EFFECT OF DIETARY GREEN TEA AND DRIED SEAWEED ON PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS DURING LATE PHASE OF PRODUCTION

Abstract Background Lower eggshell quality in the late laying period leads to economic loss. It is a major threat to the quality and safety of egg products. Age-related variations in ultrastructure were thought to induce this deterioration. Eggshell formation is a highly complex process under precise regulation of genes and biological pathways in uterus of laying hens. Herein, we evaluated the physical, mechanical and ultrastructure properties of eggshell and conducted RNA sequencing to learn the transcriptomic differences in uterus between laying hens in the peak (young hens) and late phase (aged hens) of production. Results The declined breaking strength and fracture toughness of eggshell were observed in aged hen group compared to those in young hen group, accompanied with ultrastructure variations including the increased thickness of mammillary layer and the decreased incidence of early fusion. During the initial stage of eggshell formation, a total of 183 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 125 upregulated and 58 downregulated) were identified in uterus of laying hens in the late phase in relative to those at peak production. The DEGs annotated to Gene Ontology terms related to antigen processing and presentation were downregulated in aged hens compared to young hens. The contents of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in uterus were higher in aged hens relative to those in young hens. Besides, the genes of some matrix proteins potentially involved in eggshell mineralization, such as ovalbumin, versican and glypican 3, were also differentially expressed between two groups. Conclusions Altered gene expression of matrix proteins along with the compromised immune function in uterus of laying hens in the late phase of production may conduce to age-related impairments of eggshell ultrastructure and mechanical properties. The current study enhances our understanding of the age-related deteriorations in eggshell ultrastructure and provides potential targets for improvement of eggshell quality in the late laying period.

Download Full-text

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Forms of Manganese, Zinc, Copper, and Chromium on Bioavailability of These Minerals and Calcium in Late-Phase Laying Hens

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-015-0313-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 167 (2) ◽

pp. 300-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Engin Yenice ◽

Cengizhan Mızrak ◽

Meltem Gültekin ◽

Zafer Atik ◽

Muhammet Tunca

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Late Phase ◽

Manganese Zinc

Download Full-text

The Effect of Feeding Restriction on the Microbiota and Metabolome Response in Late-Phase Laying Hens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3043

Author(s):

Clara Ajeng Artdita ◽

Yi-Ru Zhuang ◽

Tzu-Yu Liu ◽

Chih-Yuan Cheng ◽

Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Egg Production ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Late Phase ◽

Serum Metabolites ◽

Microbiome Composition ◽

Egg Production Rate ◽

Acid Pathway ◽

Effect Of Feeding

This study investigated cecal bacterial community profile, cecal and serum metabolites, and its biosynthesis pathway in late-phase laying hens during 6 weeks feeding restriction (FR), using 16S rDNA as gene sequencing and non-targeted LC-MS/MS as metabolomics approach. We used three groups (ad libitum, FR20, and FR40). FR can reduce excessive fat in late-phase laying hens, while egg production rate is not affected, except for the FR40 group. In phylum level, FR20 had more population of Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes amongst groups. The same result is at genus level, FR20 were higher of the predominant genus (Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group). Both of FR20 and FR40 reduced Proteobacteria as potential pathogenic bacteria. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that FR20 modified 20 metabolites in cecal and 10 metabolites in serum of laying hens, whereas 48 cecal metabolites and 31 serum metabolites has revealed in FR40. KEGG assay showed FR20 and FR40 upregulated lipid, carbohydrate, amino acid, nucleic acid pathway, and FR40 modified steroid metabolism in cecal analysis. In serum, only FR40 modified lipid, amino acid pathway, and carbohydrate biosynthesis were shown. This study showed that FR during late-phase laying hens altered the microbiome composition, modified metabolites profile and biosynthesis of the cecal as well as serum.

Download Full-text