Analysis of mine water from four decommissioned pits in south-western Ghana – implications for remediation programmes for mine closure

Research into water quality status of accumulated water in decommissioned pits is a grey area in Ghana and could be of significant benefit in the effectiveness of remediation of pits after mining. Water sampled from four decommissioned pits in Amansie West District were analysed for their water quality status. Seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters for determining water quality were reported as well as their average values. In general, the ion concentrations varied from season to season but were within World Health Organization (WHO) maximum permissible limits (MPL) with the exception of boron. Similar observation was made for heavy metals/trace elements analysed, with the exception of As and Fe. Seasonal and average concentrations of As were higher than the WHO MPL. Similarly, the mid-season concentration of Fe recorded from a water sample collected from one pit was higher than WHO limits. Turbidity levels were significantly higher in two pits. The studies revealed that some parameters for water quality determination were above WHO acceptable limits for potable water, an indication that the effect of mining on water quality from water bodies investigated persisted after mine closure. Hence remediation programmes should be broadened to include effective reclamation of mine water accumulated in pits during mine closure.

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Development of water quality index of ex-mining ponds in Malaysia

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v15n2019.1079 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isa Baba Koki ◽

Sharifuddin Md Zain ◽

Low Kah Hin ◽

Azman Azid ◽

Hafizan Juahir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Klang Valley ◽

Mining Water ◽

Quality Status

In this paper, a study on the development of water quality index of ex-mining ponds was carried out for proper assessment and utilization of the abundant ex-mining ponds in Malaysia. Heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (ICPMS), and physico chemical parameters were analyzed in-situ. Chemometric analysis was successfully applied for the parameter selection process. The water quality index of existing Malaysian river did not accommodate the toxic metal pollutants that dominanted in ex-mining water. The acceptable index should therefore incorporate the metal pollutants in order to evaluate the quality status of ex-mining water for human consumption which is the major point of consideration. Two water quality indices were developed to assess the water quality status of ex-mining ponds with reference to Malaysia’s water quality standard (INWQS). The heavy metal index was comprised of contribution from Pb, As, and Cd as the selected metals, while the physico-chemical parameter index has BOD, pH, DO, and AN. Chemometric analysis revealed the dominance of the selected heavy metals in ex-mining water, and physico-chemical parameters were important in water quality monitoring. Heavy metal water quality index revealed that most ex-mining ponds in Klang Valley were classified to be very poor hence could not be used for human consumption. Due to domestic input in some of the lakes in Klang Valley, the physico-chemical water quality index was in very poor status as well. In Melaka and Negeri Sembilan, ex-mining ponds and lakes were classified as excellent in both indices.

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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in the Vicinity of Khurrianwala Industrial Zone, Pakistan

Water ◽

10.3390/w10101321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1321 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Muhammad Aleem ◽

Cao Shun ◽

Chao Li ◽

Arslan Aslam ◽

Wu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

World Health ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Industrial Zone ◽

High Concentration ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Health Organization ◽

National Environmental

The industrial augmentation and unguided anthropogenic activities contaminate water sources in most parts of the world especially in developing countries like Pakistan. High concentration of pollutants in groundwater affects human, soil, and crop health badly. The present study was conducted to investigate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in an industrial zone of Pakistan. A GIS tool was used to investigate the spatial distribution of different physico-chemical parameters. In this study, the average results exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) and National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) were found for pH 7.84, total dissolved solids (TDS) 1492 mg/L, phosphate 0.51 mg/L, dissolved oxygen (DO) 9.92% saturation, F-coli 6.48 colonies/100 mL, Na+ 366 mg/L, HCO3− 771 mg/L, sulfate 251 mg/L, chlorides 427 mg/L, total hardness (as CaCO3) 292 mg/L, electrical conductivity (EC) 2408 μS/cm, iron (Fe) 0.48 mg/L, chrome (Cr) 0.50 mg/L, arsenic (As) 0.04 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) 0.17 mg/L, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 9.76 (in meq/L), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) 9.28 meq/L, % ion balance 14.4 (in meq/L), percentage sodium ion (% Na+) concentration 58.9 meq/L, and water quality index (WQI) 69.0. The trend of cations and anions were (in meq/L) Na > Mg > Ca > K and HCO3 > Cl > CO3 > SO4 respectively. Although the results of the present study showed poor conditions of the groundwater for drinking as WQI but and irrigation purposes as SAR, it needs to improve some more conditions for the provision of safe drinking water and irrigation water quality.

