scholarly journals THE 1986 LAKENYOSGAS DISASTER IN CAMEROON:CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS ON SURVIVORS AND THE LIVESTOCK ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 1114-1120
Author(s):  
Kimah Comfort Sjinkwe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pastoral Cattle ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lake Nyos ◽  
Cattle Rearing ◽  
Post Disaster

This paper seeks to examine how the Lake Nyos gas disaster of 21 August 1986 affectedlivestock production and cattle rearing within the environment of Subum, Cha and Nyos. It brings to the forefront, the post-disaster effects onthe pastoral cattle rearing community. Thepolicies and strategies put forth by the various stakeholdersat the national and international levels have partially addressed some of the worries posed by this disaster, even thoughthe area is still in dire need of government and humanitarian support to improve onthe sector.The paper argues that, the resettlement of these livestock breeders could improvethis sector and render the environment sustainable for human habitation. Gleaned from a wide range of primary and secondary sources, the paper concludes that there isabsolute need for the government of Cameroon to tackle these long-term difficulties faced by these communities and to develop an effective livestock policy geared towards improving the livelihoods of the people around Lake Nyos.

scholarly journals THE 1986 LAKENYOSGAS DISASTER IN CAMEROON:CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS ON SURVIVORS AND THE LIVESTOCK ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 862-868
Author(s):  
Kimah Comfort Sjinkwe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pastoral Cattle ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lake Nyos ◽  
Cattle Rearing ◽  
Post Disaster

This paper seeks to examine how the Lake Nyos gas disaster of 21 August 1986 affectedlivestock production and cattle rearing within the environment of Subum, Cha and Nyos. It brings to the forefront, the post-disaster effects onthe pastoral cattle rearing community. Thepolicies and strategies put forth by the various stakeholdersat the national and international levels have partially addressed some of the worries posed by this disaster, even thoughthe area is still in dire need of government and humanitarian support to improve onthe sector.The paper argues that, the resettlement of these livestock breeders could improvethis sector and render the environment sustainable for human habitation. Gleaned from a wide range of primary and secondary sources, the paper concludes that there isabsolute need for the government of Cameroon to tackle these long-term difficulties faced by these communities and to develop an effective livestock policy geared towards improving the livelihoods of the people around Lake Nyos.

Long-term Planning: Its Importance in the Effective Administration of Social Change

1954 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Annette Rosenstiel
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Government

In its program for underdeveloped areas, the United Nations faces on a large scale the need to effect concrete adaptations of the habits of indigenous peoples to modern knowledge and technology. Research to determine the best methods of procedure has disclosed that, in certain areas, previous attempts on the part of administrators to introduce innovations and make changes which could not be integrated into the cultural pattern of the indigenous people proved unsatisfactory to them and costly to the government concerned. In most cases, changes in diet, crops and habits of work—let alone the introduction of industrial disciplines—may not be pressed down like a cookie-cutter on a going society. The administration of change often proves a disconcertingly stubborn affair, exasperating both to the administrator and to the people whom he seeks to catch up into the ways of "progress."

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey assessing the preparedness of the long-term care sector to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Yu-Hin Siu ◽  
Lorand Kristof ◽  
Dawn Elston ◽  
Abe Hafid ◽  
Fred Mather
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a significant public health emergency that impacts all sectors of healthcare. The negative health outcomes for the COVID-19 infection have been most severe in the frail elderly dwelling in Canadian long-term care (LTC) homes.Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of Ontario LTC Clinicians working in LTC homes in Ontario Canada was conducted to provide the LTC clinician perspective on the preparedness and engagement of the LTC sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey questionnaire was developed in collaboration with the Ontario Long-Term Care Clinicians organization (OLTCC) and was distributed between March 30, 2020 to May 25, 2020. All registered members of the OLTCC and Nurse-led LTC Outreach Teams were invited to participate. The primary outcomes were: 1) the descriptive report of the screening measures implemented, communication and information received, and the preparation of the respondent’s LTC home to a potential COVID-19 outbreak; and 2) the level of agreement, as reported using a five-point Likert scale), to COVID-19 preparedness statements for the respondent’s LTC home was also assessed.Results: The overall response rate was 54% (160/294). LTC homes implemented a wide range of important interventions (e.g. instituting established respiratory isolation protocols, active screening of new LTC admissions, increasing education on infection control processes, encouraging sick staff to take time off, etc). Ample communications pertinent to the pandemic were received from provincial LTC organizations, the government and public health officials. However, the feasibility of implementing public health recommendations, as well as the engagement of the LTC sector in pandemic planning were identified as areas of concern. Medical director status was associated with an increased knowledge of local implementation of interventions to mitigate COVID-19, as well as endorsing increased access to reliable COVID-19 information and resources to manage a potential COVID-19 outbreak in their LTC home.Conclusions: This study highlights the communication to and implementation of recommendations in the Ontario LTC sector, despite some concerns regarding feasibility. Importantly, LTC clinician respondents clearly indicated that better engagement with LTC leaders is needed to plan a coordinated pandemic response.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Employment Vouchers: A Simple Approach

