scholarly journals From heart to image: In honor of the 75th anniversary of professor B. V. Markov

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-392
Author(s):  
Daniil Yu. Dorofeev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Philosophical Style ◽  
Philosophical Texts

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of Boris Vasilyevich Markov, the famous philosopher of Saint Petersburg, Russia. The author of the article, basing on many years of personal experience and professional communication with the hero of the day, presents an expressive and holistic image of Markov as a person and as a philosopher according to his biography and creativity. An attempt is made to consider the complex philosophical evolution of Markov, which took place in key periods for Russian philosophy when Russian thought actively absorbed the key philosophical texts of the 20th century that had become available. Markov is distinguished by a unique ability to creatively rethink a variety of philosophical trends — classical philosophical schools, phenomenology, existentialism, hermeneutics, analytical philosophy, structuralism — actualizing their significance for modern philosophy and synthesizing their experience in their original understanding. The specificity of Markov’s oral and written language is distinguished by its expressiveness, brightness and aphorism. It is no coincidence that the philosophy of language had a great influence on his philosophical development, remaining as one of the main research topics throughout all his works. Touching upon some of the key books of Professor Markov, written by him at different times, the author strives to briefly mention and analyze the main features of his philosophical style, thinking, and worldview. Special attention is paid to philosophical anthropology, which is directly related to the philosophical activity of the hero of the day over the past few decades. In this regard, emphasis is given to Markov’s book “Mind and Heart”, which marked the beginning of the most productive period of his philosophical work, which is currently associated with the problems of visual anthropology of communication.

scholarly journals The article is dedicated to the anniversary of Boris Vasilyevich Markov, the famous philosopher of Saint Petersburg, Russia. The author of the article, basing on many years of personal experience and professional communication with the hero of the day, presents an expressive and holistic image of Markov as a person and as a philosopher according to his biography and creativity. An attempt is made to consider the complex philosophical evolution of Markov, which took place in key periods for Russian philosophy when Russian thought actively absorbed the key philosophical texts of the 20th century that had become available. Markov is distinguished by a unique ability to creatively rethink a variety of philosophical trends — classical philosophical schools, phenomenology, existentialism, hermeneutics, analytical philosophy, structuralism — actualizing their significance for modern philosophy and synthesizing their experience in their original understanding. The specificity of Markov’s oral and written language is distinguished by its expressiveness, brightness and aphorism. It is no coincidence that the philosophy of language had a great influence on his philosophical development, remaining as one of the main research topics throughout all his works. Touching upon some of the key books of Professor Markov, written by him at different times, the author strives to briefly mention and analyze the main features of his philosophical style, thinking, and worldview. Special attention is paid to philosophical anthropology, which is directly related to the philosophical activity of the hero of the day over the past few decades. In this regard, emphasis is given to Markov’s book “Mind and Heart”, which marked the beginning of the most productive period of his philosophical work, which is currently associated with the problems of visual anthropology of communication.

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Boris I. Pruzhinin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philosophical Texts

The article examines the epistemological parameters of the phenomenon of expert examination as well as the social and cognitive features of using scientific knowledge to substantiate the objectivity of expert evaluations. Today, the scope of expert activities has significantly expanded. Accordingly, the number of studies, including philosophical ones, considering this phenomenon, in particular, has increased primarily in connection with the growth of its role in assessing the social-humanitarian risks associated with the introduction of scientific-technical advances. At the same time, attention is directed to the fact that it is precisely due to the significant expansion of the scope of expert activity that the nature of the expert examination itself is distorted — its dependence on social contexts is increasing, but its objectivity is lost. The article aims to clarify the reasons for the growth of this dependence in connection with the specificity of the epistemological parameters of knowledge, which is used as a scientific basis for expert evaluations. This aspect of expert examination, as a rule, falls out of sight of both its researchers and the experts themselves. Modern philosophers and methodologists of science state the direct dependence of expert examination on applied (i. e., limited to practical requests) developments, while, in the author’s opinion, the condition for the objectivity of expert opinions is the obligatory appeal of experts to fundamental science, motivated by the commitment to expand the sphere of holistic knowledge concerning the world. This condition is highlighted due to the epistemological perspective of comprehending expert evaluations, which makes it possible to include additional criteria for their objectivity in the sphere of the expert’s self-awareness. The actualization of such criteria, according to the author, is now becoming a prerequisite for an effective expert examination that maintains a high social status.