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The Storage and Water Quality Characteristics of Rungiri Quarry Reservoir in Kiambu, Kenya, as a Potential Source of Urban Water

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology6040093 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Winfred Kilonzo ◽

Patrick Home ◽

Joseph Sang ◽

Beatrice Kakoi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Supply ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

World Health ◽

Urban Water ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Quality Status

Urbanization has caused limitations on water resources, while climate change has reduced amounts of surface water in some parts of the world. Kikuyu, a suburban area in Kiambu county, Kenya, is facing this challenge. The major challenge in the study is scarcity of potable water, resulting in inadequate water supply to Kikuyu residents. Currently, only 63.6% of the population is being supplied with water by Kikuyu Water Company, the company mandated to supply water to the area. Water demand was 2972 m3/day in 2015 and was projected to be 3834 m3/day by 2025. This has put pressure on the already exploited clean water resources, making it necessary to seek additional sources of domestic water. Storage capacity and water quality of surface water bodies, especially small reservoirs whose water can be used to ease the demand, need to be assessed for supplemental water supply. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of the abandoned quarry reservoir as a source of potable urban water by determining its storage capacity characteristics and water quality status. Volume characteristics were determined using bathymetry survey in January 2019. Water samples were collected in January and August 2019 and analyzed for chemical, physical, and bacteriological quality, as per the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard methods for water and wastewater. Parameters were evaluated based on World Health Organization (WHO) and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) guidelines for drinking water, and rated based on the drinking water quality index (WQI). The reservoir’s maximum storage capacity was found to be 128,385 m3, the surface area was 17,699 m2, and the maximum depth was 15.11 m. Nineteen of the twenty-five investigated parameters were within the acceptable standards. However, the concentrations of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), turbidity, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were above the acceptable limits. Manganese and iron levels increased with depth. The overall WQI of the reservoir was 82.51 and 85.85 in January and August, respectively. Therefore, based on WQI rating, the water scored a good quality rating and could be used for domestic supply upon treatment. The original achievement of this study is establishment of the volume of the water in the quarry as an additional source of water to the nearby community, along with water quality status.

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Penentuan Kondisi Kualitas Perairan Muara Sungai Somber, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur dengan Metode Indeks Pencemaran (Pollution Index)

SPECTA Journal of Technology ◽

10.35718/specta.v4i2.186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 23-34

Author(s):

Marita Wulandari ◽

Muhammad Ma’arij Harfadli ◽

Rahmania Rahmania

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Easy Access ◽

Small Rivers ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Index Method ◽

Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Quality Status

Balikpapan bay has an important and strategic role, such as a buffer for sustainability of the estuary function as the Balikpapan seaport. In Balikpapan esuary watershed there are large and small rivers, including Somber River. Settlements and industries around the river banks have caused a decrease of river water quality, especially activities that place pollutant loads (waste) on the river bodies. This research is focused on physical and chemical parameters, including Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), temperature, pH, and DO (Dissolved Oxygen).Water quality research was conducted by dividing the river into 7 measurment points. The distribution of measurement points was based on water quality considerations that represent upstream, middle, and downstream water quality, as well as considering easy access. Water samples at each mesurment point ware collected at three different depths (vertically). Concentrations of several parameters that have been obtained were then analyzed using the Pollution Index method (Pollution Index) which is used to determine relative pollutant levels to the allowed water quality parameters. The testing procedure by pollution index refers to procedure poured in the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment No. 115 in 2003 concerning of Determining Guidelines of Water Quality Status. Based on the field measurments, an average value for temperatures obtained ranging from 30.0 - 32.1 ° C, TDS values 4270 mg / L - 10000 mg / L, DO ranges between 1.8 mg / L - 3.1 mg / L, and pH values between 6.6 - 7.1. From the calculation and data analisys of physical and chemical parameters, the research can be concluded that the location of measurement point 1 shows water quality status being lightly polluted, while point 2,3,4,5,6, and 7 shows water quality status being moderately polluted. Keywords: Water quality, estuary, Somber river, pollution index

