scholarly journals Competitiveness or complementarity: Analysis of agricultural trade between China and Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Fenghe Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Bric Countries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

The competitiveness and complementarity of trade reflect the advantages and disadvantages of exports and future trade trends. After China joined the WTO, the import and export volume of agricultural products has increased significantly, but the import volume and import growth rate have greatly exceeded the export volume and export growth rate. China is the world’s largest importer of agricultural products, and Brazil has become the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products. As a country with the largest increase in agricultural exports, China and Brazil have close agricultural trade exchanges. China has become Brazil’s largest importer of agricultural products for four consecutive years. In addition, both China and Brazil are BRIC countries; therefore, the establishment of a cooperation mechanism is more conducive to the development of agricultural trade. This study uses quantitative research methods to investigate the agricultural trade between China and Brazil by calculating the revealed comparative advantage index, trade complementarity index, and trade intensity index. The study found that due to the different endowments of agricultural resources and the significant differences in agricultural structure, China and Brazil’s agricultural trade competitiveness is weak and they are highly complementary. The main agricultural products exported by China are labor-intensive processed products (pulp and waste paper, textile fibers, vegetables and fruits), and the main agricultural products exported by Brazil are land-intensive products (oilseeds and oily fruits, vegetable oils, raw hides and furs). Complementary advantages in agricultural trade were analyzed. In the future, the two countries have huge potential for cooperation and development.

Article Commentary: Mixed Methods in Visitor Studies Research

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Yalowitz ◽  
Marcella D. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Visitor Studies ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Research Studies

In visitor studies, there has been some debate about the use of qualitative versus quantitative research methods. Many evaluators understand the advantages and disadvantages of both methods, but deciding on the most appropriate method can still be problematic. This article summarizes the tenets of both qualitative and quantitative methods and provides examples of visitor studies for each. It also reviews several research studies that have successfully used mixed methods to evaluate visitors.

scholarly journals The Influence of Delivery of Female Labor (TKW) on Family Social Economic Life in Way Jepara Sub-District, Lampung Timur District in 2014 - 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Martina Neviana
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Work Abroad

Abstract. The phenomenon of the large number of Indonesian workers (TKI) shows that the problem of poverty is so chronic, the limited work space for women in Indonesia makes them prefer to work abroad on the assumption that they just want to get a job and earn more than what they receive in the country. alone. The research method used in this research is quantitative research methods. The population in this study is Way Jepara Subdistrict which has sent 3045 workers abroad from 2013 to 2017. Indonesian workers, especially women, can improve family life. Female workers who have returned home can improve their skills so that they can become independent businesses in the creative household handicraft business sector and can process agricultural products so that they can support their families and no longer work as Indonesian workers (TKI).

scholarly journals The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches and Methods in Language “Testing and Assessment” Research: A Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Language Testing ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Language Testing And Assessment ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Assessment And Testing ◽  
Assessment Research

The researchers of various disciplines often use qualitative and quantitative research methods and approaches for their studies. Some of these researchers like to be known as qualitative researchers; others like to be regarded as quantitative researchers. The researchers, thus, are sharply polarised; and they involve in a competition of pointing out the benefits of their own preferred methods and approaches. But, both the methods and approaches (qualitative and quantitative) have pros and cons. This study, therefore, aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using qualitative and quantitative research approaches and methods in language testing and assessment research. There is a focus on ethical considerations too. The study found some strengths of using qualitative methods for language “assessment and testing” research—such as, eliciting deeper insights into designing, administering, and interpreting assessment and testing; and exploring test-takers’ behaviour, perceptions, feelings, and understanding. Some weaknesses are, for instance, smaller sample size and time consuming. Quantitative research methods, on the other hand, involve a larger sample, and do not require relatively a longer time for data collection. Some limitations are that quantitative research methods take snapshots of a phenomenon: not in-depth, and overlook test-takers’ and testers’ experiences as well as what they mean by something. Among these two research paradigms, the quantitative one is dominant in the context of language testing and assessment research.

Measurement and Analysis of Agricultural Products Trade Level between China and Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Zhang Fenghe ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trade Index

The analysis of intra-industry trade and inter-industry trade in international trade in different regions can fully explain the status of export trade and the advantages and disadvantages of products in different regions. The purpose of this research is to analyze the overall agricultural trade situation between China and Ukraine and the nature of the specific trade. To analyze agricultural import and export trade data between China and Ukraine, the author uses the Grubel-Lloyd index (intra-industry trade index) and the Brulhart index (the marginal inter-industry trade index in a specific period). The Grubel-Lloyd index measures the intra-industry trade of a particular product. The Brulhart index is closely related to that of intra-industry trade, that being the export and import of the same items, but concerns changes in exports and imports between two points in time as opposed to their values at a given point in time. The research is based on data for 2011-2020, which are contained in the UN Comtrade database. The research results show that agricultural trade between China and Ukraine is mutually beneficial. The difference in agricultural resource endowment and agricultural structure directly affects the trade of agricultural products between the two countries. The agricultural products exported from China to Ukraine are mainly unprocessed or primary processed agricultural products. Seafood, meat products, fruits, and vegetables account for a large proportion. The main imports are also primary processed agricultural products such as grains and vegetable oils. The agricultural product trade between the two countries is mainly based on intra-industry trade, and the difference in agricultural technology level is an important factor in determining bilateral agricultural exports.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors that Influence Agricultural Trade between China and Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tumenjargal Zagdaakhuu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Average Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Exports

