Comparative analysis of the content of heavy metals in raw materials of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L.

Currently, heavy metals are considered as priority soil pollutants. It is known that the vegetative mass of agricultural crops is capable of accumulating them in large quantities. Ornamental flower crops, which firmly occupy their ecological niche, are practically not considered from this point of view. The aim of this work is to study the features of the accumulation of heavy metals in the aboveground and underground organs of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L. in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa. The objects of research were seven taxa of Paeonia (P. peregrina Mill., P. lactiflora Pall., P. lactiflora f. rosea, P. delavayi Franch., P. × hybrida Appassionata, Mustai Karim, Jeanne d’Arc). Methodology. The study of the elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was carried out according to the method No. M-02-1009-05 atomic spectroscopy. Mathematical data processing was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics using the AgCStat software package in the form of an Excel add-in. Scientific novelty. For the first time, different taxa and parts of Paeonia plants were taken for research. Results. It was revealed that in the studied samples the copper content is 4,15–2520,00 times higher than that of other elements. It is noted that the minimum concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, manganese and iron are noted in the roots; lead and nickel – in flowers; copper – in the leaves of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic, lead, chromium is found in the leaves; cadmium, nickel, manganese – in the stems; iron – in flowers. That is, cutting paeonies in the autumn before retirement avoids the accumulation of these microelements in the soil. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the absolute values of the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxa of paeonies correlate with each other to a weak and medium degree. Correlation study of pairs of elements makes it possible to assess the synergism of accumulation and its absence, which is consistent with the opinion of other authors.

On the Applicability of Electrophoresis for Protein Quantification

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is widely used for studying proteins and protein-containing objects. However, it is employed most frequently as a qualitative method rather than a quantitative one. This paper shows the feasibility of routine digital image acquisition and mathematical processing of electropherograms for protein quantification when using vertical gel electrophoresis and Chrom & Spec software. Both the well-studied model protein molecules (bovine serum albumin) and more complex real-world protein-based products (casein-containing isolate for sports nutrition), which were subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill to obtain samples characterized by different protein denaturation degrees, were used as study objects. Protein quantification in the mechanically activated samples was carried out. The degree of destruction of individual protein was shown to be higher compared to that of the protein-containing mixture after mechanical treatment for an identical amount of time. The methodological approach used in this study can serve as guidance for other researchers who would like to use electrophoresis for protein quantification both in individual form and in protein mixtures. The findings prove that photographic imaging of gels followed by mathematical data processing can be applied for analyzing the electrophoretic data as an affordable, convenient and quick tool.

ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH SKILLS AND SKILLS OF MATHEMATICAL PROCESSING OF DATA OF STUDENTS OF I-III LEVELS OF HIGHER EDUCATION SPECIALTY “PSYCHOLOGY”

The article is devoted to the topical problem of researching the level of development of research skills and abilities of mathematical data processing in future psychologists studying at different levels of higher education. The study involved three levels of higher education and five doctors ofpsychology as experts. Respondents (n = 75) were asked to perform a practical task aimed at demonstrating their ability to transform a simple practical question into a research model that would take into account all the necessary steps and methods of mathematical data processing. The analysis of the results indicates the presence of statistically significant differences and levels of development of research skills and abilities of mathematical data processing. It was determined that the highest rate is for applicants for the third, and the lowest - for the second level of higher education.

Justification of the need for changing the process of physical education in educational institutions based on indicators of physical development, physical preparedness and functional state of studetns` body system

The results of research and analysis of indicators of physical development, physical preparedness and functional state of the cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular systems of students of Cherkasy State Technological University during the three years of study are presented. There are methods that were used during this: methodological and biological, anthropometric, physiometric measurements, instrumental research methods, methods of mathematical data processing. Result of the researches have shown significant difference in indicators of physical development and negative dynamics of indicators of the functional state students‟ body during three years of study. There is a fact that shows a lack of activities and low effectiveness of two-hour training of physical education during the weeks in HEI. All this points to the need to change the process of physical education in educational institutions; the introduction of new approaches and technologies for the organization of the educational process; formation of motivational and valuable attitude of student youth to their own health, physical and sports improvement.

Training technologies as a means of increasing motivation for creative activity of future nursery teachers

The article investigates the problem of increasing motivation for creative activity of future teachers with the help of training technologies. The studied experience of using training technologies allowed determining their potential to increase the motivation of future teachers to creative activities. Experimental application of training technologies was tested in training courses for future teachers “Psychology,” “General Pedagogy,” “Introduction to the Specialty.” Mathematical data processing methods and a software package for statistical analysis “Statistica” were used to analyze the obtained results and objectively consider the dynamics of change. Socio-psychological training is the most effective way to increase the level of motivation for creative activity of future teachers. Experimental research has shown that training should include a wide range of techniques, namely: icebreaker exercises, feedback games, game of social-perceptual orientation, communication games, psychotechnics aimed at problem solving, meditation, visualization.

