scholarly journals Diagnostics of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with constipation

2021 ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
A. N. Kazyulin ◽  
A. A. Samsonov ◽  
Yu. A. Kucheryavyy ◽  
S. V. Cheremushkin ◽  
A. V. Gilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Balloon Expulsion ◽  
Balloon Expulsion Test

The purpose of the review is to acquaint general practitioners, therapists, gastroenterologists with the possibilities of diagnosing functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract associated with constipation, as well as to draw attention to the need for additional examination methods for a comprehensive assessment of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with constipation on pathogenesis.Functional constipation is an urgent problem today due to its prevalence among different age groups, a negative impact on the quality of life, as well as the variability of the clinical forms of diseases associated with this symptom. The modern diagnostic algorithm for chronic constipation consists of several stages, including the identification of signs of the disease, according to the Rome criteria of the IV revision (2016), the identification of symptoms of “red flags” and laboratory and instrumental research. It should be borne in mind that functional constipation is often based on the pathology of the anorectal zone, which is an important factor in the diagnosis and development of further therapeutic strategies. The article provides an overview of modern and promising methods for diagnosing functional disorders of defecation, taking into account functional disorders of the anorectal zone associated with constipation.Functional methods such as anorectal manometry, rectal sensory test and balloon expulsion test are the  most studied and obligatory tests for an objective assessment of the sensorimotor function of the anorectal zone. In Russia, these methods are used very little, which requires extensive familiarization of practitioners with the advantages of these techniques. Knowledge and application of the presented examination algorithms will help the clinician to increase the overall diagnostic efficiency and apply the most justified tactics of managing patients with functional pathology of the digestive system associated with constipation. 

scholarly journals The role of magnesium deficiency in the formation of functional constipation in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
T. M. Tvorogova ◽  
L. L. Stepurina ◽  
L. I. Elezova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

Pediatricians face a problem of functional constipation in children and adolescents in one-third of cases of observation. Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are based on disregulatory processes of the cortical-vegetative-endocrine complex. Magnesium deficiency is one of the factors influencing the formation of functional constipation in children, and an important link in the pathogenesis of the disease. Correction of magnesium level by means of magnesium-containing mineral water is one of the safe, effective and complex factors influencing a number of pathogenetic mechanisms of formation of functional constipation in children and teenagers.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Choice of Treatment Regimen in Constipation Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
I. V. Maev ◽  
A. N. Kazyulin ◽  
Yu. A. Kucheryavy ◽  
S. V. Cheryomushkin ◽  
A. Yu. Goncharenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rectal Sensation ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Balloon Expulsion ◽  
Functional Defecation Disorders

Aim. A practical review of functional gastrointestinal disorder diagnosis in constipation patients and the rationale for opting treatment.Key points. Functional constipation commonly afflicts different ages and negatively impacts the quality of life. The current diagnostic algorithm in chronic constipation includes the disease identification according to Rome Criteria IV, red-flag symptom detection and instrumental laboratory examination. Functional constipation is notably often associated with anorectal abnormalities that bear a diagnostic value to elaborate an apt treatment strategy. Anorectal manometry, rectal sensation and balloon expulsion tests are the well-studied and significant probing techniques for objective anorectal zone sensorimotor function assessment in patients with functional constipation. The article reviews modern diagnostic methods in functional defecation disorders.Conclusion. The examination and treatment algorithms presented will help improve diagnosis and apply the most suitable management in a constipation-associated functional digestive pathology.

IMPACT OF FACEBOOK ADDICTION DISORDER (FAD) ON STUDY HABITS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Shivani Vashishtha ◽  
Sona Ahuja ◽  
Mani Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
Study Habit ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
The Impact

With the present era being technology driven, social media has become an indispensable part of many people irrespective of their age. Among different age groups, the maximum users are adolescents and among different social networking sites (SNS), Facebook shares the major part of usage by them. Many adolescents are tending towards excessive usage of Facebook leading to its addiction. Does this addiction have negative influence on adolescents or it actually helps them to keep up with their counterparts and be socially connected to them for their betterment? This question is unanswered specifically when it concerns the impact that it has on the study habits and academic achievement of adolescents. The hypotheses were tested in order to explore the impact of six dimensions (mood modification, deficient self-regulations, salience, loss of control, withdrawal, and relapse) of Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) using Bergens' Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), developed by Andreassen (2012). The results are based on the survey conducted on 200 adolescents studying in different schools of India. The findings indicate that there is a significant negative impact of Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) on study habits and academic achievement of adolescents. The major implication derived is that the higher the addiction to Facebook the study habit become poor and academic achievement decreases resulting in lower grades.

