wave experiments. Chapter 4 uses a similar method to chapter 3 and applies it to 3-point overlap functions for tensor, scalar and a combination of the two polarisations.

scholarly journals Gravitational Waves and Time-Domain Astronomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S285) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Centrella ◽  
Samaya Nissanke ◽  
Roy Williams
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Massive Black Hole ◽  
Compact Binary ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Binary Mergers

AbstractThe gravitational-wave window onto the universe will open in roughly five years, when Advanced LIGO and Virgo achieve the first detections of high-frequency gravitational waves, most likely coming from compact binary mergers. Electromagnetic follow-up of these triggers, using radio, optical, and high energy telescopes, promises exciting opportunities in multi-messenger time-domain astronomy. In the decade, space-based observations of low-frequency gravitational waves from massive black hole mergers, and their electromagnetic counterparts, will open up further vistas for discovery. This two-part workshop featured brief presentations and stimulating discussions on the challenges and opportunities presented by gravitational-wave astronomy. Highlights from the workshop, with the emphasis on strategies for electromagnetic follow-up, are presented in this report.

scholarly journals A Study on the Detection Method of Dark Matter using Gravitational Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (2) ◽  
pp. 022044
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Chenyu Yang ◽  
Xinen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Detection Schemes ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Matter Detection ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Dark matter is a type of invisible matter that analytically exists in the universe. Nowadays, scholars have yet detected it and confirmed its presence experimentally. Einstein predicted gravitational waves based on his general theory of relativity. In 2015, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) first detected the gravitational wave. This paper reviews the background of dark matter and gravitational waves and introduces the method of detecting dark matter with gravitational waves. Moreover, the feasibility of the scenario has been verified based on information retrieval and theoretical analysis. These results shed light on the future detection schemes of dark matter detection.

scholarly journals AEDGE: Atomic experiment for dark matter and gravity exploration in space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bertoldi ◽  
Kai Bongs ◽  
Philippe Bouyer ◽  
Oliver Buchmueller ◽  
Benjamin Canuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Cold Atoms ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Massive Black Holes ◽  
Wave Measurements ◽  
Extended Range ◽  
Quantum Technology ◽  
First Order Phase

AbstractThis article contains a summary of the White Paper submitted in 2019 to the ESA Voyage 2050 process, which was subsequently published in EPJ Quantum Technology (AEDGE Collaboration et al. EPJ Quant. Technol. 7,6 2020). We propose in this White Paper a concept for a space experiment using cold atoms to search for ultra-light dark matter, and to detect gravitational waves in the frequency range between the most sensitive ranges of LISA and the terrestrial LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA/INDIGO experiments. This interdisciplinary experiment, called Atomic Experiment for Dark Matter and Gravity Exploration (AEDGE), will also complement other planned searches for dark matter, and exploit synergies with other gravitational wave detectors. We give examples of the extended range of sensitivity to ultra-light dark matter offered by AEDGE, and how its gravitational-wave measurements could explore the assembly of super-massive black holes, first-order phase transitions in the early universe and cosmic strings. AEDGE will be based upon technologies now being developed for terrestrial experiments using cold atoms, and will benefit from the space experience obtained with, e.g., LISA and cold atom experiments in microgravity.

scholarly journals Gravitational waves and dark photon dark matter from axion rotations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond T. Co ◽  
Keisuke Harigaya ◽  
Aaron Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Complex Field ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
Pulsar Timing

Abstract An axion rotating in field space can produce dark photons in the early universe via tachyonic instability. This explosive particle production creates a background of stochastic gravitational waves that may be visible at pulsar timing arrays or other gravitational wave detectors. This scenario provides a novel history for dark photon dark matter. The dark photons may be warm at a level detectable in future 21-cm line surveys. For a consistent cosmology, the radial direction of the complex field containing the axion must be thermalized. We explore a concrete thermalization mechanism in detail and also demonstrate how this setup can be responsible for the generation of the observed baryon asymmetry.

scholarly journals Dark-matter QCD-axion searches

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (40) ◽  
pp. 12278-12281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Normal Matter ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Particle Dark Matter ◽  
The Big Bang

In the late 20th century, cosmology became a precision science. Now, at the beginning of the next century, the parameters describing how our universe evolved from the Big Bang are generally known to a few percent. One key parameter is the total mass density of the universe. Normal matter constitutes only a small fraction of the total mass density. Observations suggest this additional mass, the dark matter, is cold (that is, moving nonrelativistically in the early universe) and interacts feebly if at all with normal matter and radiation. There’s no known such elementary particle, so the strong presumption is the dark matter consists of particle relics of a new kind left over from the Big Bang. One of the most important questions in science is the nature of this dark matter. One attractive particle dark-matter candidate is the axion. The axion is a hypothetical elementary particle arising in a simple and elegant extension to the standard model of particle physics that nulls otherwise observable CP-violating effects (where CP is the product of charge reversal C and parity inversion P) in quantum chromo dynamics (QCD). A light axion of mass 10−(6–3) eV (the invisible axion) would couple extraordinarily weakly to normal matter and radiation and would therefore be extremely difficult to detect in the laboratory. However, such an axion is a compelling dark-matter candidate and is therefore a target of a number of searches. Compared with other particle dark-matter candidates, the plausible range of axion dark-matter couplings and masses is narrowly constrained. This focused search range allows for definitive searches, where a nonobservation would seriously impugn the dark-matter QCD-axion hypothesis. Axion searches use a wide range of technologies, and the experiment sensitivities are now reaching likely dark-matter axion couplings and masses. This article is a selective overview of the current generation of sensitive axion searches. Not all techniques and experiments are discussed, but I hope to give a sense of the current experimental landscape of the search for dark-matter axions.

scholarly journals Gravitational waves: A review on the future astronomy

2022 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Rabinarayan Swain ◽  
Priyasmita Panda ◽  
Hena Priti Lima ◽  
Bijayalaxmi Kuanar ◽  
Biswajit Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Different Sources

Detection of Gravitational waves opened a new path for cosmological study in a new approach. From the detection of gravitational waves signal by advanced LIGO, its research climbed the peak. After the collaboration of LIGO and Virgo, several observations get collected from different sources of binary systems like black holes, binary neutron stars even both binary black hole and neutron star. The rigorous detection of gravitational signals may provide an additional thrust in the study of complex binary systems, dark matter, dark energy, Hubble constant, etc. In this review paper, we went through multiple research manuscripts to analyze gravitational wave signals. Here we have reviewed the history and current situation of gravitational waves detection, and we explained the concept and process of detection. Also, we go through different parts of a detector and their working. Then multiple gravitational wave signals are focused, originated from various sources and then found correlation between them. From this, the contribution of gravitational waves in different fields like complex binary systems (black holes, neutron stars), dark matter, dark energy and Hubble Constant have been discussed in this manuscript.

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