On the Applicability of Electrophoresis for Protein Quantification

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is widely used for studying proteins and protein-containing objects. However, it is employed most frequently as a qualitative method rather than a quantitative one. In this paper, we show the feasibility of routine digital image acquisition and mathematical processing of electrophoregrams for protein quantification. Both the well-studied model protein molecules (bovine serum albumin) and more complex real-world protein-based products (casein-containing isolate for sports nutrition), which were subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill to obtain samples characterized by different protein denaturation degrees, were used as study objects. Protein quantification in the mechanically activated samples was carried out. The degree of destruction of individual protein was shown to be higher compared to that of protein-containing mixture after mechanical treatment for an identical amount of time. The methodological approach used in this study can serve as guidance for other researchers who would like to use electrophoresis for protein quantification both in individual form and in protein mixtures. The findings prove that photographic imaging of gels followed by mathematical data processing can be applied for analyzing the electrophoretic data.

Cluster analysis of collection material of peas with genes of leafletless type (af) and non-shedding seeds (def)

In the conditions of the south of the Rostov region, there was carried out a comprehensive estimation of 242 collection peas samples of various ecological and geographical origin selected in the world collection of the Vavilov’s ARIPG and other research breeding institutions, and there have been selected 31 samples with a leafletless type (af) and non-shedding seeds (def). The study was carried out in the collection nursery in the fields of the laboratory for legumes breeding and seed production of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2017–2020. The meteorological conditions during the years of study were different during the vegetation period, which made it possible to objectively evaluate the collection samples according to the studied traits. In order to identify the similarities and differences between the samples, there was made cluster analysis. Mathematical data processing and cluster analysis were performed using the software Excel and Statistica 10. Euclidean distance was used as a measure of similarity. On the basis of clustering there was build a hierarchy. As a result, there were identified the varieties ‘Demos’ (Russia), ‘Korall’ (Ukraine), lL-27287l (Russia), ‘Stoik’ (Russia), ‘Stepnyak’ (Ukraine), ‘Priazovsky’ (Russia), ‘Kharvus-3’ (Ukraine), ‘Multik’ (Russia) as the sources of resistance to lodging. According to ‘number of beans per plant’ there were identified the varieties ‘Samarius’ (Russia), ‘OR-2154’ (Russia), ‘L-27287’ (Russia), ‘Aksaysky usaty’ (Russia), ‘Vatan’ (Russia). According to ‘number of seeds per plant’ there were identified the varieties ‘L.176/2000’ (Russia), ‘OR-2157’ (Russia), ‘Pamyati Khangildina’ (Russia), ‘Chernigovsky’ (Ukraine), ‘L-27287’ (Russia), ‘Aksaysky usaty’ (Russia), ‘Vatan’ (Russia). According to ‘seed size’ there was identified the variety ‘Multik’ (Russia). According to high productivity there were identified the varieties ‘L-27287’ (Russia), ‘Aksaysky usaty’ (Russia), ‘Vatan’ (Russia). The study of the collection peas material has identified the sources of economically valuable traits for their use in further breeding for seed productivity and technological effectiveness.

Emotional burnout of teachers in the context of the transition to distance learning

The article discusses the problem of emotional burnout of teachers when switching to distance learning, in connection with the spread of the COVID-2019 epidemic and the introduction of quarantine. Research methods: 1. Methods for the diagnosis of professional burnout of K. Maslach, S. Jackson in the adaptation of N.Ye. Vodopyanova. 2. Diagnostics of emotional burnout of personality by V.V. Boyko. The reliability of the research results is ensured by the methodological validity of the sought positions, the use of methods adequate to the purpose, object and subject of the work, as well as the use of methods of mathematical data processing: the Mann-Whitney U-criterion. The results obtained in the course of the study make it possible to assert that for teachers such drastic changes became significant stress due to a sharp change in the usual teaching system and an urgent need for the operational development of new skills that did not previously affect their professional suitability, which entailed additional psychological load, a state of active tension, a reduction in professional duties, which led to emotional exhaustion, which intensified the symptoms of emotional burnout. Thus, we can conclude that after the transition to distance learning, teachers show a more pronounced level of emotional burnout arising from the influence of factors associated with professional activity, which contribute to personality deformation and the further development of emotional burnout. A training program and practical recommendations were prepared for the prevention of emotional burnout of teachers