scholarly journals Effect of television broadcasts of global sporting events on short-term changes in the use of water from the water supply network

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Marszelewski ◽  
Adam Piasecki
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Football Match ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Normal Trend ◽  
The City ◽  
Hourly Basis

Abstract The article discusses the influence of television broadcasts of global sporting events on water usage in the city of Toruń during the final match of the FIFA 2014 World Cup in Brazil. The analyses covered accurate data of water usage (recorded every 1 minute) in the city on the day of the final match. The obtained results were compared with the data for the same days of the week (Sundays) but with no such important events. A completely different trend in water usage was documented during the television broadcast, including: exponential and short-term increases and decreases in water demand immediately after the end of the successive parts of the football match. The deviations in water usage from the normal trend for the same day of the week and the same hours ranged from −318 to more than 550 m3·h−1 (calculated on an hourly basis). Therefore, water usage can be a good indicator of the interest of audiences in television programmes, particularly in those gathering millions of viewers, such as broadcasts of global sporting events.

Social impacts, prons and cons of hosting mega sporting events, focusing on a global south city: Rio de Janeiro

TERRITORIO ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Giuliana Costa
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Geographical Structure ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Complex Events ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The City ◽  
Critical Aspects

The organisation and hosting of major events, whether cultural, political, sports, economic or social, forms part of a broader strategy adopted by cities to compete in the global arena and to attract capital and investments and to boost tourism and at the same time to address their economic and social problems. This paper reviews the sociological, economic and planning literature in order to discuss to what extent these complex events represent an opportunity to stimulate the economies of cities and to transform their socio-economic and geographical structure. It does this by analysing the most critical aspects of the changes and redevelopment carried out in Rio de Janeiro to host the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics. The analysis focuses on the negative social and economic effects which these events are already having on the city.

The 2015 Cricket World Cup in Christchurch

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
C. Michael Hall ◽  
Alberto Amore
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Disaster Capitalism ◽  
The City

Purpose This study aims to focus on the development and upgrading of the Hagley Park cricket oval in Christchurch for the 2015 Cricket World Cup and how this hallmark event was used a catalyst to rebrand the city following the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the findings from research conducted between 2012 and 2016. Data for the analysis were collected from mainstream media, sport organisations websites and government archives. In addition, a two-round series of semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders was undertaken in the aftermath of the Cricket World Cup. Findings In the case of Christchurch, the earthquakes and the destruction of much of the downtown provided a recovery opportunity, with the 2015 Cricket World Cup used to expedite the development of a new sporting venue in the city centre and rebrand the city to international tourists and sport enthusiasts. Research limitations/implications The Hagley Park cricket oval case study provides evidence on the rhetoric of urban competitiveness and the use of hallmark sporting events to reframe urban development in post-disaster contexts. Originality/value This research provides further evidence on the logics of disaster capitalism and how cities embark on costly redevelopment projects for sports and events whilst overlooking exacerbating vulnerabilities among the local community.

scholarly journals O LEGADO DA COPA E SEU IMPACTO NO FUTURO DA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-197
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinicius Cardoso ◽  
João Manuel Malaia ◽  
Fernando A Fleury
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
World Cup ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Opportunity Cost ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

Legacies – structures that are built for events and which remain after the same - are one of the major positive aspects paraded by mega sporting events organizers. This study´s purpose is to analyze the current situation of legacies promised by the many governmental instances for the city of São Paulo - host city of Fifa´s 2014 World Cup – and prospect which legacies will become effective in the city. Preliminary assessments may raise construction concerns, alert the public to keep an eye on undertaken obligations and encourage official actions (Mangan, 2008, p. 1,871). Data was obtained from National Audit Court (TCU) reports, Ministry and United Nations documents, in addition to testimonials and information gathered from some of Brazil´s major press media. Data analysis was conducted by classifying legacies according to tangible and intangible legacy concepts (Kaplanidou and Karadakis, 2010) followed by an analysis of promised legacies versus current status during the period of analysis. Finally, discussions as to most probable to come about legacies were presented. Results indicate that a portion of promised legacies stand a fair chance of achievement. On the other hand, other projects lag behind schedule or have been cancelled. Preliminary surveys suggest full completion of promised legacies is not possible, there has been an overuse of public resources as opposed to that planned, and provide indicatives as to the investment´s high opportunity cost.

