scholarly journals Yield of maize grain and tropical grass species under intercropping management system using nicosulfuron herbicide in off-season cultivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1756-1763
Author(s):  
Armindo Neivo Kichel ◽  
Luiz Carlos Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Ademar Pereira Serra ◽  
Roberto Giolo de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Maize Grain

This research aimed to evaluate the maize grain yield and forage of grass species under intercropping system using nicosulfuron herbicide. In order to assess the parameters related to maize, a randomized block design was defined. The treatments were arranged in a (5 × 2+ 1) × 2 factorial design with four repetitions resulting in 11 treatments, where maize was cultivated under intercropping condition with different forage species (5) (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Piatã, Xaraés, Brachiaria ruziziensis and Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça) and maize monoculture (1) as control treatment, with and without nicosulfuron herbicide application (2) in two growing seasons (2014 and 2015). The off-season intercropping of maize with tropical forage grasses with and without herbicide suppression decreased maize grain yield. The suppression with nicosulfuron herbicide decreased the dry matter production of forage grasses. Intercropping of P. maximum cv. Mombaça with maize showed higher decrease in maize grain yield. On the other hand, it showed higher forage grasses production for livestock feeding. B. brizantha cv. Piatã was the forage which less affected maize grain yield under intercropping, even with absence of nicosulfuron suppression. Off-season maize under intercropping with tropical forages can be used to recover degraded pastures; increasing forage dry matter production for livestock, remaining the soil covered with straws with possibility of no-till seeding for the next cultivation.

Maize Grain Yield and Dry Matter Production Responses to Variations in Weather Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyuan Zhou ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Xuefang Sun ◽  
Xinbing Wang ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Maize Grain

scholarly journals Influence of glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of Panicum maximum cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzete Fernandes Lima ◽  
Leandro Spíndola Pereira ◽  
Gustavo Dorneles Sousa ◽  
Simonny Araújo Vasconcelo ◽  
Adriano Jakelaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Forage Species

ABSTRACT: The use of herbicide underdoses allows minimizing the competition of grasses on annual crops, enabling simultaneous cultivation. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of the initial growth of three Panicum maximum cultivars aiming at the integrated cultivation, in addition to the effects of forage species on the incidence and development of weeds. Three field experiments were conducted. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications and eight treatments consisting of increasing glyphosate doses (0, 54, 108, 270, 378, 540, 756, and 1,080 g a.e. ha−1). An atrazine dose of 1,200 g a.i. ha−1 was added to each treatment. Plant phytotoxicity assessments were performed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after application. At 80 and 125 days after sowing, the assessments of total dry matter production, leaf dry matter, stem dry matter, and leaf to stem ratio were carried out, in addition to density and dry matter production of weed community. Glyphosate underdoses below 215, 65, and 90 g a.e. ha-1 have a potential to be investigated aiming at the management of P. maximum cv. Atlas, P. maximum cv. Mombasa, and P. maximum cv. Tanzania under intercropping. The three forage species are effective in suppressing weeds.

scholarly journals Role of salicylic acid as foliar spray on hydride rice (BRRI Hybrid dhan3) cultivation in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Mohammad Issak ◽  
Most Moslama Khatun ◽  
Amena Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Matter Production

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA) as foliar spray on yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI Hybrid dhan3.The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and six treatment combinations as, T1: 0 μM SA, T2: 200 μM SA, T3: 400 μM SA, T4: 600 μM SA, T5: 800 μM SA and T6: 1000 μM SA. The results revealed that biomass production, dry matter production and yield and yield contributing characters were significantly increased due to the foliar application of SA. At the maximum tillering (MT) stage, the highest biomass production (15.0 t/ha) and dry matter production was observed in T3 treatment. Treatments T4, T5 and T6 showed significant variation on the effective tillers/hill. The maximum effective tillers/hill were found in the treatment T6. The percentages of spikelet sterility were decreased with increasing the level of SA and the percentage of filled grains/panicle were increased with increasing level of SA. The insect infestation was reduced with increasing level of SA to up to 1000 μM. The maximum grain yield (9.21 t/ha) and straw yield (9.22 t/ha) was found in the treatment T6 which was identical to T5. On the other hand, in all cases the lowest results were found in the control treatment. The result showed that grain yield of rice increased with increasing level of SA to up to 1000 μM (T6 treatment). Our results suggest that foliar spray of SA might be applied to increase the yield of hybrid rice in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(3): 157-164, December 2017

