Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors and Renal Function A Review of the Current Status

Drug Safety ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Lise Kamper
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Converting Enzyme

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors May Cause Renal Impairment in Diabetes Mellitus

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Webster ◽  
L.E. Murchison ◽  
O.J. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Careful Investigation

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been recommended for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. However, it should be remembered that diabetic patients may also develop atheromatous renal artery stenosis. In such patients ACE inhibitors may have adverse effects on renal function. Careful investigation and monitoring is essential when ACE inhibitors are used in diabetes.

scholarly journals A clinical dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and heterozygous ACE deletion exacerbate Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (25) ◽  
pp. 9760-9770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Liu ◽  
Fujiko Ando ◽  
Yu Fujita ◽  
Junjun Liu ◽  
Tomoji Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Dose

Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a strategy used worldwide for managing hypertension. In addition to converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ACE also converts neurotoxic β-amyloid protein 42 (Aβ42) to Aβ40. Because of its neurotoxicity, Aβ42 is believed to play a causative role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas Aβ40 has neuroprotective effects against Aβ42 aggregation and also against metal-induced oxidative damage. Whether ACE inhibition enhances Aβ42 aggregation or impairs human cognitive ability are very important issues for preventing AD onset and for optimal hypertension management. In an 8-year longitudinal study, we found here that the mean intelligence quotient of male, but not female, hypertensive patients taking ACE inhibitors declined more rapidly than that of others taking no ACE inhibitors. Moreover, the sera of all AD patients exhibited a decrease in Aβ42-to-Aβ40–converting activity compared with sera from age-matched healthy individuals. Using human amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice, we found that a clinical dose of an ACE inhibitor was sufficient to increase brain amyloid deposition. We also generated human amyloid precursor protein/ACE+/− mice and found that a decrease in ACE levels promoted Aβ42 deposition and increased the number of apoptotic neurons. These results suggest that inhibition of ACE activity is a risk factor for impaired human cognition and for triggering AD onset.

Kefir peptide (Kef-1) as an emerging approach for the treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation in 2K1C mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Aires ◽  
Fernanda Gobbi Amorim ◽  
Larissa Zambom Côco ◽  
Amanda Pompermayer da Conceição ◽  
Tadeu Ériton Caliman Zanardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Potential Use

The benefits of Kefir consumption are due, in part, to the rich composition of bioactive molecules released from fermentation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are bioactive molecules with potential use in...

scholarly journals Synergistic Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 in Human Renal Tissue and Confounding Effects of Hypertension on the ACE to ACE2 Ratio

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 2453-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Wakahara ◽  
Tadashi Konoshita ◽  
Shinichi Mizuno ◽  
Makoto Motomura ◽  
Chikako Aoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Clinicopathological Variables

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, a newly emerging component of the renin-angiotensin system, is presumed to be a counterregulator against ACE in generating and degrading angiotensin II. It remains to be elucidated how mRNA levels of these two genes are quantitatively regulated in the kidney and also what kind of clinicopathological characteristics could influence the gene expressions in humans. Seventy-eight cases of biopsy-proven renal conditions were examined in detail. Total RNA from a small part of each renal cortical biopsy specimen was reverse transcribed, and the resultant cDNA was amplified for ACE, ACE2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with a real-time PCR system. Then we investigated the relationship between clinicopathological variables and mRNA levels adjusted for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Statistically significant correlation was not observed between any clinicopathological variables and either of the gene expressions by pairwise comparison. However, a strong correlation was observed between the gene expressions of ACE and those of ACE2. Moreover, the ACE to ACE2 ratio was significantly higher in subjects with hypertension (HT) than that in subjects without HT. Whereas parameters of renal function, e.g. urinary protein excretion (UPE) and creatinine clearance (Ccr), are not significantly related to the ACE to ACE2 ratio as a whole, the HT status may reflect disease-induced deterioration of renal function. That is, UPE and Ccr of subjects with HT are significantly different from those without HT, in which a significant correlation is also observed between UPE and Ccr. Finally, stepwise regression analysis further revealed that only the HT status is an independent confounding determinant of the ACE to ACE2 ratio among the variables tested. Our data suggest that ACE2 might play an important role in maintaining a balanced status of local renin-angiotensin system synergistically with ACE by counterregulatory effects confounded by the presence of hypertension. Thus, ACE2 may exert pivotal effects on cardiovascular and renal conditions.

scholarly journals Normal-phase thin-layer chromatography of some angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and their metabolites

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadranka Odovic ◽  
Mirjana Aleksic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic ◽  
Dusanka Milojkovic-Opsenica ◽  
Zivoslav Tesic
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Reversed Phase Chromatography ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The separation and chromatographic behaviour of five ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors and their four active metabolites were investigated by normal-phase thin-layer chromatography on silica using several mono- and binary non-aqueous solvent systems. The linear relationship between the RM values and the composition of employed mobile phase was obtained. The hydrophobicity parameters 0M R and C0 were determined from the regression data of the plots, analogous to reversed-phase chromatography. The chromatographically obtained hydrophobicity parameters were correlated with the calculated log P values. The current results were correlated with the lipophilicity of the studied ACE inhibitors and their metabolites, previously estimated by reversed-phase chromatography.

scholarly journals The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and midrange ejection fraction: a post hoc subgroup analysis from the PEACE trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talal Alzahrani ◽  
John Tiu ◽  
Gurusher Panjrath ◽  
Allen Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: There have been significant advances in the treatment of patients with cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction (EF < 40%). However, there is a dearth of information in the treatment of patients with cardiomyopathy and midrange EF (40–50%). Current guidelines state to treat these patients similarly to patients with cardiomyopathy and preserved EF. Data from the Prevention of Events with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition (PEACE) trial were used to elucidate whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and midrange EF. Methods: A post hoc subgroup analysis of the PEACE trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of ACE inhibitors in a subgroup of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and midrange EF (40–50%). A Chi-square test and a Student‘s t-test were used to examine and compare the binary and continuous variables of baseline characteristics and outcomes between experimental and comparison groups. Results: We studied a subgroup of patients from the PEACE trial with ischemic cardiomyopathy and midrange EF ( n = 2512 of 8290 total patients). Patients were assigned to either the interventional group ( n = 1247) or the placebo group ( n = 1265). There were no significant differences in baseline demographic and health characteristics between the two groups. During a total of 7 years (mean 4.7 years) of follow up, the risk of composite outcomes [all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke; relative risk (RR) 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.98; p = 0.03] and all-cause mortality (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73–0.99; p = 0.03) was reduced in patients treated with trandolapril. Conclusion: This study revealed the benefit of ACE inhibitors among patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and midrange EF.

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