scholarly journals SPECIAL FEATURES OF EVENT VOLUNTEERING AT INTERNATIONAL SPORTING EVENTS: ON THE EXAMPLE FREESTYLE WORLD CUP

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Bryukhanova ◽  
◽  
K.A. Manuilova ◽  
A.S. Garkovenko ◽  
V.L. Arkhipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Youth Participation ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Social State ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Mathematical Data Processing

Statement of the problem. Today, promotion and development of volunteers’ activities is considered one of the priority areas for the youth and social state policy. The importance of studying volunteer activities is explained by the fact that soon a number of large-scale events will take place on the territory of our country and the city; experienced and qualified volunteers will definitely come in handy to organize and carry out them successfully. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the work of volunteers at a major sporting event. The research methodology is based on the analysis of literary sources; questionnaires; methods of mathematical data processing. Research results. The categories of people who are engaged in volunteer activities were identified; functional areas that are most in demand were established; the experience and competence of volunteers at this event was assessed; the factors that induce volunteers to participate in the organization of a major sporting event were identified. Conclusion. In the course of the study, the features of the work of volunteers at major sporting events were identified. The reasons for the emerging difficulties associated with the communication of the volunteer staff with athletes and spectators are identified, and the problems of organizing volunteer support at the venue are analyzed. The factors of motivation for youth participation in volunteer activities are considered.

Rio de Janeiro cittŕ dei mega eventi sportivi: progetti, politiche urbane e impatti sociali

TERRITORIO ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Giuliana Costa
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Context Factors ◽  
Pan American ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Impacts

In the next two years, Rio de Janeiro will host the two largest sporting events on the planet, the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games. This article illustrates the context factors which led the city to enter the global scene through this strategy of events and it critically reviews the stages that led to this choice, explaining how it used the 2007 Pan American Games to gain accreditation in this market and how it was inspired by the experience of the Barcelona Olympics. An illustration is also given of the urban plans and policies that are taking shape for Rio 2014 and 2016, showing the existence of a gap between the rhetoric of the window of opportunity for the city as whole, the result of having acquired these events, and the heavily selective nature of their possible positive impacts.

scholarly journals Respiratory Hospitalizations and Their Relationship with Air Pollution Sources in the Period of FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4716
Author(s):  
Élida Campos ◽  
Carlos Alexandre R. Pereira ◽  
Carmen Freire ◽  
Ilce F. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Road Work ◽  
The City

Background: From 2010 onwards, the city of Rio de Janeiro has undergone changes related to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games, potentially affecting the respiratory health of inhabitants. Thus, the spatial distribution of respiratory hospitalizations (2008–2017) and the relationship between this outcome and potential air pollution sources in the city of Rio de Janeiro (2013–2017) were evaluated. Methods: An ecological study was performed using the Bayesian model with multivariate Poisson regression for the period of the sporting events (2013–2017). The outcome was the ratio of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases by the population at risk. Data analysis was performed in the total population and by sex and age group. The air pollution-related variables included industrial districts, traffic density, tunnel portals, a seaport, airports, and construction/road work. Results: All explanatory variables, except tunnel portals, were associated with an increase in the outcome. Construction/road work showed a greater magnitude of association than the other pollution-related variables. Airports were associated with an increased hospitalization ratio among the ≥60 year-old group (mean = 2.46, 95% credible intervals = 1.35–4.46). Conclusion: This study allows for a better understanding of the geographical distribution of respiratory problems in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Present results may contribute to improved healthcare planning and raise hypotheses concerning exposure to air pollution and respiratory hospitalizations.

scholarly journals Spaces of Mega Sporting Events versus Public Spaces. Qatar 2022 World Cup and the City of Doha

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
Simona Azzali
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The City