scholarly journals Corn production for silage intercropped with forage in the farming-cattle breeding integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veridiana Z. de Mendonça ◽  
Luiz M. M. de Mello ◽  
Francisco C. B. L. Pereira ◽  
José O. da R. Silva ◽  
Élcio H. Yano
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production

Corn cropping for silage, due to the plant material exportation, intercropping with forage provides greater ground cover and straw formation for the Direct Planting System (DPS) continuity. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn production for silage in DPS intercropped with four forages (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, U. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia and P. maximum cv. Áries). We applied three sowing methods (in row together with corn fertilizer; by no-till sowing simultaneously to corn sowing and at V4 corn stage) and corn without intercropping. The experiment was conducted in autumn/ winter of 2010, in Selvíria - MS, in a randomized block design in factorial arrangement (4 x 3 + 1) and 4 replications. For corn, we evaluated plant height, basal stem diameter, initial and final stand and silage production and for forage dry matter production. Morphological characteristics and corn yield were not affected by intercropping when compared to sole corn crop. Forage dry matter production sown in corn row with fertilizer is a highlight, which in addition to providing greater productivity, harnesses the operation during sowing.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and potassium supply and the morphogenic and productive characteristics of marandu palisadegrass

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1666-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Mahmoud Megda ◽  
Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
System Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Specific Length

The objective of this work was to study morphogenic characteristics, and dry matter production of roots and shoots of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) submitted to combinations of nitrogen and potassium, in a nutritive solution, employing silica as substrate. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse during the summer. It was used a 5² fractionated factorial scheme with 13 combinations of nitrogen and potassium, which were distributed in a randomized block design, with four replications. The nitrogen × potassium interaction was significant for the number of tillers and leaves, for leaf area, for shoots and root section dry mass, for total length and surface and specific length and surface in the roots. Production of aerial part dry mass positively correlated with the number of tillers and leaves and grass leaf area. Nitrogen rates modulated the root system development, and the root specific length and surface decreased when high rates of nitrogen and potassium were supllied. Nitrogen and potassium influence Marandu palisadegrass morphogenic characteristics, which are determinant for grass dry matter production.

scholarly journals Residual effects of superficial liming on tropical soil under no-tillage system

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Hideo Martins da Costa ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Jayme Ferrari Neto ◽  
Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tillage System

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the long-term effects of the surface application of lime on soil fertility and on the mineral nutrition and grain yield of soybean, and of black oat and sorghum in crop succession. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Oxisol, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of lime the rates of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 kg ha-1, applied in October 2002 and November 2004. Soil samples were collected at five soil layers, down to 0.60-m depth. Surface liming was effective in reducing soil acidity and increasing Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the subsurface. Moreover, it increased available phosphorus contents and soil organic matter in the long term (48 to 60 months after the last lime application). Surface liming improved plant nutrition, mainly for N, Ca, and Mg, and increased dry matter production and grain yield of the crops, even in years with regular distribution of rainfall. The greatest productivities of soybean, black oat, and sorghum were obtained with the respective estimated lime doses of 4,000, 2,333, and 3,281 kg ha-1, for shoot dry matter, and of 2,550, 3,555, and over 4,000 kg ha-1, for grain yield.

scholarly journals Associations Between Different Soil Management Practices, Soil Fauna and Maize Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Privado Martins ◽  
Glécio Machado Siqueira ◽  
Emanoel Gomes de Moura ◽  
Raimunda Alves Silva ◽  
Anágila Janenis Cardoso Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Maize Grain