Mongolia-China trade turnover has increased 250 times in 28 years. The two countries formally established diplomatic relations on October 16, 1949, which has now expanded to the level of a comprehensive strategic partnership. This paper seeks to study and analyse the factors that influence agricultural product trade between China and Mongolia and give recommendations which can create new possibilities for the expansion of bilateral agricultural trade that were established in 2014. We use Comparative analysis and apply factor regression analysis methods of econometrics and Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA index) of the factors affecting the trade of agricultural products between China and Mongolia were analyzed. Our results show that the development of China-Mongolia agricultural trade is faster than the overall development of China’s agricultural product trade, the average annual growth rate from 2001 to 2018 of China-Mongolia agricultural trade is 17.1%, which is 4.3% higher than the average annual growth rate of China’s total agricultural trade, average annual growth rate of agricultural 26 import from Mongolia is 5.7% higher than the overall increase of China's agricultural imports, average annual increase of agricultural exports to Mongolia is 2.2% higher than the overall increase of China's agricultural exports, agricultural product trade is highly complementary, RCA index shows that China's livestock products industry used have a 28 very strong comparative advantage in live animals, China's live animals competitive comparative advantage has continued to decrease and the index result has fallen below 1 and Chinese pay more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products. We make policy recommendations for promoting the development of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia and provide reference for the study of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia.

scholarly journals importance of quantitative research in language testing and assessment: in the context of social works

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
Md. Harun Rashid ◽  
Esra Sipahi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Language Testing And Assessment ◽  
Assessment And Testing ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation

These studies, in multiple fields, use many statistical analysis techniques and practices for these current studies. Some of these researchers like to be attributed to quantitative studies. Investigators are therefore intensely sharply divided, and they start competing to point out the advantages of their very own preferred techniques and technologies. However, both techniques and technologies possess pros and cons for all research teams. The objectives of this research are to know the advantages and disadvantages of using statistical research methodology for language measurement and evaluation. Focusing on ethical considerations, this study also found some strong points in the use of grounded theory for language assessment and research testing, such as the generation of more in-depth insights into the design, management, and interpretation of assessment and testing; and the exploration of behaviour, perceptions, feelings, and ability to understand of test subjects. A few other weak points are, for instance, smaller sample sizes and time-consuming quantitative research methods. However, on the other hand, they involve a large sample size and therefore do not necessitate a sufficiently long time to conduct. 

PENILAIAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MEMBUAT BAHAN AJAR DI SDN 005 KOTO SENTAJO

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusra Yusra
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nature Of Teaching

Teaching materials are one of the most important parts of the learning process and also prove that the teacher is professional or not, the nature of teaching materials is to provide convenience when conducting learning. This research is a school action research using descriptive quantitative research methods which in the results of this study are explained using numbers in the presentation. Place in SDN 005 Koto Sentajo Sentajo Raya Subdistrict Kuantan Singingi Regency with a total sample of 10 teachers. The results of this study will discuss three aspects of assessment in teaching materials, the first in the aspect of content feasibility illustrates that in the appropriate category there are 6 teachers with a percentage of 60%, and the category is very feasible with a total of 4 teachers with a percentage of 40%. in the second aspect the assessment of linguistic aspects in the feasible category with the percentage of 50%, and the very decent category 50%. in the third aspect, the evaluation of the presentation aspects in the category is feasible with a percentage of 20%, and in the very feasible category of 80%. Then it can be concluded that the teacher's ability to make teaching materials is good, and the making of teaching materials is appropriate for use in the learning process.

A Tale of Two Cultures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Goertz ◽  
James Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Worldview ◽  
Different Cultures

Some in the social sciences argue that the same logic applies to both qualitative and quantitative research methods. This book demonstrates that these two paradigms constitute different cultures, each internally coherent yet marked by contrasting norms, practices, and toolkits. The book identifies and discusses major differences between these two traditions that touch nearly every aspect of social science research, including design, goals, causal effects and models, concepts and measurement, data analysis, and case selection. Although focused on the differences between qualitative and quantitative research, the book also seeks to promote toleration, exchange, and learning by enabling scholars to think beyond their own culture and see an alternative scientific worldview. The book is written in an easily accessible style and features a host of real-world examples to illustrate methodological points.

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