In the last decades, many emerging countries have been staging mega sporting events more and more frequently. Among those nations, Qatar stands out for being the first Arab country to host a FIFA World Cup. With the rationale of diversifying its economy and promoting itself as a tourist destination, Doha, its capital city, has recently staged many international events and is literally under construction, undergoing important changes in terms of transportation, infrastructure, and sports facilities. While hosting cities and organising committees often promote the supposed benefits of a mega event, experience shows an opposite trend: outcomes from staging major events are mostly harmful, and their effects are planned to last only for a short time. When it comes to sporting events sites, stadiums, and their precincts, they usually become under-used and very costly to maintain in a very short time, and their precincts are completely abandoned. What will be the destiny of the 2022 World Cup stadiums and infrastructure? How can this event be leveraged as a momentum of experimentation and sustainable growth of its capital city, Doha? Is it possible to transform the Cup’s stadiums and precincts into liveable, enjoyable and well-integrated public spaces and neighbourhoods? This work focuses on the city of Doha, which hosted the 2006 Asian Games and will host the 2022 FIFA World Cup and aims to identify strategies to plan and maximise the post-event use of event sites and venues, more specifically stadiums, to generate more liveable and sustainable public spaces. The article investigates Doha’s public spaces, and analyses the government’s legacy plans for the 2022 World Cup, with a specific focus on stadiums and their precincts. The research aims to be a warning to future hosting cities and presents a series of suggestions on how to best leverage the stage of mega sporting events to promote healthy and liveable public spaces.

Ökonomische Wirkungen der Fußball-WM 2010

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan du Plessis ◽  
Wolfgang Maennig
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Short Term ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Economic Impact Studies ◽  
Soccer Fans

SummaryWithout a doubt, the 2010 World Cup of soccer in South Africa was a great experience for both soccer fans, who enjoyed a safe and efficiently-run tournament, and their South African hosts. The sporting and social spectacle was broadcast around the world and focused unprecedented media attention on South Africa. Despite the manifest success of the tournament, its short-term effects on international tourism, which are the nucleus of all other short-term positive effects on economic variables such as employment, income and taxes, have turned out to be of a much smaller magnitude than expected or even as reported during the tournament. This may be attributable to self-defeating prophecy effects. This study is a warning against the abuse of economic impact studies, especially those pertaining to major sporting events. It is also a call to use the “correct” arguments of measurable awareness effects and potential long-term development effects in discussing major sporting events. Methodologically, this study is innovative in its economic analysis of major sporting events because it (i) uses data from social networks and (ii) uses high-frequency daily data on tourism.

Baltimore Ceasefire 365: Estimated Impact of a Recurring Community-Led Ceasefire on Gun Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Peter Phalen ◽  
Erricka Bridgeford ◽  
Letrice Gant ◽  
Aaron Kivisto ◽  
Brad Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Objectives. To estimate the impact of recurring community-led, weekend-long ceasefires on gun violence in the City of Baltimore, Maryland. Methods. The City of Baltimore releases detailed data on all crimes occurring in the city. We compiled daily counts of fatal and nonfatal shootings occurring between January 2012 and July 2019 and fit a Bayesian model to estimate the impact of the ceasefires on gun violence during designated weekends after accounting for yearly seasonality, day of the week, calendar days, and overall time trends. We also looked at the 3-day periods following each 3-day ceasefire weekend to test for a possible postponement effect. Results. There was an estimated 52% (95% credible interval [CI] = 33%, 67%) reduction in gun violence during ceasefire days and no evidence of a postponement effect on either the next 3 days or the next 3-day weekend following each ceasefire weekend (incidence rate ratio = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.72, 1.06). Conclusions. The Baltimore Ceasefire weekends may be an effective short-term intervention for reducing gun violence. Future research should aim to understand the key components and transferability of the intervention.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
World Cup ◽  
The Public ◽  
Football Match ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

On 28 January 1998, an impressive new sports stadium situated just north of the city limits of Paris, in the suburb of Saint-Denis, opened its doors to the public for the first time. On this occasion, the Stade de France (or ‘Stadium of France’) hosted an international football match between France and Spain, a tune-up for both players and the stadium in advance of the 1998 World Cup, to be hosted in France that summer....

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