Bakhtin and Shpet – Inheritance and Transcendence

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Jingyu Xiao ◽  
Ruofan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn the history of Russian philosophy of language, Bakhtin and Shpet are two very important figures. As scholars having reached the peak of academic humanities, they both scored great achievements in many fields. The contributions they made to semiotics have a direct impact on the semiotic view of the Moscow-Tartu School and other scholars who later represented the highest achievements of Russian semiotics. It was many years earlier than Bakhtin that Shpet put forward views similar to those of Bakhtin. But Bakhtin surpassed Shpet and extended semiotics to a broader humanistic space.

scholarly journals Russian philosophy and the formation of the Russian national and cultural canon: problems and prospects ([Review on:] Malinov A.V. Research and articles on Russian philosophy. Saint Petersburg: RHGA, 2020, 608 p.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
A.B. Bocharov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Common ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
The Russian Language

This work is devoted to the analysis of the book by A.V. Malinov “Research and Articles on Russian Philosophy”. The main subject-content and thematic-subject lines of the book are revealed: philosophy of Slavophiles; historical, cultural and philosophical contexts of V.S. Solovyov and V.V. Rozanov; professional philosophy in Russia. Points to the variety of genres published in a collection of articles and materials of historical and philosophical articles, teaching materials (lectures and paragraphs from the textbooks), archival materials, methodological reflections. The author considers the interpretations of A.S. Khomyakov, the Slavophil ideas of O.F. Miller, the evolution of ideas about the common Slavic language, the attitude of V.S. Solovyov with N.I. Kareyev and St. Petersburg Slavophiles (including the polemic of V.S. Soloviev with the Slavophiles in the last work of the Russian philosopher – “Three Conversations”), V.V. Rozanov with the Slavophiles and V.I. Lamansky, features of V.V. Rozanov, the philosophical heritage of A.I. Vvedensky and the controversy caused by him, the place of L.P. Karsavin in the tradition of teaching the philosophy of history at St. Petersburg University, the specifics and historical path traversed by university philosophy in Russia, the modernization of the methods of modern historical and philosophical research, etc. The author notes the author's appeal to little-studied representatives of Russian philosophy, original interpretations of biographical and historical-philosophical plots, the use of the expressive possibilities of the Russian language, enriching the interpretive possibilities of the historiography of Russian philosophy. The conclusion is made about the preservation of the “Russian canon” in the research of Russian philosophy, about its heuristic possibilities. The author's intention is explained and the value of research of this kind, serving the purpose of reinterpreting the ideas of Russian philosophy, solving the problem of preserving the values and meanings of Russian culture in the modern historical and cultural context, is indicated.

The Dynamic Simulation of Contact Force between Wheels and Ground Based on ADAMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 510 ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Sen Li ◽  
Hai Tao Wu ◽  
Hong Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Contact Force ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Wheel Chair

Contact force is a complicated force in practical problem. By using the powerful function of ADAMS in dynamics analysis, we can solve it in a comparatively accurate way. Since a number of parameters are involved in the simulation in ADAMS, the initialization of them has a great influence on the simulation. Aiming at the contact force between wheels of wheel chair and ground, the value of the parameters was calculated and analyzed in this paper. The main research object in this paper is the parameter of the ADAMS/Solver. The result of the dynamics simulation is also used to test whether the parameters are defined properly or not. With this method, we find a better way to define the parameters in ADAMS.