Soil fauna play an important role in ecosystems, and in this context, it is important to better understand how the abiotic and biotic drivers of these organisms interact. We hypothesize that soil fauna are affected by different soil management practices, which has an influence on maize grain yields. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure of soil fauna under different soil management practices and their associations with maize grain yield. The experiment was conducted in Maranhão, Brazil, in an area divided into 24 plots of 4 × 10 m in a randomized block design with six treatments with four replicates (R). Pitfall traps were placed in the area. The treatments were Leucaena leucocephala-Leucaena (L), nitrogen (N), humic acid + nitrogen (HA + N), nitrogen + Leucaena (N + L), humic acid + Leucaena (HA + L) and humic acid + nitrogen + Leucaena (HA + N + L). The soil fauna dominance, abundance, richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and maize grain yield were determined. Formicidae was clearly affected by management with Leucaena, while Coleoptera was affected by management with nitrogen. Despite this, Isopoda and Diplura were the only groups associated with the maize yield. Although fauna abundance did not differ among treatments, it was related to the yield. This study confirms that the abundance and some taxa of soil fauna can influence yield and that these organisms can be used to increase agricultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Agronomic features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo under irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Ana Paula da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Roney Mendes de Arruda ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu ◽  
Alexandre Lima de Souza ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽  
Water Depths

This study aimed to evaluate how different irrigation water depths influence the agronomical features of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) cv. Roxo. Grass was cultivated in a pasture belonging to the Bovine Sector of the National Agrotechnical School of Caceres – MT. The experiment was a block design with five treatments and four repetitions. Treatments consisted of five water depths: 0 = 0% of available water (AW), 1 = 21% of AW, 2 = 34% of AW, 3 = 74% of AW, and 5 = 100% of AW. Evaluated features were production (dry matter ha-1), plant height, leaf/steam ratio, and stem diameter. Dry matter production of cuts from May and July increased linearly with increasing water depth (P < 0.05). Plant height increased linearly as water depth increased in the cuts of May and September, while the height of July cuts was 71.76 cm under an irrigation depth of 390.77 mm. In May, July, and September cuts, leaf percentage decreased linearly as water depth increased (P < 0.05). An increase of 1 mm in water depth reduced leaf percentage by 0.0936% (May), 0.0295% (July), and 0.0122% (September). Our results indicate that to improve dry matter production, May, July, and September cuts should be irrigated with water depths of 56.03 mm, 601.78 mm, and 577.65 mm, respectively.

Shade stress decreased maize grain yield, dry matter, and nitrogen accumulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 2768-2776
Author(s):  
Jia Gao ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Shuting Dong ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

Growth and yield studies of Lupinus angustifolius and L. albus in Victoria

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Boundy ◽  
TG Reeves ◽  
HD Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Matter Production

The effect of serial planting on dry matter production, leaf area, grain yield and yield components cf Lupinus angustifoiius (cvv. Uniwhite, Uniharvest and Unicrop) and L. albus (cv. Ultra) was investigated in field plots at Rutherglen in 1973 and 1974. Delayed planting reduced dry matter production of all cultivars, and leaf area for Ultra. Differences in dry matter partitioning were observed between the late flowering Uniharvest, and the early flowering Unicrop and Ultra. In Uniharvest, delayed plantings resulted in a greater proportion of total dry matter being produced during the flowering phase, whereas the reverse was true for Unicrop and Ultra. The later flowering cultivars showed marked grain yield and yield component reduction with later sowing. Yields were reduced by 160.6 kg/ha and 222.5 kg/ha for each week's delay in sowing Uniharvest and Uniwhite, respectively. This effect was offset in the early flowering cultivars by greater development of lateral branches. In addition, when Unicrop and Ultra were planted in April, pod and flower abortion on the main stem resulted from low temperatures at flowering time. Optimum sowing time was early April for Uniwhite and Uniharvest, and early May for Unicrop and Ultra. Excellent vegetative growth under ideal moisture conditions highlighted the poor harvest indices of lupins and the scope for genetic improvement in the genus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document