scholarly journals A Multiphase Flow in the Antroduodenal Portion of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Mathematical Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Trusov ◽  
N. V. Zaitseva ◽  
M. R. Kamaltdinov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Food Density ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Food Particles

A group of authors has developed a multilevel mathematical model that focuses on functional disorders in a human body associated with various chemical, physical, social, and other factors. At this point, the researchers have come up with structure, basic definitions and concepts of a mathematical model at the “macrolevel” that allow describing processes in a human body as a whole. Currently we are working at the “mesolevel” of organs and systems. Due to complexity of the tasks, this paper deals with only one meso-fragment of a digestive system model. It describes some aspects related to modeling multiphase flow in the antroduodenal portion of the gastrointestinal tract. Biochemical reactions, dissolution of food particles, and motor, secretory, and absorbing functions of the tract are taken into consideration. The paper outlines some results concerning influence of secretory function disorders on food dissolution rate and tract contents acidity. The effect which food density has on inflow of food masses from a stomach to a bowel is analyzed. We assume that the future development of the model will include digestive enzymes and related reactions of lipolysis, proteolysis, and carbohydrates breakdown.

scholarly journals Specific composition of indigenous microflora (Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactococcus spp.) in farm animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
A. P. Paliy ◽  
S. O. Gujvinska ◽  
L. P. Livoshchenko ◽  
L. I. Nalivayko ◽  
Ye. M. Livoshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Indigenous Microflora

To maintain a stable composition of the gastrointestinal tract microflora in farm animals it is necessary to use probiotic agents to ensure the full functioning of the digestive, hormonal, and immune systems of the body. Most modern probiotics include lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, which are the most physiologically valuable components of a healthy organism’s an indigenous microflora. The aim of this study was to provide indication and identification from the milk of healthy cows and gastric tract of healthy pigs and calves of the genus bacteria Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactococcus. The objects of research were cultures of microorganisms isolated from cows milk (82), the gastrointestinal tract of cattle (317), and piglets of different age groups (114). Bacteriological studies were carried out on the basis of the veterinary sanitation and parasitology laboratory of the National Scientific Center "Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine" (Kharkiv) in accordance with current regulatory documents. According to the research of the gastrointestinal tract of clinically healthy calves and piglets isolated and typified to 317 and 114 cultures of microorganisms, the species composition of the microflora (82 bacterial cultures) of the cisternous and parenchymatous milk of clinically healthy cows was determined. A total of 513 isolates of microorganisms were isolated, including: Enterobacter spp. –2 (0,39%), Staphylococcus spp. – 7 (1,37%), Bacillus spp. – 11 (2,14%), Enterococcus spp. – 33 (6.43%), Lactococcus spp. – 75(14,62%), Bifidоbacterium spp. – 170 (33,14%), and Lactobacillus spp. – 215 (41,91%). In the study of the biological properties of isolated microorganisms Lactobacillus spp. (215) established their species identity: L. brevis – 7 (3.26%), L. delbrueckii – 9 (4,19%), L. acidophilus – 21 (9,77%), L. fermentum – 23 (10,69%), L. casei – 57 (26,51%), and L. plantarum – 98 (45.58%). Cultures of Bifidobacterium spp. (170) belong to B. suis – 2 (1,18%), B. breve – 7 (4,12%), B. lactentis – 15 (8,82%), B. bifidum – 21 (12,35%), B. longum – 22 (12,94%), B. infantis – 25 (14,71%), and B. adolescentis – 78 (45,88%). From samples of biological material of farm animals, 75 cultures of the genus Lactococcus spp. were isolated (75) of which Lactococcus lactis is representative. Isolated bacteria Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactococcus spp. promising when creating innovative probiotic products for farm animals.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Level of Physical Activity In Students with and without Symptoms of Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Surveyed with Questionnaire “7×7” (7 Symptoms Per 7 Days)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
T. V. Zhestkova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Aim. Assessment of the quality of life and physical activity level in students with and without symptoms of functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) according to questionnaire “7×7” (7 symptoms per 7 days).Materials and methods. Symptoms of FD and IBS were surveyed using the “7×7” questionnaire. Level of physical activity was evaluated according to the short IPAQ, and quality of life — to WAM questionnaires.Results. The study surveyed 92 students aged 20.7 ± 0.2 years (56 men and 36 women). We report borderline manifestations of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in 51.1 %, and FD and/or IBS symptoms of mild to moderate severity in 23.9 % of respondents. Symptoms of FD and/or IBS were equally common in men and women. Severity of FD and/or IBS symptoms was rated 4 [[3; 7] in men and 4 [[4; 11] in women (p = 0.25). Physical activity of 57.6 % in students corresponded to a moderate level. Healthy students were more likely to exhibit higher physical activity than individuals with FD and/or IBS symptoms, 56.5 and 31.9 %, respectively (p = 0.04). The level of wellbeing and severity of FD and/or IBS symptoms correlated negatively (r = –0.28, p = 0.01). Wellbeing and mood correlated directly with physical activity, r = 0.33, p = 0.001 and r = 0.27, respectively (p = 0.01).Conclusions. 1. Symptoms of FD and/or IBS occur widely among students and equally in men and women. Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract of mild to moderate severity occur in 23.9 % of students, with borderline symptoms registered with every second individual. 2. Healthy students significantly more often exhibited higher physical activity compared to individuals with FD and/or IBS symptoms of varying severity in the ratios of 56.5 and 31.9 % (p = 0.04). 3. Severity of FD and/or IBS in students negatively correlates with the wellbeing component of quality of life (r = –0.28, p = 0.01).