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Orszag ◽  
Dennis J. Snower
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hiring And Firing

Abstract This paper explores the optimal design of subsidies for hiring unemployed workers (`employment vouchers' for short) in the context of a simple dynamic model of the labour market. Focusing on the short-term and long-term effects of the vouchers on employment and unemployment, the analysis shows how the optimal policy depends on the rates of hiring and firing, and on the problems of displacement and deadweight. It also examines the roles of the government budget constraint and of the level of unemployment benefits in optimal policy design. We calibrate the model and evaluate the effectiveness of employment vouchers in reducing unemployment for a wide range of feasible parameters.

Earth-grab by corporate feudalism and how to go about resisting it

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiya Kumar Bagchi
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Will ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The need for a new economy is great and the obstacles are many: growing inequalities within and between nations and regions, new complicity between corporations and non-democratic political regimes and failure of workers worldwide to make common cause. There are alternative models, indicating that a more egalitarian approach does not necessarily reduce living standards. Environmental degradation cannot be addressed by a technological fix: the threat to our long-term survival is pre-figured in the impact of climate change and corporate rapacity on the land and sea resources of the indigenous minorities who live as humanity has lived for most of its existence. A 10-point plan for a follow-up to the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals is suggested, but it will work only if solidarity networks can be built across divides of ascribed race, religion and nominal income levels, to express the will of the people in place of the government representatives who are prepared to gamble the future of humanity for corporate profit and power.

scholarly journals Food Security: Self–Sufficiency of Rice in Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Mohamed Arshad ◽  
Emmy Farha Alias ◽  
Kusairi Mohd Noh ◽  
Muhammad Tasrif
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optimum Productivity ◽  
The Government

Malaysia’s stance on food security is largely translated in terms of achieving self-sufficiency in rice production at about 65-70% of the local consumption. Since Malaysia does not have the comparative advantage in rice production, it implements a wide range of market interventions to achieve the intended level of rice production. The policy instruments include among others: guaranteed minimum price for paddy, price control, price and input subsidies and import monopoly. These interventionist instruments may not be sustainable in the long-term as they incur a high budgetary burden to the government, misallocation of resources and liberalization demand from WTO. The industry faces challenges in terms of land competition for urbanization and industrial uses and declining soil fertility due to heavy use of chemical fertilizer. This paper examines the influence of the fertilizer and the cash subsidies, as well as land conversion and fertility on the level of self-sufficiency in rice. A system dynamics model is applied to analyse the causal and feedback relationships of these variables in the paddy production system framework. The study shows that Malaysia may not be able to sustain the targeted self-sufficiency level without adequate R&D to address the production constraints particularly below-optimum productivity and the threats of climate change. The consumption of rice on the other hand continues to rise due to the increase in population.   Keywords: Paddy and rice, Malaysia, system dynamics, policy analysis.

scholarly journals Educational Status of the Hill Kharias of Mayurbhanj District of Odisha in East India : A Psychological Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 2915-2927
Author(s):  
Fagu Tudu, Ratnakar Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Tribal Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Hill