Numerical Simulation of Three Dimensional Internal Flow of a PWR Reactor

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ge ◽  
Wenxi Tian ◽  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Jiesheng Min ◽  
Guofei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Internal Structures

The coolant flow in the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) lower plenum is complex due to the presence of various internal structures, which has a great influence on the flow distribution at the core inlet. In order to study the thermal hydraulic characteristics in the RPV lower plenum, many scaled down test facilities have been built for different PWR reactors such as Juliette, ACOP, and ROCOM. Although the experimental study is still a main research method, it may be not economical in some situations due to the high cost and the long study period. Compared with the experimental method, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology can simulate three dimensional fluid flow in complex geometries and perform parametric studies more easily. The detailed and localized thermal hydraulic characteristics which are difficult to measure during experiments can be obtained. So CFD simulation has been widely used nowadays. One of the purposes of numerical simulations of the internal flow in a RPV is to get the flow distribution at the core inlet, then to make an optimization for the flow diffusor in the RPV lower plenum to improve the core inlet flow distribution homogeneity. Appropriate optimizations for the flow diffusor depends on fully understanding the flow phenomena in the RPV lower plenum. In this paper, Phenomenon Identification and Ranking Table (PIRT) is adopted to analyze the physical phenomenon that occurs in the RPV lower plenum with the typical 900MW reactor internal structures, and the importance of the various physical phenomena and the reference parameters are ranked through expert opinions and literature review. Then a preliminary three dimensional CFD simulation for the reactor vessel is conducted. The main phenomena identified by the PIRT can be observed from the simulation results.

scholarly journals Analytic Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Evgeny Borisov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Logic ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Vienna Circle ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Ordinary Language Philosophy ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Main Research Topic

The paper provides an overview of the most fundamental ideas representing analytic philosophy throughout its history from the beginning of 20th century up to now. The history of analytic philosophy is divided into two stages – the early and the contemporary ones. The main distinguishing features of early analytic philosophy are using mathematical logic as a tool of stating and solving philosophical problems, and critical attitude toward ‘metaphysics’, i.e., traditional and contemporary non-analytic philosophical theories. The genesis of analytic philosophy was closely related to the revolution in logic that led to the rise of mathematical logic, and it is no coincidence that some founders of analytic tradition (first of all Frege, Russell, and Carnap) were also prominent logicians. (But there were also authors and schools within early analytic philosophy whose researches were based on less formal tools such as classical logic and linguistic methods of analysis of language. Ordinary language philosophy is an example of this type of philosophy.) Using the new logic as a philosophical tool led to a huge number of new ideas and generated a new type of philosophical criticism that was implemented in a number of projects of ‘overcoming metaphysics’. These features constituted the methodological and thematic profile of early analytic philosophy. As opposed to the later, contemporary analytic philosophy cannot be characterized by a prevailing method or a set of main research topic. Its characteristic features are rather of historical, institutional, and stylistic nature. In the paper, early analytic philosophy is represented by Frege, Russell, early Wittgenstein, Vienna Circle (Schlick, Carnap etc.), and ordinary language philosophy (later Wittgenstein, Ryle, Austin, and Searle). Contemporary analytic philosophy is represented by Quine, and direct reference theory in philosophy of language (Kripke, Donnellan, Kaplan, and Putnam).

scholarly journals Phenomenology of Rhythm: The Role of Rhythm in Written Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper Feilberg ◽  
John Maul
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Secondary School Student ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language Difficulties ◽  
Holistic Interpretation

Based on existential-phenomenological perspectives from Merleau-Ponty and Løgstrup, we examine the significance of rhythm for written language skills. Rhythm is both omnipresent and a difficult phenomenon to explore. Methodologically, the article presents phenomenological descriptions and exemplifications, not least a case study of a secondary school student with written language difficulties. Our intention is to illuminate connections between rhythmic perspectives in movement, speech, working memory and language as prerequisites for the acquisition of written language skills. We conclude that rhythm is an essential aspect of our bodily being, and based on the work of Merleau-Ponty, we are able to bring to light relationships between body, rhythm, and written language skills in ways that would not be possible from a natural scientific point of view. Inspired by Merleau-Ponty's analytical approach and the hermeneutic phenomenology of Ricoeur, we will combine an understanding perspective with both human scientific and natural scientific explanations, into a holistic interpretation. The article thus draws empirically on qualitative descriptions of rhythmic phenomena, and theoretically on perspectives from philosophy of language, developmental psychology and neuropsychology, but they are all interpreted in the light of existential-phenomenological ontology.

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