scholarly journals Association between sleep disorders and child violence assessed in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. e39466
Author(s):  
Lilian Bertoletti ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Scarpa ◽  
Michelli Osanai da Costa ◽  
Eduarda Correa Freitas ◽  
Luana Goulart Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experienced Child ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Aims: identifying sleep disorders (SDs) in children who experienced child maltreatment.Methods: the study evaluated the sleep pattern of 123 children (from 2 to 10 years old), who received assistance with child maltreatment, based on the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) – applied in a medical consultation after confirmation of the veracity of the child’s report of a violation. The study applied the questionnaire to children seen by doctors in the sector for 11 months.Results: among the children evaluated, 66.7% had SDs. The sample profile was predominantly female (59.3%) and aged between 4 and 7 years old (48.8%). Physical violence was found in 40.7% of the children, in addition to sexual (35.8%), psychological (24.4%), negligence (14.6%) and other types of violence (OTV) (4.5%). SDs are significantly associated with sexual, psychological and OTV (p=0.016). Regarding the subscales, there was a significant difference between the age groups in the bedtime resistance (BR) factor score (p=0.033). The BR characteristic typifies sexual, psychological and OTV. Sleep anxiety (SA) typifies more psychological, sexual and OTV. Night awakenings (NAs) typify psychological, sexual and physical violence. According to the type of violence, significant differences were found in SA (p=0.039), NAs (p=0.026) and BR (p=0.004).Conclusions: the outcomes highlight the association between SDs and child maltreatment. Certain types of violence have a greater negative impact on children’s sleep and correlate with specific SD.

scholarly journals Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the context with overlapping functional disorders: current status of the problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
M. A. Osadchuk ◽  
A. A. Svistunov ◽  
N. V. Kireeva ◽  
M. M. Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Course Features

Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract cause significant damage to the health care system. Their frequent combination in the same patient with the migration of clinical symptoms throughout the digestive tube is accompanied by continuous exacerbations, refractory to the therapy and severe psychosocial disorders. This review provides data on the main etiopathogenetic factors, clinical manifestations, course features and management tactics for patients with overlapping for the most common functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in young children

1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
R. F. Akberov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Functional Disorders

Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in young children are the most difficult and insufficiently studied issues of clinical medicine. So far, such relevant issues as the mechanism of regurgitation and vomiting, the origin of pylorostenosis and dyskinetic disorders of the small intestine have not been elucidated. Unified methods of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of both functional and organic changes of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in children in the first days of life, have not been developed.

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