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Assessment of Ganges River Water Quality at Allahabad: A case study for the event of Magha Mela

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v8i3.9303 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

LN Gupta ◽

Ram Avtar ◽

Ameerjeet Singh ◽

Pankaj Kumar ◽

Emmanuel Mutisya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ganges River ◽

Pollution Load ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

River Ganges ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

High Pollution ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

The Impact

Considering Ganga River as one of main Holy River in India, millions of people throng to the river to have a holy dip, Aachman (Mouthful of holy water) and cleanse themselves of sins. Magh Mela is a great festival to take place in bank of Triveni (Sangam) at Allahabad and runs more than one and half month, when millions of pilgrims from different regions in India go there for taking a holy bath in Sangam of Ganga. Thus, the bathing in the river during Magh Mela leads to high pollution of the river in comparison to other days such as normal bathing days. This study focused on the water quality status from some selected physico-chemical parameters of River Ganges and the impact of Magh Mela as well as the variation in the river’s flow rate. Results indicate that the pollution load was alarmingly high and the flow of the Ganga had been very poor. Further, the study found that the water was not fit for bathing during the 2012 Magh Mela. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i3.9303 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.8(3): 2014: 8-14

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The Current Status of Physicochemical Parameters and Water Quality of Sundarijal Reservoir

Journal of Science and Engineering ◽

10.3126/jsce.v6i0.23966 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 64-70

Author(s):

Ram Prasad Dhungana

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Public Awareness ◽

World Health ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Current Status ◽

Sanitary Condition ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Chemical Characters ◽

Health Organization

Physico-chemical parameters and bacteriological characteristics of water were studied in sample collected from Sundarijal reservoir in January 2018. The present sanitary condition and human activities near the water bodies were also observed. It has been found that the physico-chemical characters were within the standard of World Health Organization (WHO) and National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) for drinking water though the public awareness and proper management of watershed and reservoir premises were lacking. However, the coliform bacteria were high and water was not safe to consume without intense treatments with disinfectants.

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A Preliminary Study of the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Potential Pollutant Sources in Urban Lake Rawa Besar, Depok, Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Geography ◽

10.22146/ijg.60420 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mangapul Parlindungan Tambunan ◽

Kuswantoro Marko ◽

Ratna Saraswati ◽

Rokhmatuloh Rokhmatuloh ◽

Revi Hernina

Keyword(s):

Urban Lake ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Nitrate N ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽

Pollutant Sources ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Quality Status

Lake Rawa Besar is an urban lake surrounded by dense settlements and commercial areas that are currently experiencing physical and ecological pressures due to uncontrolled land-use change around the lake. Therefore, this preliminary study aimed to investigate the sustainable management of the lake in order to create a recreational destination area. It was carried out by ascertaining the lake water quality status through the analysis of the physical and chemical parameters and identifying the potential pollutant sources due to land use and human activities. The physical parameters include TDS, TSS, Turbidity, while the chemical parameters include Nitrate-N, Total Phosphate-P, and BOD. Furthermore, field surveys on 30 water samples were conducted once at noon and statistical analysis was used to ascertain the correlation between the physical and chemical parameters. Finally, Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were used to investigate the spatial distribution of the Physico-chemical parameters and the potential pollutant sources. The results showed that based on the six parameters of the water quality status, the lake was lightly polluted. It also showed that three parameters such as Turbidity, BOD, and TSS exceed the permissible limit with 93.3, 66.7, 43.7% of the total samples, respectively. Additionally, a strong correlation existed between BOD and Turbidity with r=0.95, while a medium correlation existed between Nitrate-N and Phosphate-P with r=0.40. The spatial distribution of the concentration of the physico-chemical parameters generally had a varied pattern, however, Turbidity and BOD had a similar pattern, especially in the bank areas. Finally, domestic and organic wastes were indicated as pollutant sources, which increased eutrophication in the lake.