Education in tribal societies has helped in maintenance of social structure and goal attainment for a sustained living. The Hill Kharias are the primitive tribal people of Mayurbhanj of the state of Odisha in Eastern India. The development of education of the Hill Kharia community/society of Mayurbhanj is the main aspect of the improvement of the primitive tribal communities of the state of Odisha. The Government of India issued directions vide the letter. No. 20018 5/81- ITDA dated 27th April 1980 for the identification of Primitive Tribal Groups, keeping in view the facts that attention to certain tribal groups’ backwardness. In India Hill Kharia is one of the primitive tribal groups living mainly in the forest and hilly covered areas of the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. Mentally, the people of Hill Kharia tribe of Mayurbhanj are very weak, because of lack of proper education, awareness, adequate foodstuffs, for which they are backward in present society. Odisha has possessed a distinct place in tribal history of India and it is the home of a number of different types of tribes. Different development programmes for education have been implemented through the different govt. or Non govt. agencies. On the basis of field study made by the earlier scholars including the present authors, the Hill Kharias are residing in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The aim of this paper is to focus on educational status of the Hill Kharias of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. Methodologically, both the primary and secondary sources have been used in the present article.

scholarly journals Prinsip-prinsip Islam Tentang Demokrasi : Studi Pemikiran Nurcholish Madjid Tahun 1970-2005

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-133
Author(s):  
Akmal Hawi
Keyword(s):  
Research Results ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Real Effort ◽  
The Government ◽  
Islam And Democracy

This article is a summary of research results written using descriptive and holistic methods. By reviewing primary and secondary sources to obtain accurate and clear data that contains: Islamic principles of democracy in the struggle of Nurcholish Madjid, Islamic Principles about Democracy in Learning Applying Islamic Principles about democracy in Indonesia. Democracy requires real effort from every citizen and its supporting devices, namely a conducive culture as a manifestation of a society's thinking and design to create democracy as a view of life in the country both by the people and the government. The regularity of the background, the importance of this article is discussed. This article will discuss more about discussing Nurcholish Madjid about Islam and democracy.

scholarly journals Learning Lessons, Challenges, Impacts & Solutions on the Path of Recovery from Covid-19 in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Poonam R L Rana
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The research study focuses on the impact of Covid-19 on Tourism in Nepal and looks into the challenges to face in the path of recovery and to bring to light the lessons learned from COVID 19. It is qualitative in nature including both primary and secondary sources. 50 respondents were chosen as samples. The results showed that, there was drastic impact on tourism sector affecting national economy, It has brought to light various challenges to be faced in path of recovery and the greatest lesson learnt is that the government should develop its health sector and the people should always be strong and prepared to face any disaster or pandemics at all times. Solutions are provided in form of recommendations.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey assessing the preparedness of the long-term care sector to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Yu-Hin Siu ◽  
Lorand Kristof ◽  
Dawn Elston ◽  
Abe Hafid ◽  
Fred Mather
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a significant public health emergency that impacts all sectors of healthcare. The negative health outcomes for the COVID-19 infection have been most severe in the frail elderly dwelling in Canadian long-term care (LTC) homes. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of Ontario LTC Clinicians working in LTC homes in Ontario Canada was conducted to provide the LTC clinician perspective on the preparedness and engagement of the LTC sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey questionnaire was developed in collaboration with the Ontario Long-Term Care Clinicians organization (OLTCC) and was distributed between March 30, 2020 to May 25, 2020. All registered members of the OLTCC and Nurse-led LTC Outreach Teams were invited to participate. The primary outcomes were: 1) the descriptive report of the screening measures implemented, communication and information received, and the preparation of the respondent’s LTC home to a potential COVID-19 outbreak; and 2) the level of agreement, as reported using a five-point Likert scale), to COVID-19 preparedness statements for the respondent’s LTC home was also assessed.Results: The overall response rate was 54% (160/294). LTC homes implemented a wide range of important interventions (e.g. instituting established respiratory isolation protocols, active screening of new LTC admissions, increasing education on infection control processes, encouraging sick staff to take time off, etc). Ample communications pertinent to the pandemic were received from provincial LTC organizations, the government and public health officials. However, the feasibility of implementing public health recommendations, as well as the engagement of the LTC sector in pandemic planning were identified as areas of concern. Medical director status was associated with an increased knowledge of local implementation of interventions to mitigate COVID-19, as well as endorsing increased access to reliable COVID-19 information and resources to manage a potential COVID-19 outbreak in their LTC home. Conclusions: This study highlights the communication to and implementation of recommendations in the Ontario LTC sector, despite some concerns regarding feasibility. Importantly, LTC clinician respondents clearly indicated that better engagement with LTC leaders is needed to plan a coordinated pandemic response.

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