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Hydrochemical Characterization and Suitability Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Saboba and Chereponi Districts, Ghana

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology7030053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Larry Pax Chegbeleh ◽

Delali Kwasi Aklika ◽

Bismark Awinbire Akurugu

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

World Health ◽

Water Type ◽

Suitability Assessment ◽

Major Cations ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Health Organization

Hydrochemical data of groundwater samples obtained from the mudstones, sandstones, and siltstones aquifer units that underlie the study area have been characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking, domestic, and agricultural purposes. The physico-chemical parameters were initially compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards for potable water. They were further subjected to various hydrochemical techniques to assess the overall water quality for drinking purposes. Conventional methods of assessing irrigation water suitability were also adopted. The results indicate that, with the exception of HCO3− characterized as unsuitable for drinking water, most of the parameters are within the WHO permissible limits and are thus characterized as suitable for drinking water. A few samples however show slight deviation. The results also show that the abundance of major cations in groundwater is in the order: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. However, the abundance of the major anions is in the order: HCO3− > Cl− > SO42−. Na-HCO3 is thus inferred as the dominant water type in the area. Analyses of the overall Water Quality Index (WQI) and irrigation water assessment indices suggest that groundwater in the area is generally suitable for drinking, domestic, and irrigation purposes.

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Effect of Refuse Dump on Ground Water Quality at Farin-Gida Area of Mando, Kaduna State

Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology ◽

10.9734/ajee/2021/v16i230246 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 41-50

Author(s):

S. M. Adamu ◽

A. A. Ijah ◽

H. C. Ozoani ◽

F. M. Rasheed ◽

J. O. Emmanuel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ground Water ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Dissolve Solid ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

World Health ◽

Ground Water Quality ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Dug Wells ◽

Health Organization

This study shows the effect s of solid waste dumpsite on ground water quality in Farin-gida, Kaduna State Nigeria. Water samples were collected from six (6) different wells in three(3) strategic areas that have major dumpsites in Farin-gida. These samples were collected in November from both bore holes and hand dug wells within (0-50 meters) to the dumpsite. The following physico-chemical properties of well water was tested for, in the laboratory thus; Total Dissolve Solid, Total Alkalinity, Fluoride, PH, Turbidity and Electrical Conductivity. The results obtained as shown in table 1,2 and 3 respectively indicate that all the wells have varying levels of physico-chemical concentration that is different from the standard as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigeria Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ), which implies that the water from the study areas are not safe for drinking. Hence, should be treated.

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Assessment of River and Groundwater Quality and its Suitability for Domestic Uses in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.11.2.12 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 439-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S.D Shinde ◽

K. A Patil ◽

P. A Sadgir

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

World Health ◽

Left Bank ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Godavari River ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Health Organization ◽

Physical And Chemical

The ongoing degradation of the water quality of central Maharashtra’s basaltic aquifer is of great concern for different authorities and agencies involved in the water sector in the Maharashtra, India. The Kham river, which is one of the major tributaries of the Godavari river, receives all domestic and industrial waste water from the Aurangabad city. The river, with no natural flow in the dry season, is extensively used for irrigation. In order to evaluate the quality of river and groundwater in the study area, eight river water and forty groundwater samples along right and left bank of the Kham river were collected and analyzed for various parameters. Physical and chemical parameters of the river and groundwater such as pH, TDS, EC, SO4, NO3 and heavy metals like Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, and Cu were determined. The results show that the river and groundwater of the area is generally unfit for domestic uses. Most of the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in the river and groundwater samples have higher value than the World Health Organization (WHO, 2006) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS, 2003) guidelines.

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